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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
_______________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_______________________________________________

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: April 1, 2023
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-36353
_______________________________________________
Perrigo Company plc
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_______________________________________________

Ireland |  | Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

The Sharp Building, Hogan Place, Dublin 2, Ireland D02 TY74
+353 1 7094000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary shares, €0.001 par value | PRGO | New York Stock Exchange
3.900% Notes due 2024 | PRGO24 | New York Stock Exchange
4.375% Notes due 2026 | PRGO26 | New York Stock Exchange
4.400% Notes due 2030 | PRGO30 | New York Stock Exchange
5.300% Notes due 2043 | PRGO43 | New York Stock Exchange
4.900% Notes due 2044 | PRGO44 | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐
Emerging growth company | ☐ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. | ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
As of May 5, 2023, there were 135,325,847 ordinary shares outstanding.

PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
FORM 10-Q
INDEX

| PAGE NUMBER
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements | 3
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations | 4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 5
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | 6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity | 7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 8
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
1 | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 9
2 | Revenue Recognition | 10
3 | Acquisitions and Divestitures | 11
4 | Discontinued Operations | 12
5 | Inventories | 13
6 | Investments | 13
7 | Leases | 14
8 | Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 15
9 | Fair Value Measurements | 16
10 | Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities | 17
11 | Indebtedness | 21
12 | Earnings per Share and Shareholders' Equity | 22
13 | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 22
14 | Restructuring Charges | 23
15 | Income Taxes | 23
16 | Contingencies | 25
17 | Segment Information | 31
18 | Subsequent Events | 31
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 33
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 44
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 44
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 45
Item 1A. Risk Factors | 45
Item 6. Exhibits | 47
Signatures | 48

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this report are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are subject to the safe harbor created thereby. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our, or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements. In particular, statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions, future events or future performance contained in this report, including certain statements contained in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” "forecast," “predict,” “potential” or the negative of those terms or other comparable terminology.
The Company has based these forward-looking statements on its current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections. While the Company believes these expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections are reasonable, such forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, including: supply chain impacts on the Company’s business, including those caused or exacerbated by armed conflict, trade and other economic sanctions and/or disease; general economic, credit, and market conditions; the impact of the war in Ukraine and any escalation thereof, including the effects of economic and political sanctions imposed by the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and other countries related thereto; the outbreak or escalation of conflict in other regions where we do business; future impairment charges, if we determine that the carrying amount of specific assets may not be recoverable from the expected future cash flows of such assets; customer acceptance of new products; competition from other industry participants, some of whom have greater marketing resources or larger market shares in certain product categories than the Company does; pricing pressures from customers and consumers; resolution of uncertain tax positions and any litigation relating thereto, ongoing or future government investigations and regulatory initiatives; uncertainty regarding the timing of, and the Company’s ability to obtain and maintain, certain regulatory approvals, including the sale of daily over-the-counter oral contraceptives; potential costs and reputational impact of product recalls or sales halts; potential adverse changes to U.S. and foreign tax, healthcare and other government policy; the effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and its variants; the timing, amount and cost of any share repurchases (or the absence thereof); fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates; the Company’s ability to achieve the benefits expected from the sale of its Rx business and the risk that potential costs or liabilities incurred or retained in connection with that transaction may exceed the Company’s estimates or adversely affect the Company’s business or operations; the Company’s ability to achieve the benefits expected from the acquisitions of Héra SAS ("HRA Pharma") and Nestlé’s Gateway infant formula plant along with the U.S. and Canadian rights to the GoodStart® infant formula brand and other related formula brands ("Gateway") and/or the risks that the Company’s synergy estimates are inaccurate or that the Company faces higher than anticipated integration or other costs in connection with the acquisitions; risks associated with the integration of HRA Pharma and Gateway, including the risk that growth rates are adversely affected by any delay in the integration of sales and distribution networks; the consummation and success of other announced and unannounced acquisitions or dispositions, and the Company’s ability to realize the desired benefits thereof; and the Company’s ability to execute and achieve the desired benefits of announced cost-reduction efforts and other strategic initiatives and investments, including the Company’s ability to achieve the expected benefits from its Supply Chain Reinvention Program. Adverse results with respect to pending litigation could have a material adverse impact on the Company's operating results, cash flows and liquidity, and could ultimately require the use of corporate assets to pay damages, reducing assets that would otherwise be available for other corporate purposes. There can be no assurance that the FDA will approve the sale of daily oral contraceptives without a prescription in the United States. These and other important factors, including those discussed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, this report under “Risk Factors” and in any subsequent filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements in this report are made only as of the date hereof, and unless otherwise required by applicable securities laws, we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
TRADEMARKS, TRADE NAMES AND SERVICE MARKS
This report contains trademarks, trade names and service marks that are the property of Perrigo Company plc, as well as, for informational purposes, trademarks, trade names, and service marks that are the property of other organizations. Solely for convenience, certain trademarks, trade names, and service marks referred to in this report appear without the ®, ™ and SM symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate that we or the applicable owner, as the case may be, will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our or their rights to such trademarks, trade names, and service marks.
3

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 1,181.7 |  |  | $ | 1,074.5 |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 767.9 |  |  | 736.7 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | 413.8 |  |  | 337.8 |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distribution | 28.6 |  |  | 24.4 |  |  |  |  |
Research and development | 31.1 |  |  | 29.3 |  |  |  |  |
Selling | 167.9 |  |  | 135.6 |  |  |  |  |
Administration | 135.0 |  |  | 122.3 |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring | 3.4 |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  |  |
Other operating (income) expense, net | (0.7) |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  |  |
Total operating expenses | 365.3 |  |  | 316.1 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income | 48.5 |  |  | 21.7 |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | 43.7 |  |  | 35.8 |  |  |  |  |
Other expense (income), net | 0.5 |  |  | (1.1) |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes | 4.3 |  |  | (13.0) |  |  |  |  |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 5.4 |  |  | (11.7) |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | (1.1) |  |  | (1.3) |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | (1.9) |  |  | (1.1) |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (3.0) |  |  | $ | (2.4) |  |  |  |  |
Earnings (loss) per share |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.01) |  |  |  |  |
Discontinued operations | (0.01) |  |  | (0.01) |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | (0.02) |  |  | $ | (0.02) |  |  |  |  |
Diluted |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Continuing operations | $ | (0.01) |  |  | $ | (0.01) |  |  |  |  |
Discontinued operations | (0.01) |  |  | (0.01) |  |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | (0.02) |  |  | $ | (0.02) |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-average shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 134.9 |  |  | 134.0 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted | 134.9 |  |  | 134.0 |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in millions)
(unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (3.0) |  |  | $ | (2.4) |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | 52.7 |  |  | (24.6) |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of tax | (31.5) |  |  | 10.4 |  |  |  |  |
Change in post-retirement and pension liability, net of tax | (0.5) |  |  | (6.3) |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 20.7 |  |  | (20.5) |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 17.7 |  |  | $ | (22.9) |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)

| April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 553.0 |  |  | $ | 600.7 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $7.1 and $6.8, respectively | 738.7 |  |  | 697.1 |
Inventories | 1,183.0 |  |  | 1,150.3 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 266.0 |  |  | 271.8 |
Total current assets | 2,740.7 |  |  | 2,719.9 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 919.3 |  |  | 926.3 |
Operating lease assets | 211.7 |  |  | 217.1 |
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets | 3,650.4 |  |  | 3,549.0 |
Definite-lived intangible assets, net | 3,083.9 |  |  | 3,230.2 |
Deferred income taxes | 6.1 |  |  | 7.1 |
Other non-current assets | 342.8 |  |  | 367.7 |
Total non-current assets | 8,214.2 |  |  | 8,297.4 |
Total assets | $ | 10,954.9 |  |  | $ | 11,017.3 |
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 505.2 |  |  | $ | 537.3 |
Payroll and related taxes | 106.5 |  |  | 136.4 |
Accrued customer programs | 146.7 |  |  | 139.1 |
Other accrued liabilities | 272.0 |  |  | 250.2 |
Accrued income taxes | 17.6 |  |  | 14.4 |
Current indebtedness | 38.8 |  |  | 36.2 |
Total current liabilities | 1,086.8 |  |  | 1,113.6 |
Long-term debt, less current portion | 4,062.8 |  |  | 4,070.4 |
Deferred income taxes | 333.8 |  |  | 368.2 |
Other non-current liabilities | 637.6 |  |  | 623.0 |
Total non-current liabilities | 5,034.2 |  |  | 5,061.6 |
Total liabilities | 6,121.0 |  |  | 6,175.2 |
Contingencies - Refer to Note 16 |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |
Controlling interests: |  |  |
Preferred shares, $0.0001 par value per share, 10 shares authorized | — |  |  | — |
Ordinary shares, €0.001 par value per share, 10,000 shares authorized | 6,910.8 |  |  | 6,936.7 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | (6.3) |  |  | (27.0) |
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | (2,070.6) |  |  | (2,067.6) |
Total shareholders’ equity | 4,833.9 |  |  | 4,842.1 |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 10,954.9 |  |  | $ | 11,017.3 |
Supplemental Disclosures of Balance Sheet Information |  |  |
Preferred shares, issued and outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Ordinary shares, issued and outstanding | 135.3 |  |  | 134.7 |

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in millions, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)

| Ordinary Shares Issued |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |  | Total
| Shares |  | Amount
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 133.8 |  |  | $ | 7,043.2 |  |  | $ | 35.5 |  |  | $ | (1,927.0) |  |  | $ | 5,151.7 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2.4) |  |  | (2.4) |
Other comprehensive loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | (20.5) |  |  | — |  |  | (20.5) |
Restricted stock plan | 1.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation for restricted stock | — |  |  | 26.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26.3 |
Cash dividends, $0.26 per share | — |  |  | (34.2) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (34.2) |
Shares withheld for payment of employees' withholding tax liability | (0.4) |  |  | (16.4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16.4) |
Balance at April 2, 2022 | 134.6 |  |  | $ | 7,018.9 |  |  | $ | 15.0 |  |  | $ | (1,929.4) |  |  | $ | 5,104.5 |

| Ordinary Shares Issued |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |  | Total
| Shares |  | Amount
Balance at December 31, 2022 | 134.7 |  |  | $ | 6,936.7 |  |  | $ | (27.0) |  |  | $ | (2,067.6) |  |  | $ | 4,842.1 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3.0) |  |  | (3.0) |
Other comprehensive income | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 20.7 |
Restricted stock plan | 1.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation for restricted stock | — |  |  | 24.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 24.9 |
Cash dividends, $0.27 per share | — |  |  | (36.2) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (36.2) |
Shares withheld for payment of employees' withholding tax liability | (0.4) |  |  | (14.6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14.6) |
Balance at April 1, 2023 | 135.3 |  |  | $ | 6,910.8 |  |  | $ | (6.3) |  |  | $ | (2,070.6) |  |  | $ | 4,833.9 |

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(unaudited)

| Three Months Ended
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022
Cash Flows From (For) Operating Activities |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (3.0) |  |  | $ | (2.4) |
Adjustments to derive cash flows: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 88.7 |  |  | 69.5 |
Share-based compensation | 24.9 |  |  | 26.3 |
Restructuring charges | 3.4 |  |  | 3.6 |
Loss on sale of business | — |  |  | 1.4 |
Amortization of debt discount (premium) | 0.7 |  |  | (0.2) |
Gain on sale of assets | (3.9) |  |  | (5.8) |
Deferred income taxes | (9.9) |  |  | 5.1 |
Other non-cash adjustments, net | 6.4 |  |  | (17.5) |
Subtotal | 107.3 |  |  | 80.0 |
Increase (decrease) in cash due to: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (39.8) |  |  | (38.1) |
Inventories | (28.6) |  |  | (10.5) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 17.1 |  |  | 8.1 |
Accounts payable | (29.8) |  |  | 72.6 |
Payroll and related taxes | (34.3) |  |  | (31.8) |
Accrued customer programs | 6.8 |  |  | 8.9 |
Accrued liabilities | 8.0 |  |  | 23.7 |
Accrued income taxes | 2.5 |  |  | (33.9) |
Other, net | 10.2 |  |  | 0.1 |
Subtotal | (87.9) |  |  | (0.9) |
Net cash from (for) operating activities | 19.4 |  |  | 79.1 |
Cash Flows From (For) Investing Activities |  |  |
Additions to property, plant and equipment | (23.2) |  |  | (20.3) |
Net proceeds from sale of businesses | — |  |  | 58.7 |
Proceeds from sale of assets | 1.8 |  |  | 22.9 |
Proceeds from royalty rights | 1.8 |  |  | 1.4 |
Net cash from (for) investing activities | (19.6) |  |  | 62.7 |
Cash Flows From (For) Financing Activities |  |  |
Borrowings (repayments) of revolving credit agreements and other financing, net | (5.9) |  |  | — |
Cash dividends | (36.2) |  |  | (34.2) |
Other financing, net | (8.6) |  |  | (17.7) |
Net cash from (for) financing activities | (50.7) |  |  | (51.9) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 3.2 |  |  | (3.7) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (47.7) |  |  | 86.2 |
Cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations, beginning of period | 600.7 |  |  | 1,864.9 |
Cash and cash equivalents held for sale, beginning of period | — |  |  | 14.4 |
Less cash and cash equivalents held for sale, end of period | — |  |  | — |
Cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations, end of period | $ | 553.0 |  |  | $ | 1,965.5 |

See accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
8

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 1
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
General Information
Perrigo Company plc was incorporated under the laws of Ireland on June 28, 2013 and became the successor registrant of Perrigo Company, a Michigan corporation, on December 18, 2013 in connection with the acquisition of Elan Corporation, plc ("Elan"). Unless the context requires otherwise, the terms "Perrigo," the "Company," "we," "our," "us," and similar pronouns used herein refer to Perrigo Company plc, its subsidiaries, and all predecessors of Perrigo Company plc and its subsidiaries.
We are a leading provider of over-the-counter ("OTC") health and wellness solutions that are designed to enhance individual well-being and empower consumers to proactively prevent or treat conditions that can be self-managed. Our vision is t o make lives better by bringing Quality, Affordable Self-Care Products that consumers trust everywhere they are sold. We are headquartered in Ireland and sell our products primarily in North America and Europe as well as in other markets around the world.
Basis of Presentation
Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been included and include our accounts and accounts of all majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Some amounts in this report may not add due to rounding.
Segment Reporting
Our reporting and operating segments are as follows:
•Consumer Self-Care Americas ("CSCA") comprises our consumer self-care business in the U.S. and Canada. CSCA previously included our Latin American businesses until they were disposed on March 9, 2022.
•Consumer Self-Care International ("CSCI") comprises our consumer self-care business outside of the U.S. and Canada, primarily in Europe and Australia.
We previously had an Rx segment which was comprised of our generic prescription pharmaceuticals business in the U.S., and other pharmaceuticals and diagnostic business in Israel, which have been divested. Following the divestiture, there were no substantial assets or operations left in this segment. The Rx segment was reported as Discontinued Operations in 2021, and is presented as such for all periods in this report (refer to Note 4).
Our segments reflect the way in which our chief operating decision maker, who is our CEO, makes operating decisions, allocates resources and manages the growth and profitability of the Company. Financial information related to our business segments and geographic locations can be found in Note 2 and Note 17.
Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions
We translate our non-U.S. dollar-denominated operations’ assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars at current rates of exchange as of the balance sheet date and income and expense items at the average exchange rate for the reporting period. Translation adjustments resulting from exchange rate fluctuations are recorded in the cumulative translation account, a component of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"). Gains or losses from foreign currency transactions are included in Other (income) expense, net.
9

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 1
Allowance for Credit Losses
Expected credit losses on trade receivables and contract assets are measured collectively by geographic location. Historical credit loss experience provides the primary basis for estimation of expected credit losses and is adjusted for current conditions and for reasonable and supportable forecasts. Receivables that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis and are not included in the collective evaluation. The following table presents the allowance for credit losses activity (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 6.8 |  |  | $ | 7.2 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for credit losses, net | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  |  |  |
Receivables written-off | (0.3) |  |  | (0.8) |  |  |  |  |
Currency translation adjustment | 0.6 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  |  |
Balance at end of period | $ | 7.1 |  |  | $ | 7.1 |  |  |  |  |

NOTE 2 - REVENUE RECOGNITION
The following is a summary of our net sales by category(1) (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
CSCA |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Upper Respiratory | $ | 154.3 |  |  | $ | 152.8 |  |  |  |  |
Nutrition | 139.9 |  |  | 127.2 |  |  |  |  |
Digestive Health | 124.2 |  |  | 118.6 |  |  |  |  |
Pain and Sleep-Aids | 103.5 |  |  | 102.9 |  |  |  |  |
Oral Care | 84.4 |  |  | 70.4 |  |  |  |  |
Healthy Lifestyle | 73.4 |  |  | 67.6 |  |  |  |  |
Skin Care | 52.3 |  |  | 40.9 |  |  |  |  |
Women's Health | 11.9 |  |  | 8.2 |  |  |  |  |
Vitamins, Minerals, and Supplements ("VMS") | 4.0 |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  |  |
Other CSCA(2) | 15.8 |  |  | 13.7 |  |  |  |  |
Total CSCA | 763.7 |  |  | 710.0 |  |  |  |  |
CSCI |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Upper Respiratory | 84.8 |  |  | 66.5 |  |  |  |  |
Skin Care | 83.4 |  |  | 73.9 |  |  |  |  |
Healthy Lifestyle | 66.4 |  |  | 58.9 |  |  |  |  |
Pain and Sleep-Aids | 49.9 |  |  | 54.0 |  |  |  |  |
VMS | 47.8 |  |  | 49.5 |  |  |  |  |
Women's Health | 29.1 |  |  | 13.7 |  |  |  |  |
Oral Care | 29.1 |  |  | 28.9 |  |  |  |  |
Digestive Health | 8.8 |  |  | 9.2 |  |  |  |  |
Other CSCI(3) | 18.8 |  |  | 9.9 |  |  |  |  |
Total CSCI | 418.1 |  |  | 364.5 |  |  |  |  |
Total net sales | $ | 1,181.7 |  |  | $ | 1,074.5 |  |  |  |  |

(1) We updated our global reporting product categories as a result of our product portfolio reconfiguration. These product categories have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the changes and have no impact on historical financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
(2) Consists primarily of product sales and royalty income related to supply and distribution agreements and other miscellaneous or otherwise uncategorized product lines and markets, none of which is greater than 10% of the segment net sales.
10

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 2
(3) Consists primarily of our rare diseases business and other miscellaneous or otherwise uncategorized product lines, none of which is greater
than 10% of the segment net sales.
While the majority of revenue is recognized at a point in time, certain of our product revenue is recognized over time. Customer contracts recognized over time exist predominately in contract manufacturing arrangements, which occur in both the CSCA and CSCI segments. Contract manufacturing revenue was $90.0 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023, and $70.8 million for the three months ended April 2, 2022.
We also recognize a portion of the store brand OTC product revenues in the CSCA segment on an over time basis; however, the timing difference between over time and point in time revenue recognition for store brand contracts is not significant due to the short time period between the customization of the product and shipment or delivery.
The following table provides information about contract assets from contracts with customers (in millions):

| Balance Sheet Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Short-term contract assets | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | 31.7 |  |  | $ | 41.5 |

We generated net sales in the following geographic locations(1) (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
U.S. | $ | 750.0 |  |  | $ | 683.1 |  |  |  |  |
Europe(2) | 407.3 |  |  | 351.7 |  |  |  |  |
All other countries(3) | 24.4 |  |  | 39.7 |  |  |  |  |
Total net sales | $ | 1,181.7 |  |  | $ | 1,074.5 |  |  |  |  |

(1) The net sales by geography are derived from the location of the entity that sells to a third party.
(2) Includes Ireland net sales of $7.3 million and $6.6 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively.
(3) Includes net sales generated primarily in Australia and Canada.
NOTE 3 - ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
Acquisitions During the Year Ended December 31, 2022
Héra SAS ("HRA Pharma")
On April 29, 2022, we completed the previously announced acquisition of 100% of the outstanding equity interest in HRA Pharma for total consideration of €1.8 billion, or approximately $1.9 billion. We funded the transaction with cash on hand and borrowings under our New Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined in Note 11). The acquisition of HRA Pharma was accounted for as a business combination and has been reported in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as of the acquisition date.
HRA Pharma is a self-care based company with consumer brands such as Compeed®, ellaOne® and Mederma®, as well as a trusted rare disease portfolio. The acquisition completed our transformation to a consumer self-care company. HRA Pharma’s operations are reported in both our CSCA and CSCI segments.
We recorded the preliminary purchase price allocation in the second quarter of 2022. During the first quarter of 2023, we recorded measurement period adjustments resulting in an increase to goodwill of $80.6 million, which consisted of a $104.3 million decrease in definite-lived intangibles, $27.2 million decrease in net Deferred income tax liabilities, a net increase of $2.0 million to other non-current liabilities, and a $1.5 million decrease in Prepaid expenses and other current assets. Current period earnings adjustments of $3.5 million to Cost of sales were recorded that would have been recognized during the year-ended December 31, 2022, if the measurement period adjustments to the provisional opening balance sheet were reflected as of the acquisition date.
Nestlé’s Gateway Infant Formula Plant and GoodStart® infant formula brand Acquisition
On November 1, 2022, we purchased Nestlé’s Gateway infant formula plant in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, along with the U.S. and Canadian rights to the GoodStart® infant formula brand ("Gateway"), for $110.0 million in cash, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and operating results attributable to the products are included in our CSCA segment in the Nutrition product category.
11

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 3
We are in the process of finalizing the valuation for the assets acquired. As a result, the initial accounting for the acquisition is incomplete. The provisional acquisition amounts recognized for assets acquired will be finalized as soon as possible but no later than one year from the acquisition date. The final determination may result in asset fair values and tax bases that differ from the preliminary estimates and require changes to the preliminary amounts recognized.
Pro Forma Impact of Business Combinations
The following table presents unaudited pro forma information as if the HRA Pharma and Gateway acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2021 and had been combined with the results reported in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended April 2, 2022 (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  |
(Unaudited) | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 1,209.3 |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 10.8 |  |  |  |  |

The unaudited pro forma information is presented for information purposes only and is not indicative of the results that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place at such time. The unaudited pro forma information presented above includes adjustments primarily for amortization charges for acquired intangible assets, depreciation of property, plant and equipment that have been revalued, certain acquisition-related charges, and related tax effects.
Divestitures During the Year Ended December 31, 2022
Latin American businesses
On March 9, 2022, we completed the sale of our Mexico and Brazil-based OTC businesses ("Latin American businesses"), both within our CSCA segment, to Advent International for total consideration of $23.9 million, consisting of $5.4 million in cash, installment receivables due 12 and 18 months from completion totaling $11.3 million based on the Mexican peso exchange rate at the time of sale, and contingent consideration of $7.2 million based on the Brazilian real exchange rate at the time of sale. The sale resulted in a pre-tax loss of $1.4 million, net of professional fees, recorded in Other operating expense, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
ScarAway®
On March 24, 2022, we completed the sale of the ScarAway® brand asset, a leading U.S. OTC scar management brand, to Alliance Pharmaceuticals Ltd. for cash consideration of $20.7 million. The sale resulted in a pre-tax gain of $3.6 million recorded in our CSCA segment in Other operating expense, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
NOTE 4 - DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Our discontinued operations consist of our generic prescription pharmaceuticals business in the U.S. and our pharmaceuticals and diagnostic businesses in Israel (collectively, the “Rx business”).
On July 6, 2021, we completed the sale of the Rx business to Altaris Capital Partners, LLC ("Altaris") for aggregate consideration of $1.55 billion. The consideration included a $53.3 million reimbursement related to an Abbreviated New Drug Application (“ANDA") for a generic topical lotion which Altaris delivered in cash to Perrigo pursuant to the terms of the definitive agreement during the three months ended April 2, 2022.
Under the terms of a transition services agreement ("TSA"), we provided transition services which were substantially completed as of the end of the third quarter of 2022. We also entered into reciprocal supply agreements pursuant to which Perrigo will supply certain products to the Rx business and the Rx business will supply certain products to Perrigo. The supply agreements have a term of four years, extendable up to seven years by the party who is the purchaser of the products under such agreement. We also extended distribution rights to the Rx business for certain OTC products owned and manufactured by Perrigo that may be fulfilled through pharmacy channels, in return for a share of the net profits.
12

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 4
In connection with the sale, Perrigo retained certain pre-closing liabilities arising out of antitrust (refer to Note 16 - Contingencies under the header "Price-Fixing Lawsuits") and opioid matters and the Company’s Albuterol recall, subject to, in each case, Altaris' obligation to indemnify the Company for fifty percent of these liabilities up to an aggregate cap on Altaris' obligation of $50.0 million. We have not requested payments from Altaris related to the indemnity of these liabilities during the three months ended April 1, 2023.
Current and prior period reported net loss from discontinued operations primarily relates to legal fees, partially offset by an income tax benefit.
NOTE 5 - INVENTORIES
Major components of inventory were as follows (in millions):

| April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Finished goods | $ | 674.7 |  |  | $ | 620.3 |
Work in process | 251.1 |  |  | 262.2 |
Raw materials | 257.2 |  |  | 267.8 |
Total inventories | $ | 1,183.0 |  |  | $ | 1,150.3 |

NOTE 6 - INVESTMENTS
The following table summarizes the measurement category, balance sheet location, and balances of our equity securities (in millions):

Measurement Category |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Fair value method |  | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Fair value method(1) |  | Other non-current assets |  | $ | 1.7 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |
Equity method |  | Other non-current assets |  | $ | 62.7 |  |  | $ | 63.4 |

(1) Measured at fair value using the Net Asset Value practical expedient.
The following table summarizes the expense recognized in earnings of our equity securities (in millions):

|  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |
Measurement Category |  | Income Statement Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Fair value method |  | Other expense (income), net |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  |  |  |
Equity method |  | Other expense (income), net |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  |  |  |

13

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 7
NOTE 7 - LEASES
The balance sheet locations of our lease assets and liabilities were as follows (in millions):

Assets |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Operating |  | Operating lease assets |  | $ | 211.7 |  |  | $ | 217.1 |
Finance |  | Other non-current assets |  | 21.0 |  |  | 22.0 |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 232.7 |  |  | $ | 239.1 |

Liabilities |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Current |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating |  | Other accrued liabilities |  | $ | 28.3 |  |  | $ | 28.4 |
Finance |  | Current indebtedness |  | 2.8 |  |  | 3.3 |
Non-Current |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating |  | Other non-current liabilities |  | 184.7 |  |  | 189.5 |
Finance |  | Long-term debt, less current portion |  | 16.9 |  |  | 17.4 |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 232.7 |  |  | $ | 238.6 |

The below tables show our lease assets and liabilities by reporting segment (in millions):

|  | Assets |  |
|  | Operating |  | Financing |  |  |  |
|  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CSCA |  | $ | 97.9 |  |  | $ | 100.5 |  |  | $ | 13.5 |  |  | $ | 13.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CSCI |  | 48.4 |  |  | 49.5 |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | 6.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unallocated |  | 65.4 |  |  | 67.1 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 211.7 |  |  | $ | 217.1 |  |  | $ | 21.0 |  |  | $ | 22.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

|  | Liabilities
|  | Operating |  | Financing
|  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
CSCA |  | $ | 99.4 |  |  | $ | 102.2 |  |  | $ | 14.6 |  |  | $ | 14.9 |
CSCI |  | 51.0 |  |  | 51.7 |  |  | 4.0 |  |  | 4.1 |
Unallocated |  | 62.6 |  |  | 64.0 |  |  | 1.1 |  |  | 1.7 |
Total |  | $ | 213.0 |  |  | $ | 217.9 |  |  | $ | 19.7 |  |  | $ | 20.7 |

Lease expense was as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
|  | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Operating leases(1) |  | $ | 12.0 |  |  | $ | 9.7 |  |  |  |  |
Finance leases |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  |  |  |
Interest |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  |  |
Total finance leases |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |  |  |  |  |

(1) Includes short-term leases and variable lease costs, which are immaterial.
14

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 7
The annual future maturities of our leases as of April 1, 2023 are as follows (in millions):

|  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases |  | Total
2023 |  | $ | 24.7 |  |  | $ | 2.7 |  |  | $ | 27.4 |
2024 |  | 29.5 |  |  | 2.4 |  |  | 31.9 |
2025 |  | 27.6 |  |  | 2.2 |  |  | 29.8 |
2026 |  | 22.4 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 24.4 |
2027 |  | 21.7 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 23.7 |
After 2027 |  | 117.9 |  |  | 11.6 |  |  | 129.5 |
Total lease payments |  | 243.8 |  |  | 22.9 |  |  | 266.7 |
Less: Interest |  | 30.8 |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | 34.0 |
Present value of lease liabilities |  | $ | 213.0 |  |  | $ | 19.7 |  |  | $ | 232.7 |

Our weighted average lease terms and discount rates are as follows:

|  | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  | 10.85 |  | 12.09
Finance leases |  | 9.49 |  | 9.28
Weighted-average discount rate |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  | 2.5 | % |  | 2.6 | %
Finance leases |  | 3.0 | % |  | 2.8 | %

Our lease cash flow classifications are as follows (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows for operating leases |  | $ | 9.0 |  |  | $ | 8.5 |
Operating cash flows for finance leases |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |
Financing cash flows for finance leases |  | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 1.3 |
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 1.4 |  |  | $ | 31.6 |

NOTE 8 - GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, by reportable segment, were as follows (in millions):

|  | December 31, 2022 |  | Purchase accounting adjustments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Currency translation adjustments |  | April 1, 2023
CSCA(1) |  | $ | 2,044.4 |  |  | $ | 35.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,079.6 |
CSCI(2) |  | 1,446.0 |  |  | 45.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20.2 |  |  | 1,511.6 |
Total goodwill |  | $ | 3,490.4 |  |  | $ | 80.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 20.2 |  |  | $ | 3,591.2 |

(1) We had accumulated goodwill impairments of $6.1 million as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
(2) We had accumulated goodwill impairments of $878.4 million as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
15

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 8
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets and related accumulated amortization consisted of the following (in millions):

| April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |  |
| Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Gross |  | Accumulated Amortization |  |  |  |
Indefinite-lived intangibles:(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trademarks, trade names, and brands | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
In-process research and development | 56.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 55.4 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total indefinite-lived intangibles | $ | 59.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 58.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Definite-lived intangibles: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Distribution and license agreements and supply agreements | $ | 95.1 |  |  | $ | 59.2 |  |  | $ | 94.9 |  |  | $ | 58.1 |  |  |  |  |
Developed product technology, formulations, and product rights | 474.9 |  |  | 218.2 |  |  | 484.8 |  |  | 211.8 |  |  |  |  |
Customer relationships and distribution networks | 1,844.7 |  |  | 1,006.8 |  |  | 1,825.1 |  |  | 965.9 |  |  |  |  |
Trademarks, trade names, and brands | 2,462.4 |  |  | 509.0 |  |  | 2,542.2 |  |  | 481.0 |  |  |  |  |
Non-compete agreements | 2.0 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  |  |  |
Total definite-lived intangibles | $ | 4,879.1 |  |  | $ | 1,795.2 |  |  | $ | 4,949.0 |  |  | $ | 1,718.8 |  |  |  |  |
Total intangible assets | $ | 4,938.3 |  |  | $ | 1,795.2 |  |  | $ | 5,007.6 |  |  | $ | 1,718.8 |  |  |  |  |

(1) Certain intangible assets are denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollar; therefore, their gross and net carrying values are subject to foreign currency movements.
We recorded amortization expense of $65.4 million and $48.5 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022, respectively.
NOTE 9 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The table below summarizes the valuation of our financial instruments carried at fair value by the applicable pricing categories (in millions):

|  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
|  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  | — |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4.2 |  |  | — |
Interest rate swap agreements |  | — |  |  | 24.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 50.5 |  |  | — |
Total assets |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 28.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 54.7 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross-currency swap |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 111.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 96.1 |  |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  | — |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5.2 |  |  | — |
Total liabilities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 114.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 101.3 |  |  | $ | — |

There were no transfers within Level 3 fair value measurements during the three months ended April 1, 2023 or the
year ended December 31, 2022.
Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements
The non-recurring fair values represent only those assets whose carrying values were adjusted to fair value during the reporting period.
16

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 9
Fixed Rate Long-term Debt
Our fixed rate long-term debt consisted of the following (in millions):

| April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
| Level 1 |  |  |  | Level 1 |  |
Public Bonds |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Carrying value (excluding discount) | $ | 2,544.4 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,544.4 |  |  |
Fair value | $ | 2,315.0 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,225.4 |  |  |

The fair values of our public bonds for all periods were based on quoted market prices. The fair values of our private placement note for all periods were based on interest rates offered for borrowings of a similar nature and remaining maturities.
The carrying amounts of our other financial instruments, consisting of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, short-term debt, revolving credit agreements, and variable rate long-term debt, approximate their fair value.
NOTE 10 - DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Foreign Currency Option Contracts
In September 2021, to economically hedge the foreign currency exposure associated with the planned payment of the euro-denominated purchase price for HRA Pharma, we entered into two non-designated currency option contracts with a total notional amount of $1.1 billion that were scheduled to mature in September 2022. In April 2022, due to market conditions, we unwound the two options and entered into two new undesignated options to economically hedge the purchase price for HRA Pharma for a total notional amount of $2.0 billion. All premiums associated with the HRA Pharma related currency options were settled in April 2022 for $37.1 million. Within Other (income) expense we recorded a $3.5 million loss for the three months ended April 2, 2022.
Interest Rate Swaps
In April 2022, to economically hedge the interest rate risk of the New Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined in Note 11), we entered into five variable-to-fixed interest rate swap agreements. Three of the interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges to fix the interest rate on a substantial portion of the 2022 Term Loan B Facility (as defined in Note 11). The interest rate swaps cover an interest period ranging from June 1, 2022, through April 1, 2029, on notional balances that decline from $1.0 billion to $812.5 million over the term. The other two interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges to fix the interest rate on a substantial portion of the 2022 Term Loan A Facility (as defined in Note 11). The interest rate swaps cover an interest period ranging from June 1, 2022, through April 1, 2027, on notional balances that decline from $487.5 million to $387.5 million over the term.
As a designated cash flow hedge, gains and losses will be deferred in AOCI and recognized within Interest expense, net when interest is paid on the New Senior Secured Credit Facilities.
Cross-currency Swaps
In April 2022, we entered into three fixed-for-fixed cross currency interest rate swaps designated as net investment hedge to hedge the EUR currency exposure of our investment in European operations. In October 2022, we replaced those swaps by entering into three fixed-for-fixed cross currency interest rate swaps at market rates and designated the instruments as net investment hedges on our investment in European operations. The following are the terms and notional amounts outstanding:
•$700 million notional amount outstanding from October 25, 2022 through December 15, 2024;
•$700 million notional amount outstanding from October 25, 2022 through March 15, 2026; and
•$100 million notional amount outstanding from October 25, 2022 through June 15, 2030.
17

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 10
Foreign Currency Forwards
Notional amounts of foreign currency forward contracts were as follows (in millions):

|  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
British Pound (GBP) |  | $ | 213.1 |  |  | $ | 224.9 |
European Euro (EUR) |  | 65.8 |  |  | 61.7 |
Swedish Krona (SEK) |  | 65.6 |  |  | 56.9 |
United States Dollar (USD) |  | 54.8 |  |  | 51.7 |
Chinese Yuan (CNH) |  | 26.5 |  |  | 34.4 |
Danish Krone (DKK) |  | 26.3 |  |  | 51.7 |
Canadian Dollar (CAD) |  | 19.7 |  |  | 24.9 |
Mexican Peso (MXN) |  | 19.4 |  |  | 13.3 |
Hungarian Forint (HUF) |  | 15.8 |  |  | 10.6 |
Polish Zloty (PLZ) |  | 15.7 |  |  | 25.2 |
Norwegian Krone (NOK) |  | 10.5 |  |  | 12.4 |
Other (1) |  | 26.3 |  |  | 25.9 |
Total |  | $ | 559.5 |  |  | $ | 593.6 |

(1) Number consists of various currencies notional amounts, none of which individually exceed $10 million in either period presented.
The maximum term of our forward currency exchange contracts is 60 months.
Effects of Derivatives on the Financial Statements
The below tables indicate the effects of all derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. All amounts exclude income tax effects. The balance sheet location and gross fair value of our derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):

| Balance Sheet Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Designated derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |
Interest rate swap agreements | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | — |  |  | 3.0 |
Foreign currency forward contracts | Other non-current assets |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.7 |
Interest rate swap agreements | Other non-current assets |  | 24.9 |  |  | 47.5 |
Total designated derivative assets |  |  | $ | 27.2 |  |  | $ | 52.3 |
Non-designated derivative assets: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts | Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 2.4 |
Total non-designated derivative assets |  |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 2.4 |
Designated derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts | Other accrued liabilities |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | 4.2 |
Cross-currency swap | Other accrued liabilities |  | 111.3 |  |  | 96.1 |
Total designated derivative liabilities |  |  | $ | 113.6 |  |  | $ | 100.3 |
Non-designated derivative liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts | Other accrued liabilities |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |

18

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 10
The amounts of (income)/expense recognized in earnings related to our non-designated derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows (in millions):

|  |  |  | Three months ended |  |
Non-Designated Derivatives |  | Income Statement Location |  | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  | Other expense (income), net |  | $ | (1.2) |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  |  |  |
|  | Interest expense, net |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | $ | (1.8) |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency options |  | Other expense (income), net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.5 |  |  |  |  |

The following tables summarize the effect of derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments in AOCI (in millions):

|  | Gain/(Loss)
|  |  |  | Reclassified from AOCI into Earnings |  | Related to Amounts Excluded from Effectiveness Testing
|  | Amount Recorded in OCI(1) |  | Classification |  | Amount |  | Classification |  | Amount Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives
Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreements |  | $ | 24.9 |  |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  | (6.7) |  |  | Net sales |  | 0.4 |  |  | Net sales |  | — |
|  |  |  | Cost of sales |  | (0.2) |  |  | Cost of sales |  | — |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other (income) expense, net |  | 0.1 |
Total Cash flow hedges |  | $ | 18.2 |  |  |  |  | $ | 3.1 |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Net investment hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross-currency swap |  | $ | (23.7) |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | (6.5) |
Three Months Ended April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap agreements |  | $ | — |  |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  | $ | (7.2) |  |  | Net sales |  | 0.3 |  |  | Net sales |  | $ | — |
|  |  |  | Cost of sales |  | (0.4) |  |  | Cost of sales |  | $ | 0.1 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other expense (income), net |  | $ | 0.1 |
Total Cash flow hedges |  | $ | (7.2) |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.6) |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.2 |
Net investment hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross-currency swap |  | $ | (4.6) |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest expense, net |  | $ | (0.5) |

(1) Net loss of $1.6 million is expected to be reclassified out of AOCI into earnings during the next 12 months.
19

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 10
The classification and amount of gain/(loss) recognized in earnings on fair value and hedging relationships were as follows (in millions):

|  | Net Sales |  | Cost of Sales |  | Interest Expense, net |  | Other (Income) Expense, net
Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded |  | $ | 1,181.7 |  |  | $ | 767.9 |  |  | $ | 43.7 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from AOCI into earnings |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | (0.2) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized using a systematic and rational amortization approach |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Interest rate swap agreements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from AOCI into earnings |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | — |
Three Months Ended April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total amounts of income and expense line items presented on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded |  | $ | 1,074.5 |  |  | $ | 736.7 |  |  | $ | 35.8 |  |  | $ | (1.1) |
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forward contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from AOCI into earnings |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | (0.4) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized using a systematic and rational amortization approach |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Interest rate swap agreements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from AOCI into earnings |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | — |

20

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 11
NOTE 11 - INDEBTEDNESS
Total borrowings are summarized as follows (in millions):

|  |  |  |  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Term loan |  |  |  |  |
| 2022 Term loan A due April 20, 2027 |  |  | 490.6 |  |  | 493.8 |
| 2022 Term loan B due April 20, 2029 |  |  | 1,091.8 |  |  | 1,094.5 |
| Total term loans |  |  | 1,582.4 |  |  | 1,588.3 |
Notes and Bonds |  |  |  |  |
| Coupon | Due |  |  |  |  |
| 3.900% | December 15, 2024 |  |  | 700.0 |  |  | 700.0 |
| 4.375% | March 15, 2026 |  |  | 700.0 |  |  | 700.0 |
| 4.400% | June 15, 2030(1) |  |  | 750.0 |  |  | 750.0 |
| 5.300% | November 15, 2043 |  |  | 90.5 |  |  | 90.5 |
| 4.900% | December 15, 2044 |  |  | 303.9 |  |  | 303.9 |
| Total notes and bonds |  |  | 2,544.4 |  |  | 2,544.4 |
Other financing | 19.4 |  |  | 20.6 |
Unamortized premium (discount), net | (15.3) |  |  | (15.9) |
Deferred financing fees | (29.3) |  |  | (30.8) |
Total borrowings outstanding | 4,101.6 |  |  | 4,106.6 |
| Current indebtedness | (38.8) |  |  | (36.2) |
Total long-term debt less current portion | $ | 4,062.8 |  |  | $ | 4,070.4 |

(1) The coupon rate noted above is as of April 1, 2023, this will increase from 4.400% to 4.650% on payments starting after June 15, 2023, following a credit rating downgrade by Moody's in the first quarter of 2023. Future interest rate adjustments are subject to a 2.0% total cap above the original 3.150% interest rate based on certain rating events as specified in the Note’s Supplemental Indenture No. 3, dated as of June 19, 2020, among Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company, Perrigo Company plc and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee.
Credit Agreements
On April 20, 2022, we and our wholly owned subsidiary, Perrigo Investments, LLC, entered into new senior secured credit facilities consisting of (i) a $1.0 billion five-year revolving credit facility (the “2022 Revolver”), (ii) a $500 million five-year Term Loan A facility (the “2022 Term Loan A Facility”), and (iii) a $1.1 billion seven-year Term Loan B facility (the “2022 Term Loan B Facility” and, together with the 2022 Revolver and 2022 Term Loan A Facility, the “New Senior Secured Credit Facilities”), pursuant to a new Term Loan and Revolving Credit Agreement. The New Senior Secured Credit Facilities are guaranteed, along with any hedging or cash management obligations entered into with a lender, by us and certain of our direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries organized in the United States, Ireland, Belgium and England and Wales (subject to certain exceptions) (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”). The Guarantor Subsidiaries and Perrigo Investments, LLC provide full and unconditional guarantees, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, of the 5.300% Notes due 2043 issued by the Company, and the Guarantor Subsidiaries, Perrigo Investments, LLC and the Company provide full and unconditional guarantees, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, of the 3.900% Notes due 2024, the 4.375% Notes due 2026, the 4.400% Notes due 2030 and the 4.900% Notes due 2044 issued by Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company.
The Credit Agreement also contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants applicable to the Borrower and its restricted subsidiaries, including, among other things, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers, dispositions, prepayment of junior indebtedness and dividends and other distributions. The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants that require the Borrower and its restricted subsidiaries to (a) not exceed a maximum first lien secured net leverage ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 at the end of each fiscal quarter and (b) not fall below a minimum interest coverage ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 at the end of each fiscal quarter, provided that such covenants apply only to the 2022 Revolver and the 2022 Term Loan A Facility. If we consummate certain qualifying acquisitions during the term of the loan, the maximum first lien secured net leverage ratio covenant would increase to 3.25 to 1.00 for such quarter and the three following fiscal quarters thereafter. The Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, failure to make payments, breach of covenants and breach of representations.
21

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 11
During the three months ended April 1, 2023, principal repayments o f $5.9 million were made on the 2022 Term Loan A Facility and 2022 Term Loan B Facility.
There we re no borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Revolver as of April 1, 2023 or December 31, 2022, respectively.
We are in compliance with all the covenants under our debt agreements as of April 1, 2023.
Other Financing
We have overdraft facilities available that we use to support our cash management operations. We report any balances outstanding under such facilities in the above table under "Other financing". Th ere were no borrowings o utstanding under the overdraft facilities as of April 1, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
We have financing leases that are reported in the above table under "Other financing" (refer to Note 7).
NOTE 12 - EARNINGS PER SHARE AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Earnings per Share
A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in our basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") calculation is as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (1.1) |  |  | $ | (1.3) |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | (1.9) |  |  | (1.1) |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | (3.0) |  |  | $ | (2.4) |  |  |  |  |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS | 134.9 |  |  | 134.0 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted EPS (1) | 134.9 |  |  | 134.0 |  |  |  |  |
Anti-dilutive share-based awards excluded from computation of diluted EPS(1) | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |

(1) In the period of a net loss from continuing operations, diluted shares equal basic shares.
Shareholders' Equity
In October 2018, our Board of Directors authorized up to $1.0 billion of share repurchases with no expiration date, subject to the Board of Directors’ approval of the pricing parameters and amount that may be repurchased under each specific share repurchase program (the "2018 Authorization"). We did not repurchase any shares during the three months ended April 1, 2023 or April 2, 2022.
NOTE 13 - ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Changes in our AOCI balances, net of tax were as follows (in millions):

| Fair Value of Derivative Financial Instruments, net of tax |  | Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments |  |  |  | Post-Employment Plan Adjustments, net of tax(1) |  | Total AOCI
Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | 24.5 |  |  | $ | (58.6) |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.1 |  |  | $ | (27.0) |
OCI before reclassifications | (28.4) |  |  | 52.7 |  |  |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | 23.8 |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI | (3.1) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (3.1) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (31.5) |  |  | $ | 52.7 |  |  |  |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | 20.7 |
Balance at April 1, 2023 | $ | (7.0) |  |  | $ | (5.9) |  |  |  |  | $ | 6.6 |  |  | $ | (6.3) |

22

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 14
NOTE 14 - RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
We periodically take action to reduce redundant expenses and improve operating efficiencies. Restructuring activity includes severance, lease exit costs, and related consulting fees. The following reflects our restructuring activity (in millions):

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
| Supply Chain Reinvention | HRA Pharma Integration | Other Initiatives | Total |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | $ | 2.2 |  | $ | 13.3 |  | $ | 4.3 |  | $ | 19.8 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Additional charges | 2.6 |  | 0.8 |  | $ | — |  | 3.4 |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payments | (4.4) |  | (2.6) |  | $ | (1.0) |  | (8.0) |  |  | (2.1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-cash adjustments | — |  | 0.3 |  | $ | 0.1 |  | 0.4 |  |  | (0.2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | $ | 0.4 |  | $ | 11.8 |  | $ | 3.4 |  | $ | 15.6 |  |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The charges incurred during the three months ended April 1, 2023 and April 2, 2022 were primarily associated with actions taken on our multi-year supply chain restructuring program initiative started in 2022, and HRA Pharma integration activities associated with employee separation, continuity and other benefit-related costs. We have incurred $13.5 million of cumulative restructuring expense to date related to HRA Pharma integration. We expect that most of the HRA Pharma integration expenses will be incurred by the end of 2023.
Of the amount recorded during the three months ended April 1, 2023, $0.9 million was related to our CSCI segment, due primarily to supply chain restructuring and HRA Pharma integration initiatives, and $1.2 million related to our CSCA segment, also due primarily to supply chain restructuring initiatives. Remaining amounts recorded, including $3.6 million recorded during the three months ended April 2, 2022, related to our Unallocated segment due primarily to supply chain restructuring.
There were no other material restructuring programs for the periods presented. All charges are recorded in Restructuring expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The remaining $15.6 million liability for employee severance benefits and consulting fees is expected to be paid within the next year.
NOTE 15 - INCOME TAXES
The effective tax rates were as follows:

Three Months Ended |  |
April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
123.8 | % |  | 90.2 | % |  |  |  |

The effective tax rate on the pre-tax income for the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased compared to the effective tax rate on the pre-tax loss for the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to the tax benefit of the loss on sale of our Latin American businesses recognized in the three months ended April 2, 2022, offset by changes in the jurisdictional mix of earnings in the three months ended April 1, 2023. The effective tax rate for this period differs from the statutory income tax rate of 12.5% primarily due to non-deductible expenses, as well as changes in our reserves for unrecognized tax benefits.
Internal Revenue Service Audits of Perrigo Company, a U.S. Subsidiary
Perrigo Company, our U.S. subsidiary ("Perrigo U.S."), is engaged in a series of tax disputes in the U.S. relating primarily to transfer pricing adjustments including income in connection with the purchase, distribution, and sale of store-brand OTC pharmaceutical products in the United States, including the generic heartburn medication omeprazole. On August 27, 2014, we received a statutory notice of deficiency from the IRS relating to our fiscal tax years ended June 27, 2009, and June 26, 2010 (the “2009 tax year” and “2010 tax year”, respectively). On April 20, 2017, we received a statutory notice of deficiency from the IRS for the years ended June 25, 2011 and June 30, 2012 (the “2011 tax year” and “2012 tax year”, respectively). Specifically, both statutory notices proposed adjustments related to the offshore reporting of profits on sales of omeprazole in the United States resulting from
23

Perrigo Company plc - Item 1
Note 15
the assignment of an omeprazole distribution contract to an Israeli affiliate. In addition to the transfer pricing adjustments, which applied to all four tax years, the statutory notice of deficiency for the 2011 and 2012 tax years included adjustments requiring the capitalization and amortization of certain legal expenses that were deducted when paid or incurred in defending against certain patent infringement lawsuits related to ANDAs filed with a Paragraph IV Certification.
We do not agree with the audit adjustments proposed by the IRS in either of the notices of deficiency. We paid the assessed amounts of tax, interest, and penalties set forth in the statutory notices and timely filed claims for refund on June 11, 2015 for the 2009 and 2010 tax years, and on June 7, 2017, for the 2011 and 2012 tax years. On August 15, 2017, following disallowance of such refund claims, we timely filed a complaint in the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan seeking refunds of tax, interest, and penalties of $27.5 million for the 2009 tax year, $41.8 million for the 2010 tax year, $40.1 million for the 2011 tax year, and $24.7 million for the 2012 tax year, for a total of $134.1 million, plus statutory overpayment interest thereon from the dates of payment. The amounts sought in the complaint for the 2009 and 2010 tax years were recorded as deferred charges in Other non-current assets on our balance sheet during the three months ended March 28, 2015, and the amounts sought in the complaint for the 2011 and 2012 tax years were recorded as deferred charges in Other non-current assets on our balance sheet during the three months ended July 1, 2017.
A bench trial was held during the period May 25, 2021 to June 7, 2021 for the refund case in the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan. The total amount of cumulative deferred charge that we are seeking to receive in this litigation is approximately $111.6 million, which reflects the impact of conceding that Perrigo U.S. should have received a 5.24% royalty on all omeprazole sales. That concession was previously paid and is the subject of the above refund claims. The issues outlined in the statutory notices of deficiency described above are continuing in nature, and the IRS will likely carry forward the adjustments set forth therein as long as the drug is sold, in the case of the omeprazole issue, and for all post-2012 Paragraph IV filings that trigger patent infringement suits, in the case of the ANDA issue. Post-trial briefings were completed on September 24, 2021 and the case is now fully submitted for the court’s decision. On April 30, 2021, we filed a Notice of New Authority in our refund case in the Western District of Michigan alerting the court to a United States Tax Court decision in Mylan v. Comm'r that ruled in favor of the taxpayer on nearly identical ANDA issues as we have before the court. On January 28, 2022, the IRS filed a Notice of Appeal with the United States Court of Appeals of the Third Circuit to appeal the United States Tax Court's decision in Mylan v. Comm'r. Briefing to the appellate court was completed during 2022, oral argument was held before the Third Circuit on January 12, 2023, and the case is awaiting decision. On August 22, 2022, the parties filed a Notice of New Authority in the refund case alerting the court to a United States Court of Federal Claims decision in Actavis Laboratories v. United States that also ruled in favor of the taxpayer on the ANDA issues. The government appealed the Actavis Laboratories decision to the United States court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in December of 2022 and briefing to the appellate court is ongoing.
On January 13, 2021, the IRS issued a 30-day letter and Revenue Agent's Report ("RAR") with respect to its audit of our fiscal tax years ended June 29, 2013, June 28, 2014, and June 27, 2015. The 30-day letter proposed, among other modifications, transfer pricing adjustments in connection with the distribution of omeprazole in the aggregate amount of $141.6 million and ANDA-related adjustments in the aggregate amount of $21.9 million. The 30-day letter also set forth adjustments described in the next two paragraphs. We timely filed a protest to the 30-day letter for those additional adjustments but noting that due to the pending refund litigation described above, IRS Appeals would not consider the merits of the omeprazole or ANDA matters. We believe that we should prevail on the merits on both carryforward issues and have reserved for taxes and interest payable on the 5.24% deemed royalty on omeprazole through the tax year ended December 31, 2018. Beginning with the tax year ended December 31, 2019, we began reporting income commensurate with the 5.24% deemed royalty. We have not reserved for the ANDA-related issue described above. While we believe we should prevail on the merits of this case, the outcome remains uncertain. If our litigation position on the omeprazole issue is not sustained, the outcome for the 2009–2012 tax years could range from a reduction in the refund amount to denial of any refund. In addition, we expect that the outcome of the refund litigation could effectively bind future tax years. In that event, an adverse ruling on the omeprazole issue could have a material impact on subsequent periods, with additional tax liability in the range of $24.0 million to $112.0 million, not including interest and any applicable penalties.
The 30-day letter for the 2013-2015 tax years also proposed to reduce Perrigo U.S.'s deductible interest expense for the 2014 tax year and the 2015 tax year on $7.5 billion in certain intercompany debts owed by it to Perrigo Company plc, which is the subject matter of a Notice of Proposed Adjustment, or "NOPA" issued on May 7, 2020. Subsequent to the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we finalized an agreement with IRS Appeals providing for
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settlement of the NOPA. Refer to Note 18 - Subsequent Events for additional details.
In addition, the 30-day letter for the 2013-2015 tax years expanded on a NOPA issued on December 11, 2019 and proposed to disallow reductions to gross sales income on the sale of prescription products to wholesalers for accrued wholesale customer pipeline chargebacks where the prescription products were not re-sold by such wholesalers to covered retailers by the end of the tax year. On December 28, 2022, we finalized an agreement with IRS Appeals providing for settlement of the December 11, 2019 NOPA, which would not only cover the 2013-2015 tax years but all of the remaining tax years through 2021, the last tax year with chargebacks due to the sale of the Rx business in July 2021. We made a settlement payment of $8.3 million in 2022 which was fully covered by reserves for this issue.
On December 2, 2021, the IRS commenced an audit of our federal income tax returns for the tax years ended December 31, 2015, through December 31, 2019.
Internal Revenue Service Audit of Athena Neurosciences, Inc., a U.S. Subsidiary
Subsequent to the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we were notified by the IRS regarding the Competent Authority request filed for the Tysabri royalty issue, which concludes the competent authority process without the need for negotiations between the competent authorities and constitutes a full and final resolution of the April 26, 2019 NOPA received by Athena Neurosciences, Inc. Refer to Note 18 - Subsequent Events. for additional details.
Although we believe that our tax estimates are reasonable and that we prepare our tax filings in accordance with all applicable tax laws, the final determination with respect to any tax audit and any related litigation could be materially different from our estimates or from our historical income tax provisions and accruals. The results of an audit or litigation could have a material effect on operating results and/or cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period earnings may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties, and/or interest assessments.
Based on the final resolution of tax examinations, judicial or administrative proceedings, changes in facts or law, expirations of statute of limitations in specific jurisdictions or other resolutions of, or changes in, tax positions - one or more of which may occur within the next twelve months - it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits for certain tax positions taken on previously filed tax returns may change materially from those recorded as of April 1, 2023. However, we are not able to estimate a reasonably possible range of how these events may impact our unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months.
NOTE 16 - CONTINGENCIES
In view of the inherent difficulties of predicting the outcome of various types of legal proceedings, we cannot determine the ultimate resolution of the matters described below. We establish reserves for litigation and regulatory matters when losses associated with the claims become probable and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. The actual costs of resolving legal matters may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts reserved for those matters. For matters where the likelihood or extent of a loss is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated as of April 1, 2023, we have not recorded a loss reserve. If certain of these matters are determined against us, there could be a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. We currently believe we have valid defenses to the claims in these lawsuits and intend to defend these lawsuits vigorously regardless of whether or not we have a loss reserve. Other than what is disclosed below, we do not expect the outcome of the litigation matters to which we are currently subject to, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Price-Fixing Lawsuits
Beginning in 2013, the Company, along with other manufacturers, has been named as a defendant in lawsuits in the United States and Canada generally alleging anticompetitive conduct with respect to the sale of generic drugs by the Company’s former Rx business. The complaints – which have been filed by putative classes of direct purchasers, end payors, and indirect resellers, as well as individual direct and indirect purchasers and certain cities and counties - allege a conspiracy to fix, maintain, stabilize, and/or raise prices, rig bids, and allocate markets or customers for various generic drugs in violation of federal and state antitrust and consumer protection laws. While most of the complaints involve alleged single-drug conspiracy, the three putative classes have each filed an over-
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arching conspiracy complaint alleging that Perrigo and other manufacturers (and some individuals) entered into an “overarching conspiracy” that involved allocating customers, rigging bids, and raising, maintaining, and fixing prices for various products. The vast majority of the lawsuits described in this paragraph have been consolidated in the generic pricing multidistrict litigation ("MDL") MDL No. 2724 (United States District Court for Eastern District of Pennsylvania).
The Court has ordered that the following cases involving Perrigo will proceed on a more expedited basis (as a bellwether) than the other cases in MDL No. 2724: (i) class actions alleging “single drug” conspiracies involving Clobetasol; and (ii) the State Attorney General Complaint (described below). The bellwether cases are proceeding in discovery, which must be completed by June 1, 2023 under the schedule set by the Court, and motions for summary judgment will be due on March 13, 2024. No trial dates have been set for any of the bellwether cases, or any of the other cases in the MDL.
State Attorney General Complaint
On June 10, 2020, the Connecticut Attorney General’s office filed a lawsuit on behalf of Connecticut and 50 other states and territories against Perrigo, 35 other generic pharmaceutical manufacturers, and certain individuals (including two former Perrigo employees), alleging an overarching conspiracy to allocate customers and/or fix, raise, or stabilize prices of eighty products. This case is included among the “bellwether cases” designated to follow the expedited schedule described above. Like the other cases in the MDL, no trial date has been set for this case.
Canadian Class Action Complaint
In June 2020, an end payor filed a class action in Ontario, Canada against Perrigo and 29 other manufacturers alleging an overarching conspiracy to allocate customers and/or fix, raise, or stabilize prices of dozens of products, most of which Perrigo neither makes nor sells. The product conspiracies allegedly involving Perrigo focus on the same products as those involved in other MDL complaints naming Perrigo: Clobetasol, Desonide, Econazole, and Nystatin. In December 2020, Plaintiffs amended their complaint to add additional claims based on the State Attorney General Complaint of June 2020.
At this stage, we cannot reasonably estimate the outcome of the liability if any, associated with the claims listed above.
Securities Litigation
In the United States (cases related to events in 2015-2017)
Beginning in May 2016, purported class action complaints were filed against the Company and our former CEO, Joseph Papa, in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey (Roofers’ Pension Fund v. Papa, et al.) purporting to represent a class of shareholders for the period from April 21, 2015 through May 11, 2016, inclusive. The original complaint alleged violations of federal securities laws in connection with the actions taken by us and the former executive to defend against the unsolicited takeover bid by Mylan in the period from April 21, 2015 through November 13, 2015. The plaintiff also alleged that the defendants provided inadequate disclosure concerning alleged business developments during the alleged class period including integration problems related to the Omega acquisition.
The operative complaint is the first amended complaint filed on June 21, 2017, and named as defendants us and 11 current or former directors and officers of Perrigo (Mses. Judy Brown, Laurie Brlas, Jacqualyn Fouse, Ellen Hoffing, and Messrs. Joe Papa, Marc Coucke, Gary Cohen, Michael Jandernoa, Gerald Kunkle, Herman Morris, and Donal O’Connor). The amended complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws arising out of the actions taken by us and the former directors and executives to defend against the unsolicited takeover bid by Mylan in the period from April 21, 2015 through November 13, 2015 and the allegedly inadequate disclosure throughout the entire class period related to the business developments during that period including purported integration problems related to the Omega acquisition, alleges incorrect reporting of organic growth at the Company and at Omega, alleges price fixing activities with respect to six generic prescription pharmaceuticals, and alleges improper accounting for the Tysabri® royalty stream. During 2017, the defendants filed motions to dismiss, which the plaintiffs opposed. On July 27, 2018, the court issued an opinion and order granting the defendants’ motions to dismiss in part and denying the motions to dismiss in part. The court dismissed without prejudice defendants Laurie Brlas, Jacqualyn Fouse, Ellen Hoffing, Gary Cohen, Michael Jandernoa, Gerald Kunkle, Herman Morris, Donal O’Connor, and Marc Coucke. The
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court also dismissed without prejudice claims arising from the Tysabri® accounting issue described above and claims alleging incorrect disclosure of organic growth described above. The defendants who were not dismissed are the Company, Joe Papa, and Judy Brown. The claims (described above) that were not dismissed relate to the integration issue regarding the Omega acquisition, the defense against the Mylan tender offer, and the alleged price fixing activities with respect to six generic prescription pharmaceuticals. The defendants who remain in the case (us, Mr. Papa, and Ms. Brown) have filed answers denying liability.
On November 14, 2019, the court granted the lead plaintiffs’ motion and certified three classes for the case: (i) all those who purchased shares between April 21, 2015 through May 2, 2017 inclusive on a U.S. exchange and were damaged thereby; (ii) all those who purchased shares between April 21, 2015 through May 2, 2017 inclusive on the Tel Aviv exchange and were damaged thereby; and (iii) all those who owned shares as of November 12, 2015 and held such stock through at least 8:00 a.m. on November 13, 2015 (whether or not a person tendered shares in response to the Mylan tender offer) (the "tender offer class"). Plaintiffs' counsels have sent notices to the alleged class.
The parties took discovery from 2018 through 2020. After discovery ended, defendants filed motions for summary judgement and to exclude plaintiffs' experts, which were fully briefed. The case was then re-assigned to a new federal judge, who heard oral argument on the motions in April 2022. The motions are pending.
In addition to the class action, the following opt-out cases have been filed against us, and in some cases, Mr. Papa and Ms. Brown, and contain factual allegations and claims that are similar to some or all of the factual allegations and claims in the class actions:

Case | Date Filed
Carmignac Gestion, S.A. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 11/1/2017
First Manhattan Co. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 2/16/2018; amended 4/20/2018
Nationwide Mutual Funds, et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 10/29/2018
Schwab Capital Trust, et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 1/31/2019
Aberdeen Canada Funds -- Global Equity Fund, et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 2/22/2019
Principal Funds, Inc., et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 3/5/2020
Kuwait Investment Authority, et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 3/31/2020
Mason Capital L.P., et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 1/26/2018
Pentwater Equity Opportunities Master Fund Ltd., et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 1/26/2018
WCM Alternatives: Event-Drive Fund, et al. v. Perrigo Co., plc, et al. | 11/15/2018
Hudson Bay Master Fund Ltd., et al. v. Perrigo Co., plc, et al. | 11/15/2018
Discovery Global Citizens Master Fund, Ltd., et al. v. Perrigo Co. plc, et al. | 12/18/2019
York Capital Management, L.P., et al. v. Perrigo Co. plc, et al. | 12/20/2019
Burlington Loan Management DAC v. Perrigo Co. plc, et al. | 2/12/2020
Universities Superannuation Scheme Limited v. Perrigo Co. plc, et al. | 3/2/2020
Harel Insurance Company, Ltd., et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 2/13/2018
TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC., et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 4/20/2018
Sculptor Master Fund (f/k/a OZ Master Fund, Ltd.), et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 2/6/2019
BlackRock Global Allocation Fund, Inc., et al. v. Perrigo Co. plc, et al. | 4/21/2020
Starboard Value and Opportunity C LP, et al. v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. | 2/25/2021

In June 2020, three Highfields Capital entities filed a lawsuit in Massachusetts State Court with factual allegations that generally were similar to the factual allegations in the Amended Complaint in the Roofers' Pension Fund case described above, except that the Highfields plaintiffs did not include allegations about alleged collusive pricing of generic prescription drugs, and alleged Massachusetts state law claims under the Massachusetts Unfair Business Methods Law (chapter 93A) and Massachusetts common law claims of tortious interference with prospective economic advantage, common law fraud, negligent misrepresentation, and unjust enrichment. In December 2021, the Massachusetts State Court granted Defendants’ motion to dismiss in part and denied it in part. Defendants’ filed
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their answers in January 2022 denying liability. The discovery phase in this case has begun (including discovery related to some factual allegations that were not part of the discovery in the actions in New Jersey federal court). The Court held a discovery conference and approved fact discovery deadlines into May 2023 and later deadlines to complete expert discovery. Subsequently, the Court held a further conference in March 2023 and revised the schedule with fact discovery ending in October 2023 and expert discovery in May 2024.
In Israel (cases related to events in 2015-2017)
On June 28, 2017, a plaintiff filed a complaint in Tel Aviv District Court styled Israel Elec. Corp. Employees’ Educ. Fund v. Perrigo Company plc, et al. The lead plaintiff seeks to represent a class of shareholders who purchased Perrigo stock on the Tel Aviv exchange during the period from April 24, 2015 through May 3, 2017 and also a claim for those that owned shares on the final day of the Mylan tender offer (November 13, 2015). The amended complaint names as defendants the Company, Ernst & Young LLP (the Company’s auditor), and 11 current or former directors and officers of Perrigo (Mses. Judy Brown, Laurie Brlas, Jacqualyn Fouse, Ellen Hoffing, and Messrs. Joe Papa, Marc Coucke, Gary Cohen, Michael Jandernoa, Gerald Kunkle, Herman Morris, and Donal O’Connor). The complaint alleges violations under Israeli securities laws that are similar to U.S. Securities Exchange Act sections 10(b) (and Rule 10b‑5) and 14(e) against all defendants and 20(a) control person liability against the 11 individuals or, in the alternative, under other Israeli securities laws. In general, the allegations are similar to the factual allegations in the Roofers' Pension Fund case in the U.S. as described above. The plaintiff indicates an initial, preliminary class damages estimate of 2.7 billion NIS (approximately $760.0 million at 1 NIS = 0.28 cents). After the other two cases filed in Israel were voluntarily dismissed, the plaintiff in this case agreed to stay this case pending the outcome of the Roofers’ Pension Fund case in the U.S. (described above). The Israeli court approved the stay, and this case is now stayed. We intend to defend the lawsuit vigorously.
In Israel (case related to Irish Tax events)
On December 31, 2018, a shareholder filed an action against the Company, our CEO Murray Kessler, and our former CFO Ronald Winowiecki in Tel Aviv District Court (Baton v. Perrigo Company plc, et. al.). The case is a securities class action brought in Israel making similar factual allegations for the same period as those asserted in a securities class action case (for those who purchased on a U.S. exchange) in New York federal court in which the settlement received final approval in February 2022. The Baron case alleges that persons who purchased securities through the Tel Aviv stock exchange and suffered damages can assert claims under Israeli securities law that will follow the liability principles of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act. The plaintiff does not provide an estimate of class damages. Since 2019, the court granted several requests by Perrigo to stay the proceedings pending the resolution of proceedings in the New York federal court. During 2022, the case was reassigned to a newly-appointed judge. After the settlement of the U.S. case in New York federal court, Perrigo's counsel informed the Israeli Court of the final approval of the settlement of the U.S. case. The parties then sought further stays of the case while they attempted mediation, which the Court granted. In April 2023, the parties reported to the Court that the mediation had led to a preliminary agreement on settlement; the Court ordered that a motion for approval of the settlement and related papers be filed no later than June 17, 2023.
Other Matters
Talcum Powder
The Company has been named, together with other manufacturers, in product liability lawsuits in a variety of state courts alleging that the use of body powder products containing talcum powder causes mesothelioma and lung cancer due to the presence of asbestos. All but one of these cases involve legacy talcum powder products that have not been manufactured by the Company since 1999. One of the pending actions involves a current prescription product that contains talc as an excipient. As of April 24, 2023, the Company is currently named in 90 individual lawsuits seeking compensatory and punitive damages and has accepted a tender for a portion of the defense costs and liability from a retailer for one additional matter. The Company has several defenses and intends to aggressively defend these lawsuits. Trials for these lawsuits are currently scheduled throughout 2023, 2024 and 2025, with the earliest trial date in May 2023.
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Ranitidine
After regulatory bodies announced worldwide that ranitidine may potentially contain N-nitrosodimethylamine ("NDMA"), a known environmental contaminant, the Company promptly began testing its externally-sourced ranitidine API and ranitidine-based products. On October 8, 2019, the Company halted shipments of the product based upon preliminary results and on October 23, 2019, the Company made the decision to conduct a voluntary retail market withdrawal.
In February 2020, the resulting actions involving Zantac® and other ranitidine products were transferred for coordinated pretrial proceedings to a Multi-District Litigation (In re Zantac®/Ranitidine Products Liability Litigation MDL No. 2924) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. After the Company successfully moved to dismiss the first set of Master Complaints in the MDL, it now includes three: 1) an Amended Master Personal Injury Complaint; 2) a Consolidated Amended Consumer Economic Loss Class Action Complaint; and 3) a Consolidated Medical Monitoring Class Action Complaint. All three name the Company. Plaintiffs appealed one of the original Master Complaints, the Third-Party Payor Complaint, and two individual plaintiffs appealed their individual personal injury claims on limited grounds. The Company is not named in the appeals.
On June 30, 2021, the Court dismissed all claims against the retail and distributor defendants with prejudice, thereby reducing the Company’s potential for exposure and liability related to possible indemnification. On July 8, 2021, the Court dismissed all claims against the Company with prejudice. Appeals of these dismissal orders to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit have been filed, as well as several state level claims related to the theories advanced in the MDL litigation. The Company will continue to vigorously defend each of these lawsuits.
As of April 1, 2023, the Company has been named in 352 personal injury lawsuits, most of which are in the MDL tied to various federal courts alleging that plaintiffs developed various types of cancers or are placed at higher risk of developing cancer as a result of ingesting products containing ranitidine. The Company has also been named in a handful of similar lawsuits in the state courts of California, Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania. The Company is named in these lawsuits with manufacturers of the national brand Zantac® and other manufacturers of ranitidine products, as well as distributors, repackagers, and/or retailers. Plaintiffs seek compensatory and punitive damages, and in some instances seek applicable remedies under state consumer protection laws. The Company believes that it has strong defenses to such claims based on a significant body of scientific evidence, and pursuant to the doctrine of federal preemption. As noted above, the Company has won multiple motions to dismiss in the MDL, as well as additional state court actions in California and Maryland.
The Company has also been named in a Complaint brought by the New Mexico Attorney General based on the following theories: violation of a New Mexico public nuisance statute, NMSA 30-8-1 to -14; common law nuisance; and negligence and gross negligence. The Company is named in this lawsuit with manufacturers of the national brand Zantac® and other manufacturers of ranitidine products and/or retailers. Brand name manufactures named in the lawsuit also face claims under the state’s Unfair Practices & False Advertising acts. The Company filed motions to dismiss the action. The New Mexico District Court denied the Company’s Motion to Dismiss and litigation continues. The Company will continue to vigorously defend this lawsuit.
Some of the Company’s retailer customers are seeking indemnity from the Company for a portion of their defense costs and liability relating to these cases.
Acetaminophen
In October 2022 the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ("MDL") consolidated a number of pending actions filed in various federal courts alleging that prenatal exposure to acetaminophen is purportedly associated with the development of autism spectrum disorder (“ASD”) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (“ADHD”). The MDL is styled In re: Acetaminophen – ASD/ADHD Products Liability Litigation (MDL No. 3043) and is pending before the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. Plaintiffs in the MDL have asserted claims against Johnson & Johnson Consumer, Inc. (“JJCI”) and various retailer chains alleging that plaintiff-mothers took acetaminophen products while pregnant and that plaintiff-children developed ASD and/or ADHD as a result of prenatal exposure to these acetaminophen products. At this time, the MDL proceedings are in the early stages. Currently, it is not possible to assess reliably the outcome of these cases or any potential future financial impact on the Company. As of April 24, 2023 the Company has not been named as a defendant in any Complaints filed in the MDL. It is anticipated that some of the Company’s retailer customers may seek indemnity from the Company for a portion of their defense costs and potential liability relating to these cases.
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Contingencies Accruals
As a result of the matters discussed in this Note, the Company has established a loss accrual for litigation contingencies where we believe a loss to be probable and for which an amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. However, we cannot determine a reasonable estimate of the maximum possible loss or range of loss for these matters given that they are at various stages of the litigation process and each case is subject to inherent uncertainties of litigation. At April 1, 2023, the loss accrual for litigation contingencies reflected on the balance sheet in Other accrued liabilities was approximately $67.6 million. The Company also recorded an insurance recovery receivable reflected on the balance sheet in Prepaid expenses and other current assets of approximately $37.2 million related to these litigation contingencies because it believes such amount is recoverable based on communications with its insurers to date; however, the Company may erode this insurance receivable as it incurs defense costs associated with defending the matters. The Company’s management believes these accruals for contingencies are reasonable and sufficient based upon information currently available to management; however, there can be no assurance that final costs related to these contingencies will not exceed current estimates or that all of the final costs related to these contingencies will be covered by insurance. (See "Insurance Coverage Litigation," below.) In addition, we have other litigation matters pending for which we have not recorded any accruals because our potential liability for those matters is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated based on currently available information. For those matters where we have not recorded an accrual but a loss is reasonably possible, we cannot determine a reasonable estimate of the maximum possible loss or range of loss for these matters given that they are at various stages of the litigation process and each case is subject to the inherent uncertainties of litigation.
Insurance Coverage Litigation
In May 2021, insurers on multiple policies of D&O insurance filed an action in the High Court in Dublin against the Company and multiple current and former directors and officers of the Company seeking declaratory judgments on certain coverage issues. Those coverage issues include claims that policies for periods beginning in December 2015 and December 2016, respectively, do not have to provide coverage for the securities actions described above pending in the District of New Jersey or in Massachusetts state court concerning the events of 2015-2017. The policy for the period beginning December 2014 is currently providing coverage for those matters, and the litigation would not affect that existing coverage. However, if the plaintiffs are successful, the total amount of insurance coverage available to defend such lawsuits and to satisfy any judgment or settlement costs thereunder would be limited to one policy period. The insurers’ lawsuit also challenges coverage for Krueger derivatively on behalf of nominal defendant Perrigo Company plc v. Alford et al., a prior derivative action filed in the District of New Jersey that was dismissed in August 2020, and for the counterclaims brought in the Omega arbitration proceedings. Perrigo responded on November 1, 2021; Perrigo’s response includes its position that the policies for the periods beginning December 2015 and December 2016 provide coverage for the underlying litigation matters and seeks a ruling to that effect. The discovery stage of the case occurred in 2022. The Court has set a schedule for submissions by the parties during 2023 and for a bench trial in mid-November 2023. We intend to defend the lawsuit vigorously.
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Note 17
NOTE 17 - SEGMENT INFORMATION
The tables below show select financial measures by reporting segment (in millions):

|  | Total Assets
|  | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
CSCA |  | $ | 5,057.7 |  |  | $ | 5,134.1 |
CSCI |  | 5,897.2 |  |  | 5,883.2 |
Total |  | $ | 10,954.9 |  |  | $ | 11,017.3 |

| Three Months Ended
| April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022
| Net Sales |  | Operating Income (Loss) |  | Intangible Asset Amortization |  | Net Sales |  | Operating Income (Loss) |  | Intangible Asset Amortization
CSCA | $ | 763.7 |  |  | $ | 83.2 |  |  | $ | 13.9 |  |  | $ | 710.0 |  |  | $ | 78.5 |  |  | $ | 12.4 |
CSCI | 418.1 |  |  | 21.3 |  |  | 51.5 |  |  | 364.5 |  |  | 16.2 |  |  | 36.1 |
Unallocated | — |  |  | (56.0) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (73.0) |  |  | — |
Continuing Operations Total | $ | 1,181.7 |  |  | $ | 48.5 |  |  | $ | 65.4 |  |  | $ | 1,074.5 |  |  | $ | 21.7 |  |  | $ | 48.5 |

NOTE 18 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Internal Revenue Service Audit of Athena Neurosciences, Inc., a U.S. Subsidiary
On April 26, 2019, we received a revised NOPA from the IRS regarding transfer pricing positions related to the IRS audit of Athena Neurosciences, LLC ("Athena") for the years ended December 31, 2011, December 31, 2012, and December 31, 2013. The April 26, 2019 NOPA carried forward the IRS's theory from its 2017 draft NOPA that when Elan took over the future funding of Athena's in-process research and development after acquiring Athena in 1996, Elan should have paid a substantially higher royalty rate for the right to exploit Athena’s intellectual property in various developmental products, including the Multiple Sclerosis drug Tysabri, rather than rates based on transfer pricing documentation prepared by Elan's external tax advisors. The April 26, 2019 NOPA proposed a payment of $843.0 million, which represented additional tax based on imputing royalty income to Athena using a 24.7% royalty rate derived by the IRS and a 40.0% accuracy-related penalty. This amount excluded consideration of offsetting tax attributes and any potential interest that may be imposed. We strongly disagreed with the IRS position. On December 22, 2016, we also received a NOPA for these years denying the deductibility of settlement costs incurred in 2011 by Athena's parent company Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("EPI") related to illegal marketing of Zonegran by EPI's employees in the United States raised in a Qui Tam action under the U.S. False Claims Act. We strongly disagreed with the IRS' position on this issue as well. Because we believed that any concession on these issues in Appeals would be contrary to our evaluation of the issues and to avoid double taxation of the same income in the United States and Ireland, we pursued our remedies under the Mutual Agreement Procedure ("MAP") of the U.S.-Ireland Income Tax Treaty to alleviate double taxation. On April 21 and 23, 2020, we filed requests for Competent Authority assistance with the IRS and Irish Revenue on the Tysabri royalty issue, and those MAP applications were accepted. On October 20, 2020, we amended our requests for Competent Authority assistance to include the Zonegran issue and these supplemental requests were also accepted. On April 24, 2023, we received a letter from the IRS regarding the Competent Authority request filed for the Tysabri royalty issue, which concludes the competent authority process commenced by such submissions without the need for negotiations between the competent authorities and constitutes a full and final resolution of the April 26, 2019 NOPA. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 we plan to adjust any previously established reserves related to this matter. The Zonegran deduction issue remains pending in the MAP case and is being considered by APMA and the Irish Competent Authority.
Internal Revenue Service Audits of Perrigo Company, a U.S. Subsidiary
As detailed in Note 15. Income Taxes, on January 13, 2021, the IRS issued a 30-day letter for the 2013-2015 tax years, which included a proposal to reduce Perrigo U.S.'s deductible interest expense for the 2014 tax year and the 2015 tax year on $7.5 billion in certain intercompany debts owed by it to Perrigo Company plc. The debts were incurred in connection with the 2013 Elan merger transaction. On May 7, 2020, the IRS issued a NOPA capping the interest rate on the debts for U.S. federal tax purposes at 130.0% of the Applicable Federal Rate ("AFR") (a blended
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Note 17
rate reduction of 4.0% per annum) on the stated ground that the loans were not negotiated on an arms-length basis. The May 7, 2020 NOPA proposed a reduction in gross interest expense of approximately $414.7 million for tax years 2014 and 2015. On January 13, 2021, we received a RAR, together with the 30-day letter, requiring our filing of a written protest to request IRS Appeals consideration. The protest was timely filed with the IRS on February 26, 2021. On January 20, 2022, the IRS responded to our protest with its rebuttal in which it revised its position on this interest rate issue by reasserting that implicit parental support considerations are necessary to determine the arm's length interest rates and proposed revised interest rates that are higher than the interest rates proposed under its 130.0% of AFR assertion. The blended interest rate proposed by the IRS rebuttal was 4.36%, an increase from the blended interest rate in the RAR of 2.57% but lower than the stated blended interest rate of the loans of 6.8%. An IRS Appeals conference for the interest rate issue was held during March 7, 2023 through March 9, 2023. On May 5, 2023, we finalized an agreement with IRS Appeals providing for settlement of the May 7, 2020 NOPA of $153.4 million of gross interest expense reduction for the 2013-2015 tax years. This implies a blended interest rate of 5.44%. In addition, based on the above agreement with IRS Appeals, we will apply similar adjustments for all remaining tax years through 2018. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 we plan to adjust any previously established reserves related to this matter.
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Executive Overview
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") is intended to provide readers with an understanding of our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows by focusing on changes in certain key measures from year to year. This MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes found in Item I included in this Form 10-Q, and our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Form 10-K”). These historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. This discussion contains a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risks referred to under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our 2022 Form 10-K and Part II. Item 1A of this Form 10-Q.
Perrigo Company plc was incorporated under the laws of Ireland on June 28, 2013 and became the successor registrant of Perrigo Company, a Michigan corporation, on December 18, 2013 in connection with the acquisition of Elan Corporation, plc ("Elan"). Unless the context requires otherwise, the terms "Perrigo," the "Company," "we," "our," "us," and similar pronouns used herein refer to Perrigo Company plc, its subsidiaries, and all predecessors of Perrigo Company plc and its subsidiaries.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
We are a leading provider of over-the-counter ("OTC") health and wellness solutions that are designed to enhance individual well-being and empower consumers to proactively prevent or treat conditions that can be self-managed. Our vision is to make lives better by bringing Quality, Affordable Self-Care Products that consumers trust everywhere they are sold. We are headquartered in Ireland and sell our products primarily in North America and Europe, as well as in other markets around the world.
Our core competencies are geared to fully take advantage of the massive global trend towards self-care. We define self-care as not just treating disease or helping individuals feel better after taking a product, but also maintaining and enhancing their overall health and wellness. Consistent with our vision, we recently completed our three-year strategy to transform the Company into a consumer self-care leader by reconfiguring our portfolio through the divestiture of our Rx business in 2021 and acquiring Héra SAS (“HRA Pharma”) in 2022. Additionally, we removed significant uncertainty in 2021 through final settlement of the Irish Revenue Notice of Amended Assessment. Upon completion of our transformation, we have transitioned our strategy to ‘Optimizing’ business and ‘Accelerating’ profitable growth. Several initiatives are anticipated to propel this strategy, including plans to achieve significant synergies from our acquisitions and implementation of our Supply Chain Reinvention Program. In addition, we continue to invest in other initiatives, including innovation, information systems and tools, and our people to drive consistent and sustainable results in line with consumer-packaged goods peers.
Our fiscal year begins on January 1 and ends on December 31. We end our quarterly accounting periods on the Saturday closest to the end of the calendar quarter, with the fourth quarter ending on December 31 of each year.
Our Segments
Our reporting and operating segments reflect the way our chief operating decision maker, who is our CEO, makes operating decisions, allocates resources and manages the growth and profitability of the Company. Our reporting and operating segments are:
•Consumer Self-Care Americas ("CSCA") comprises our consumer self-care business in the U.S. and Canada. CSCA previously included our Latin American businesses until they were disposed on March 9, 2022.
•Consumer Self-Care International ("CSCI") comprises our consumer self-care business outside of the U.S. and Canada, primarily in Europe and Australia.
We previously had an Rx segment which was comprised of our generic prescription pharmaceuticals business in the U.S. and other pharmaceuticals and diagnostic businesses in Israel, which have been divested. The Rx segment was reported as Discontinued Operations in 2021, and is presented as such for all periods in this report.
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Executive Overview
Recent Highlights
•On March 28, 2023 we announced that the FDA has rescheduled a joint meeting of the Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee and the Obstetrics, Reproductive, and Urologic Drugs Advisory Committee for May 9 and 10, 2023, to review the Company's application for Opill® daily oral contraceptive for OTC use.
•On March 1, 2023, we announced that we had received final approval from the FDA for our Abbreviated New Drug Application ("ANDA") for Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen Tablets, 250 mg/125 mg, the store brand OTC equivalent of Advil® Dual Action Tablets 250 mg/125 mg.
•On February 28, 2023, we presented the details of our three year 'Optimize and Accelerate' strategy during our Virtual Investor Day.
Tax Updates
On April 26, 2019, we received a revised Notice of Proposed Assessment ("NOPA") from the IRS regarding transfer pricing positions related to the IRS audit of Athena Neurosciences, LLC ("Athena") for its 2013 to 2015 fiscal tax years. The April 26, 2019 NOPA carried forward the IRS's theory from its 2017 draft NOPA that when Elan took over the future funding of Athena's in-process research and development after acquiring Athena in 1996, Elan should have paid a substantially higher royalty rate for the right to exploit Athena’s intellectual property in various developmental products, including the Multiple Sclerosis drug Tysabri, rather than rates based on transfer pricing documentation prepared by Elan's external tax advisors. The April 26, 2019 NOPA proposed a payment of $843.0 million, which represented additional tax based on imputing royalty income to Athena using a 24.7% royalty rate derived by the IRS and a 40.0% accuracy-related penalty. On April 24, 2023, we received a letter from the IRS regarding the Competent Authority request filed by Athena concluding the competent authority process commenced by such submissions without the need for negotiations between the competent authorities and constitutes a full and final resolution of the April 26, 2019 NOPA. We believe that any prior uncertainty regarding the tax treatment of the Tysabri royalty is now resolved. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 we plan to adjust any previously established reserves related to this matter. Refer to Item 1. Note 15 for additional information.
On January 13, 2021, the IRS issued a 30-day letter and Revenue Agent's Report with respect to its audit of our 2013 to 2015 fiscal tax years. The 30-day letter proposed, among other modifications, to reduce Perrigo U.S.'s deductible interest expense for certain intercompany debts owed in connection with the 2013 Elan merger transaction. On May 5, 2023, we finalized an agreement with IRS Appeals providing for settlement of the May 7, 2020 NOPA. In addition, based on the agreement with IRS Appeals, we will apply similar adjustments for all remaining tax years through 2018. Refer to Item 1. Note 15 for additional information. In the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 we plan to adjust any previously established reserves related to this matter.
Supply Chain Reinvention Program
In 2022, we initiated a Supply Chain Reinvention Program to reduce structural costs, improve profitability and our service levels to our retail partners, and strengthen our resiliency by streamlining and simplifying our global supply chain. Through this initiative, we plan to reduce portfolio complexity, invest in advanced planning capabilities, diversify sourcing, and optimize our manufacturing assets and distribution models. We have identified a total annual run-rate potential savings opportunity by the end of fiscal year 2028 of between an estimated $200 million to $300 million (not including related depreciation expense on capital investments) if all facets of the Program are successfully implemented and executed. To obtain these potential benefits, we anticipate incurring costs of between $350 million to $570 million by the end of fiscal year 2028 to complete the program implementation, including capital investments, restructuring expenses, and implementation costs. A significant portion of the annual run-rate potential savings of the Program, between $150 million to $200 million (not including related depreciation expense on capital investments), are anticipated by the end of fiscal year 2025, along with associated potential spend of between $300 million and $450 million. Refer to Item 1. Note 14 for further details on restructuring charges.
We initiated the first phase of our Supply Chain Reinvention Program by announcing on November 1, 2022, a $170 million strategic investment to expand and strengthen our U.S. infant formula manufacturing. This strategic investment included the $110 million purchase of Nestlé’s Gateway infant formula plant in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, along with the U.S. and Canadian rights to the GoodStart® infant formula brand and other related formula brands ("Gateway"), and an additional $60 million investment into the plant to expand its capacity. Refer to Item 1. Note 3 for further transaction details.
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Executive Overview
Market Factors and Trends
Infant Formula
As part of its efforts to prevent future Cronobacter spp. illnesses associated with powdered infant formula, in March 2023, the FDA released an "Immediate National Strategy to Increase the Resiliency of the U.S. Infant Formula Market" and issued a letter to the powdered infant formula industry to share information to assist the industry in improving the microbiologic safety of powdered infant formula. Out of an abundance of caution and based upon this new information, o n March 17, 2023 we initiated a voluntary recall of a specific infant formula brand that was manufactured at one of our U.S. facilities from January 2, 2023 to January 18, 2023. There were no sales of this impacted product in the prior year period as the brand and facility where this product was manufactured were acquired in November 2022. As a result of the FDA communications and our recall, our operations were negatively impacted during the quarter and we anticipate additional costs and lower production volumes associated with compliance with these new and evolving regulatory expectations going forward.
Economic Uncertainty
Current macroeconomic conditions remain very dynamic, including impacts from rising inflation and interest rates, volatile changes in foreign currency exchange rates, political unrest, recent developments in the global banking sector, COVID-19 and legislative and regulatory changes. Any causes of market size contraction could reduce our sales or erode our operating margin and consequently reduce our net earnings and cash flows.
Our interest expense is impacted by the overall global economic and interest rate environment. We manage interest rate risk through our capital structure and the use of interest rate swaps to fix the interest rate on greater than 90% of our outstanding debt.
Inflationary Costs and Supply Chain
Over the course of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023, supply chain disruptions, including volatility in both cost and availability of agricultural, oil and paper based commodities driven by the war in Ukraine have led to higher input costs. Additionally, we experienced employment vacancies and attrition as the labor market negatively impacted productivity and drove the need for wage rate increases and other retention benefits. We implemented a series of actions to substantially mitigate these and other inflationary cost pressures such as strategic pricing and our Supply Chain Reinvention Program. Benefits from our actions have begun to substantially offset inflationary pressures, and the global freight constraints in availability of freight containers and truck drivers are starting to normalize. However, the duration and extent of inflation pressure, including impacts from the war in Ukraine, changes in labor market availability and wage rates, as well as the acceptance of any further pricing actions we may take in the markets we operate, is uncertain.
War in Ukraine
The invasion of Ukraine by Russia and resulting economic and political sanctions imposed by the United States, United Kingdom, European Union, and other countries on Russia, Belarus, and occupied regions in Ukraine have negatively impacted our results from operations in the region. We currently have 85 employees working in our Ukraine subsidiary. We do not have a subsidiary or employees in Russia. We have no manufacturing facilities in either Russia or Ukraine and we previously sold products into Russia entirely through distributors. In March 2022, we halted all sales to distributors in Russia and sales in Ukraine were severely depressed. For the three months ended April 1, 2023, Ukraine operations accounted for approximately $3 million of net sales, $2 million of gross profit, and $1 million of operating income, and there were no sales in Russia. Future impacts are difficult to predict due to the high level of uncertainty related to the war’s duration, evolution and resolution. If the conflict spreads or materially escalates, or economic conditions deteriorate, the impact on our business and results of operations could be material.
Foreign Exchange
We have both translation and transaction exposure to the fluctuation of exchange rates. Translation exposures relate to exchange rate impacts of measuring income statements of foreign subsidiaries that do not use the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. Transaction exposures relate to 1) the impact from input costs that are
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 2
Executive Overview
denominated in a currency other than the local reporting currency and 2) the revaluation of transaction-related working capital balances denominated in currencies other than the functional currency. Significant exchange rate fluctuations, especially in the Euro or the British Pound Sterling, have had, and could continue to have, a significant impact on our net sales, net earnings and cash flows, and have significantly impacted our historical net sales, costs and net earnings and could do so in the future.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Currency Translation
Currency translation effects described below represent estimates of the net differences between translation of foreign currency transactions into U.S. dollars for the three months ended April 1, 2023 at the average exchange rates for the reporting period and average exchange rates for the three months ended April 2, 2022.
CONSOLIDATED
Consolidated Financial Results

| Three Months Ended |
(in millions, except percentages) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |
Net sales | $ | 1,181.7 |  |  | $ | 1,074.5 |  |
Gross profit | $ | 413.8 |  |  | $ | 337.8 |  |
Gross profit % | 35.0 | % |  | 31.4 | % |
Operating income | $ | 48.5 |  |  | $ | 21.7 |  |
Operating income % | 4.1 | % |  | 2.0 | % |

Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 vs. Three Months Ended April 2, 2022
Net sales increased $107.2 million, or 10.0%, due primarily to:
•$67.6 million increase, or 6.4%, due primarily to approximately $58 million in strategic pricing actions in addition to higher sales volume with favorable mix across several of our product categories including Upper Respiratory due to a strong global cough, cold and flu season partially offset by declines in Nutrition excluding acquisitions; and
•$89.0 million increase from our acquisitions of HRA Pharma and Gateway, inclusive of a voluntary product recall within Nutrition and an unfavorable impact of $11.6 million from distributor transition sales returns as part of the integration strategy to capture synergies and a $2.6 million unfavorable effect of currency translation; partially offset by
•$30.2 million decrease from unfavorable foreign currency translation excluding acquisitions;
•$19.1 million decrease from the divestitures of the Latin American businesses and ScarAway® brand asset.
Operating income increased $26.8 million, or 123.5%, due primarily to:
•$76.0 million increase in gross profit driven by higher gross profit flow-through resulting from positive sales pricing benefits and higher sales volume with favorable mix, as well as a $46.3 million increase from our acquisitions of HRA Pharma and Gateway inclusive of an unfavorable voluntary recall impact, distributor transition costs and unfavorable effect of currency translation; partially offset by $30.3 million of cost of goods sold inflation and increased labor costs, $15.0 million of unfavorable foreign currency translation excluding acquisitions, approximately $8 million of expense and lost gross profit flow-through from a voluntary product recall within Upper Respiratory in the first quarter of 2023, and $6.6 million related to the divestitures of the Latin American businesses and ScarAway® brand asset. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased 360 basis points compared to the prior year due to the same factors that drove gross profit.
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 2
Consolidated
•$49.2 million increase in operating expenses due primarily to higher selling and administrative employee expenses and higher advertising and promotion expenses as a result of the acquisition of HRA Pharma and Gateway and related integration activities and an unfavorable effect of $10.9 million from foreign currency translation.
CONSUMER SELF-CARE AMERICAS
Segment Financial Results

| Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
(in millions, except percentages) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |
Net sales | $ | 763.7 |  |  | $ | 710.0 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ | 210.8 |  |  | $ | 172.5 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit % | 27.6 | % |  | 24.3 | % |  |  |  |
Operating income (loss) | $ | 83.2 |  |  | $ | 78.5 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income % | 10.9 | % |  | 11.1 | % |  |  |  |

Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 vs. Three Months Ended April 2, 2022
Net sales increased $53.7 million, or 7.6%, due primarily to:
•$27.6 million increase, or 4.0%, due primarily to approximately $25 million of strategic pricing actions in addition to higher sales volume with favorable mix across several product categories; and
•$45.2 million increase from the addition of HRA Pharma and Gateway inclusive of a $0.5 million unfavorable effect of currency translation and a voluntary product recall within Nutrition; partially offset by
•$19.1 million decrease from the divestitures of the Latin American businesses and ScarAway® brand asset and $9.5 million recall expense within Upper Respiratory during the first quarter of 2023.

Sales | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
(in millions, except percentages)(1) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Upper Respiratory | $ | 154.3 |  |  | $ | 152.8 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  | 1.0 | %
Nutrition | 139.9 |  |  | 127.2 |  |  | 12.7 |  |  | 10.0 | %
Digestive Health | 124.2 |  |  | 118.6 |  |  | 5.6 |  |  | 4.7 | %
Pain and Sleep-Aids | 103.5 |  |  | 102.9 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.6 | %
Oral Care | 84.4 |  |  | 70.4 |  |  | 14.0 |  |  | 19.9 | %
Healthy Lifestyle | 73.4 |  |  | 67.6 |  |  | 5.8 |  |  | 8.6 | %
Skin Care | 52.3 |  |  | 40.9 |  |  | 11.4 |  |  | 27.9 | %
Women's Health | 11.9 |  |  | 8.2 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 45.1 | %
Vitamins, Minerals, and Supplements ("VMS") | 4.0 |  |  | 7.7 |  |  | (3.7) |  |  | (48.1) | %
Other CSCA | 15.8 |  |  | 13.7 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 15.3 | %
Total CSCA | $ | 763.7 |  |  | $ | 710.0 |  |  | $ | 53.7 |  |  | 7.6%

(1) We updated our global reporting product categories as a result of our product portfolio reconfiguration. These product categories have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the changes and have no impact on historical financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
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CSCA
Sales drivers in each category are provided below:
•Upper Respiratory: Net sales of $154.3 million increased 1.0% due primarily to the launch of Nasonex®24HR and higher net sales of allergy products. This growth was partially offset by the divested Latin American businesses, impacting growth by an unfavorable 1.8 percentage points, a voluntary OTC product recall and prolonged and elevated incidence of cough/cold and flu over the past year which led to lower inventory levels and the inability to meet current consumer demand for liquid cough/cold products;
•Nutrition: Net sales of $139.9 million increased 10.0% due primarily to the Gateway acquisition, despite an unfavorable impact due to a voluntary recall, and strong growth in the contract infant formula business. This growth was partially offset by lower net sales in the legacy Nutrition business as the Company benefited from a major national brand infant formula recall in the prior year;
•Digestive Health: Net sales of $124.2 million increased 4.7% due primarily to increased manufacturing capacity and demand for Polyethylene Glycol 3350, solid growth in the antacids business and new products, including Omeprazole Cool Mint, Omeprazole Mini Capsules and Polyethylene Glycol 3350 Orange. Growth in this category was partially offset by an unfavorable 1.8 percentage points from the divested Latin American businesses;
•Pain and Sleep-aids: Net sales of $103.5 million increased 0.6% due primarily to strong demand for children's analgesics products resulting from a relatively stronger cough/cold and flu season, partially offset by an unfavorable impact of 5.2 percentage points from the divested Latin American businesses;
•Oral Care: Net sales of $84.4 million increased 19.9% due primarily to the normalization of supply chain disruptions that impacted net sales in the prior year and strong consumer demand for oral care products, including both store brand offerings and brands such as Plackers®, Firefly® and REACH®;
•Healthy Lifestyle: Net sales of $73.4 million increased 8.6% due primarily to increased distribution of store brand smoking cessation products;
•Skin Care: Net sales of $52.3 million increased 27.9% due primarily to the addition of HRA Pharma brands, including Mederma® and Compeed®, and higher net sales of minoxidil-based products stemming from increased manufacturing capacity, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of 6.1 percentage points from the divested Latin American businesses and ScarAway® brand asset;
•Women's Health: Net sales of $11.9 million increased 45.1% due primarily to the addition of HRA Pharma brands, including ella®; and
•VMS and Other: Net sales of $19.8 million decreased 7.5% due primarily to the unfavorable impact of 29.0 percentage points from the divested Latin American businesses.
Operating income increased $4.7 million, or 6.0%, due primarily to:
•$38.3 million increase in gross profit due primarily to strategic pricing actions, the addition of HRA Pharma and Gateway, and favorable product mix; partially offset by cost of goods sold inflation, the divestitures of the Latin American businesses and ScarAway® brand asset and two voluntary product recalls. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased 330 basis points compared to the prior year due to the same factors that drove gross profit.
•$33.6 million increase in operating expenses due primarily to the addition of HRA Pharma and Gateway as well as higher selling costs on branded business and administration costs, partially offset by the absence of the divested Latin American businesses and gain on the sale of ScarAway® asset brand in the prior year.
CONSUMER SELF-CARE INTERNATIONAL
Segment Financial Results
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CSCI

| Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
(in millions, except percentages) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |
Net sales | $ | 418.1 |  |  | $ | 364.5 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ | 203.0 |  |  | $ | 165.3 |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit % | 48.6 | % |  | 45.3 | % |  |  |  |
Operating income | $ | 21.3 |  |  | $ | 16.2 |  |  |  |  |
Operating income % | 5.1 | % |  | 4.4 | % |  |  |  |

Three Months Ended April 1, 2023 vs. Three Months Ended April 2, 2022
Net sales increased $53.6 million, or 14.7%, due primarily to:
•$40.0 million, or 11.0%, net increase due primarily to approximately $32 million of strategic pricing actions and higher volume sales across several CSCI product categories including Upper Respiratory due to a strong global cough, cold and flu season;
•$45.9 million increase from the addition of HRA Pharma inclusive of an unfavorable impact of $11.6 million from distributor transition sales returns as part of the integration strategy to capture synergies and
•$2.1 million unfavorable effect of currency translation; partially offset by
•$30.2 million decrease from unfavorable foreign currency translation excluding acquisitions.

Sales | Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
(in millions, except percentages)(1) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  | $ Change |  | % Change
Upper Respiratory | 84.8 |  |  | 66.5 |  |  | 18.3 |  |  | 27.5 | %
Skin Care | $ | 83.4 |  |  | $ | 73.9 |  |  | $ | 9.5 |  |  | 12.9 | %
Healthy Lifestyle | 66.4 |  |  | 58.9 |  |  | 7.5 |  |  | 12.7 | %
Pain and Sleep-Aids | 49.9 |  |  | 54.0 |  |  | (4.1) |  |  | (7.6) | %
VMS | 47.8 |  |  | 49.5 |  |  | (1.7) |  |  | (3.4) | %
Women's Health | 29.1 |  |  | 13.7 |  |  | 15.4 |  |  | 112.4 | %
Oral Care | 29.1 |  |  | 28.9 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.7 | %
Digestive Health | 8.8 |  |  | 9.2 |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (4.3) | %
Other CSCI | 18.8 |  |  | 9.9 |  |  | 8.9 |  |  | 89.9 | %
Total CSCI | $ | 418.1 |  |  | $ | 364.5 |  |  | $ | 53.6 |  |  | 14.7 | %

(1) We updated our global reporting product categories as a result of our product portfolio reconfiguration. These product categories have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the changes and have no impact on historical financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Sales in each category were driven primarily by:
•Upper Respiratory: Net sales of $84.8 million increased 27.5%, inclusive of an 8.4% unfavorable effect of currency translation, due primarily to strong demand for cough/cold products, including Bronchostop and Coldrex, stemming from a relatively stronger cough/cold and flu season. Net sales of the U.K. allergy brand Beconase were also higher compared to the prior year period;
•Skin Care: Net sales of $83.4 million increased 12.9%, inclusive of a 13.2% unfavorable effect of currency translation, driven primarily by the addition of HRA Pharma brands, including Compeed®, partially offset by the reclassification of anti-parasite offerings from the Skin Care category to the Healthy Lifestyle Category;
•Healthy Lifestyle: Net sales of $66.4 million increased 12.7%, inclusive of a 4.6% unfavorable effect of currency translation, due primarily to the reclassification of anti-parasite offerings from Skin Care to the Healthy Lifestyle category and higher net sales of anti-parasite offerings that continue to outpace strong category growth, partially offset by lower category consumption in weight management impacting XLS Medical;
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CSCI
•Pain & Sleep-Aids: Net sales of $49.9 million decreased 7.6%, due primarily to a 7.8% unfavorable effect of currency translation and lower sales of Nytol due to timing of shipments to customers, partially offset by higher demand for Solpadeine, an analgesic product;
•VMS: Net sales of $47.8 million decreased 3.4%, due primarily to a 4.8% unfavorable effect of currency translation, partially offset by improved sales of Davitamon in Benelux stemming from higher promotions and Abtei in Germany;
•Women's Health: Net sales of $29.1 million increased 112.4%, inclusive of a 13.1% unfavorable effect of currency translation, due primarily to the addition of HRA Pharma brands, including ellaOne® and NorLevo®;
•Oral Care: Net sales of $29.1 million increased 0.7%, inclusive of a 6.2% unfavorable effect of currency translation, due primarily to new products and market share gains;
•Digestive Health and Other: Net sales of $27.6 million increased 44.5%, inclusive of a 20.4% unfavorable effect of currency translation, due primarily to the addition of the HRA Pharma Rare Diseases portfolio in the Other category.
Operating income increased $5.1 million, or 31.5%, due primarily to:
•$37.7 million increase in gross profit due primarily to higher gross profit flow-through resulting from positive sales pricing benefits and the addition of HRA Pharma, partially offset by $17.2 million of unfavorable foreign currency translation and $9.0 million distributor transition sales returns. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased 330 basis points due primarily to the same factors that drove gross profit; and
•$32.6 million increase in operating expenses due primarily to higher selling and administrative employee expenses and higher advertising and promotion investments as a result of the integration of HRA Pharma, partially offset by a $9.8 million decrease from foreign currency translation.
Unallocated Expenses
Unallocated expenses are comprised of certain corporate services not allocated to our reporting segments and are recorded in Operating income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Unallocated expenses were as follows (in millions):

Three Months Ended |  |
April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
$ | 56.0 |  |  | $ | 73.0 |  |  |  |  |

The decrease of $17.0 million in unallocated expenses during the three months ended April 1, 2023 compared to the prior year period was due primarily to a decrease in acquisition expenses associated with HRA Pharma and certain unallocated restructuring expenses.
Interest expense, net, and Other (income) expense, net

| Three Months Ended |  |
(in millions) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | $ | 43.7 |  |  | $ | 35.8 |  |  |  |  |
Other (income) expense, net | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | (1.1) |  |  |  |  |

The $7.9 million increase in Interest Expense, net during the three months ended April 1, 2023, compared to the prior year period was due primarily to an increase in outstanding borrowings under our New Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined in Item 1. Note 11).
The $1.6 million increase in expense in Other (Income) Expense, net during the three months ended April 1, 2023 compared to the prior year period was due primarily to the absence of a prior year favorable pension plan matter and current year foreign currency and hedging expenses.
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 2
Unallocated, Interest, Other, and Taxes
Income Taxes (Consolidated)
The effective tax rates were as follows:

Three Months Ended |  |
April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  |  |  |
123.8 | % |  | 90.2 | % |  |  |  |

The effective tax rate on the pre-tax income for the three months ended April 1, 2023, increased compared to the effective tax rate on the pre-tax loss for the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to the tax benefit of the loss on sale of our Latin American businesses recognized in the three months ended April 2, 2022, offset by changes in the jurisdictional mix of earnings in the three months ended April 1, 2023. The effective tax rate for this period differs from the statutory income tax rate of 12.5% primarily due to non-deductible expenses, as well as changes in our reserves for unrecognized tax benefits.
FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY, AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
We finance our operations with internally generated funds, supplemented by credit arrangements with third parties and capital market financing. We routinely monitor current and expected operational requirements and financial market conditions to evaluate other available financing sources including term and revolving bank credit and securities offerings. In determining our future capital requirements, we regularly consider, among other factors, known trends and uncertainties, such as tax disputes, the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, inflation and interest rates and other contingencies. We note that no payment of the additional amounts proposed by the IRS in our ongoing tax matters is currently required, and no such payment is expected to be required, unless and until a settlement or other final determination of the matter is reached that is adverse to us (refer to Item 1. Note 15 for additional information on ongoing tax matters).
Based on the foregoing, management believes that our operations and borrowing resources are sufficient to provide for our short-term and long-term capital requirements, as described below. However, an adverse result with respect to our appeal of any material outstanding tax assessments or litigation, including securities or drug pricing matters and product liability cases, damages resulting from third-party claims, and related interest and/or penalties, could ultimately require the use of corporate assets to pay such assessments and any such use of corporate assets would limit the assets available for other corporate purposes. As such, we continue to evaluate the impact of the above factors on liquidity and may determine that modifications to our capital structure are appropriate if market conditions deteriorate, favorable capital market opportunities become available, or any change in conditions relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, inflation and interest rates or other contingencies have a material impact on our capital requirements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents

(in millions) | April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 553.0 |  |  | $ | 600.7 |
Working capital(1) | $ | 1,139.7 |  |  | $ | 1,041.8 |

(1) Working capital represents current assets less current liabilities, excluding cash and cash equivalents and excluding current indebtedness.
Cash, cash equivalents, cash flows from operations, and borrowings available under our credit facilities are expected to be sufficient to finance our liquidity and capital expenditures in both the short and long term. Although our lenders have made commitments to make funds available to us in a timely fashion under our revolving credit agreements and overdraft facilities, if economic conditions worsen or new information becomes publicly available impacting the institutions’ credit rating or capital ratios, these lenders may be unable or unwilling to lend money pursuant to our existing credit facilities. Should our outlook on liquidity requirements change substantially from current projections, we may seek additional sources of liquidity in the future.
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 2
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows
The following table includes summarized cash flow activities:

| Three months ended |  |
(in millions) | April 1, 2023 |  | April 2, 2022 |  | $ Change
Net cash from operating activities | $ | 19.4 |  |  | $ | 79.1 |  |  | $ | (59.7) |
Net cash from (for) investing activities | (19.6) |  |  | 62.7 |  |  | (82.3) |
Net cash from (for) financing activities | (50.7) |  |  | (51.9) |  |  | 1.2 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 3.2 |  |  | (3.7) |  |  | 6.9 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (47.7) |  |  | $ | 86.2 |  |  | $ | (133.9) |

Net cash from (for) Operating Activities
The $59.7 million decrease in operating cash flow was primarily driven by higher working capital, primarily related to increased sales versus the prior year and related to timing of sales and receipt of payments and higher inventory related to distributor transitions as part of the HRA Pharma integration strategy. This was partially offset by an increase in cash flow from the change in net earnings after adjustments for items including accrued income taxes and depreciation and amortization.
Net cash from (for) Investing Activities
The $82.3 million decrease in investing cash flow was due to the absence of proceeds that we had in the prior year from the sale of our Latin American businesses, an ANDA for a generic topical lotion related to our RX business sale, and from the sale of ScarAway® brand asset.
Net cash from (for) Financing Activities
The $1.2 million increase in financing cash flow was due primarily to installment and working capital proceeds in the current year from the sale of our Latin American businesses, partially offset by payments on our New Senior Secured Credit Facilities and an increase in dividend payments compared to the prior year.
Borrowings and Capital Resources
Credit Agreements
On April 20, 2022, we entered into two new term loans consisting of (i) a $500 million five-year term loan (the "2022 Term Loan A Facility"), and (ii) a $1.1 billion seven-year loan (the "2022 Term Loan B Facility" and, together with the 2022 Term Loan A Facility, the "2022 Term Loan Facilities"). Refer to Item I Note 11 for further information.
As of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we ha d $1,582.4 million and $1,588.3 million outstanding under the 2022 Term Loan Facilities, respectively. Our short term debt as of April 1, 2023 of $36.2 million is comprised of (i) principal payments of the 2022 Term Loan Facilities and (ii) leases.
The interest rate net of derivatives results in a fixed rate on a substantial portion of our long-term debt, the earliest of which matures in 2024.
On April 20, 2022, we and our wholly owned subsidiary, Perrigo Investments, LLC, entered into a $1.0 billion five-year revolving credit facility (the "2022 Revolver") as part of its New Senior Secured Credit Facilities (as defined in Item 1. Note 11). There were no borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Revolver as of April 1, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
We are in compliance with all the covenants under our debt agreements as of April 1, 2023.
Other Financing
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 2
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have overdraft facilities available that we may use to support our cash management operations. There were no borrowings outstanding under the overdraft facilities as of April 1, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
Leases
We had $232.7 million and $238.6 million of lease liabilities and $232.7 million and $239.1 million of lease assets as of April 1, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Credit Ratings
Our credit ratings on April 1, 2023 were Ba2 (negative), BB (stable), and BB+ (stable), by Moody's Investor Services, S&P Global Ratings, and Fitch Ratings Inc., respectively.
The interest of the 3.150% Senior Notes due 2030 stepped up from 3.900% to 4.400% on payments made after June 15, 2022 due to a credit ratings downgrade by Moody’s Investor Services in the first quarter of 2022. On March 15, 2023, Moody's downgraded our Corporate Family Rating to Ba2 from Ba1 and senior unsecured notes ratings to Ba3 from Ba2 and the rating outlooks remained negative. Due to the downgrade, the interest of the 3.150% Senior Notes due 2030 will be stepped up from 4.400% to 4.650% on payments made after June 15, 2023. Future interest rate adjustments are subject to a 2.0% total cap above the original 3.150% interest rate based on certain rating events as specified in the Note’s Supplemental Indenture No. 3, dated as of June 19, 2020, among Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company, Perrigo Company plc and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee.
Guarantor Financial Information
As detailed in Item 1. Note 11, our Guarantor Subsidiaries and the Borrower under the New Senior Secured Credit Facilities provide full and unconditional guarantees, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, of the 5.300% Notes due 2043 issued by the Company, and the Loan Parties provide full and unconditional guarantees, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis, of the 3.900% Notes due 2024, the 4.375% Notes due 2026, the 4.400% Notes due 2030 and the 4.900% Notes due 2044 issued by Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company.
The guarantees of the Guarantor Subsidiaries, the Company and the Borrower are subject to release in limited circumstances only upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions. The guarantees of the Guarantor Subsidiaries, the Company and the Borrower rank senior in right of payment to any future subordinated indebtedness of the Company, equal in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future senior indebtedness and effectively subordinated to any of the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness.
Basis of Presentation
The following tables include summarized financial information of the obligor groups of debt issued by Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company and Perrigo Company plc. The summarized financial information of each obligor group is presented on a combined basis with balances and transactions within the obligor group eliminated. Investments in and the equity in earnings of non-guarantor subsidiaries, which would otherwise be consolidated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, are excluded from the below summarized financial information pursuant to SEC Regulation S-X Rule 13-01.
The summarized balance sheet information for the consolidated obligor group of debt issued by Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company and Perrigo Company plc is presented in the table below:

| April 1, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Current Assets | $ | 1,908.8 |  |  | $ | 1,975.7 |
Non-current Assets | $ | 4,735.1 |  |  | $ | 4,819.1 |
Current liabilities | $ | 662.3 |  |  | $ | 734.9 |
Non-current liabilities | $ | 11,017.2 |  |  | $ | 11,036.2 |
Due to non-guarantors | $ | 6,329.1 |  |  | $ | 6,346.4 |

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Perrigo Company plc - Item 2
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
The summarized results of operations information for the consolidated obligor group of debt issued by Perrigo Finance Unlimited Company and Perrigo Company plc is presented in the table below:

| Three Months Ended |  |
| April 1, 2023 |  |
Total Revenues | $ | 840.9 |  |  |
Gross Profit | $ | 229.6 |  |  |
Operating Income (loss) | $ | 2.6 |  |  |
Net Income (loss) | $ | (13.9) |  |  |
Revenue from non-guarantors | $ | 78.9 |  |  |
Other (income) expense to non-guarantors | $ | (48.0) |  |  |

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have a material current effect or that are reasonably likely to have a material future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, net sales or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources.
Contractual Obligations
There were no material changes in contractual obligations as of April 1, 2023 from those provided in our 2022 Form 10-K.
Significant Accounting Policies
There have been no material changes to the significant accounting policies as disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The determination of certain amounts in our financial statements requires the use of estimates. These estimates are based upon our historical experiences combined with management’s understanding of current facts and circumstances. Although the estimates are considered reasonable based on the currently available information, actual results could differ from the estimates we have used. There have been no material changes to the critical accounting estimates as disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes to our quantitative or qualitative disclosures found in Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," of our 2022 Form 10-K.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of April 1, 2023. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that all material information relating to us and our consolidated subsidiaries required to be included in our periodic SEC filings would be made known to them by others within those entities in a timely manner and that no changes are required at this time.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of April 1, 2023. The framework used in carrying out our evaluation was the 2013 Internal Control - Integrated Framework published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations ("COSO") of the Treadway Commission. In evaluating our information
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 4
Controls and Procedures
technology controls, we also used components of the framework contained in the Control Objectives for Information and related Technology, which was developed by the Information Systems Audit and Control Association’s IT Governance Institute, as a complement to the COSO internal control framework. Management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 1, 2023. The results of management’s assessment have been reviewed with our Audit Committee.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended April 1, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Refer to Item 1. Note 15 and Item 1. Note 16 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes a detailed discussion of our risk factors. At the time of this filing, there have been no material changes to the risk factors that were included in the Form 10-K, other than the risk factor as described below.
We operate in highly regulated industries, and any inability to timely meet current or future regulatory requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
We operate in highly regulated industries in numerous countries and are subject to the regulations of a variety of U.S. and non-U.S. agencies related to the manufacturing, processing, formulation, packaging, labeling, testing, storing, distribution, import, export, advertising, and sale (including cost, pricing and reimbursement) of our products, as described in detail in Item 1. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Changes in laws, regulations, and practices in the countries in which we operate, which may be impacted by political pressure and other factors outside of our control, may be difficult or expensive for us to comply with, could restrict or delay our ability to manufacture, distribute, sell or market our products, and may adversely affect our revenue, operating results, and financial condition or impose significant administrative burdens. Moreover, changes in the interpretation of existing regulations or practices by such regulators could result in changes in the legal requirements affecting us (including with retroactive effect). Divergence in regulatory approach from country to country, and between the EU and individual member states, adds cost and complexity to the compliance framework; and differences in requirements and/or implementation dates in different jurisdictions may provide competitive advantages to manufacturers that operate in other locations. If our products fail to meet regulatory requirements, our sales may be adversely affected, we may incur fines and penalties, and our exposure to liability relating to product-based claims may increase. Below are some examples of ways in which regulatory risk may impact us:
•On July 14, 2021, the European Commission adopted a set of proposals to ensure polices are aligned with the goal of reducing net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 (the "EU Green Deal"). There is a growing focus on environmental impact of self-care products, their ingredients, components, packaging, manufacturing, and disposal. This focus could lead to new requirements and restrictions in the coming years across all product categories.
•We must obtain approval from the appropriate regulatory agencies in order to manufacture and sell our products in the regions in which we operate. Obtaining this approval can be time consuming and costly. When we submit an application for market authorization, there can be no assurance that the regulator will approve that application on a timely basis or at all.
•U.S. law encourages generic competition by providing eligibility for first generic marketing exclusivity if certain conditions are met. If we are granted generic exclusivity, the exclusivity may be shared with other companies; or we may forfeit 180-day exclusivity if we fail to obtain regulatory approval and begin marketing within the statutory requirements. If we are not the first to file our ANDA, the FDA may grant 180-day
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Perrigo Company plc - Item 1A
Risk Factors
exclusivity to another company, thereby effectively delaying the launch of our product and/or possibly reducing our market share.
•U.S. and global regulatory agencies regularly inspect our manufacturing facilities and the facilities of our third-party suppliers for good manufacturing practices ("GMP") and other regulatory compliance. The failure of one of these facilities to comply with applicable laws and regulations may lead to a breach of representations made to our customers, or to regulatory or government action against us related to the products made in that facility, including suspension of or delay in regulatory approvals and product seizure, injunction, recall, suspension of production or distribution of our products, a total or partial shutdown of production in one or more facilities, loss of licenses or other governmental penalties, or civil or criminal prosecution, which could result in increased cost, lost revenue, or reputational damage.
•U.S. and global regulatory agencies regularly inspect our manufacturing facilities and the facilities of our third-party suppliers for GMP and other regulatory compliance. The failure of one of these facilities to comply with applicable laws and regulations may lead to a breach of representations made to our customers, or to regulatory or government action against us related to the products made in that facility, including suspension of or delay in regulatory approvals and product seizure, injunction, recall, suspension of production or distribution of our products, loss of licenses or other governmental penalties, or civil or criminal prosecution, which could result in increased cost, lost revenue, or reputational damage.
•In 2020, regulatory agencies globally, including the FDA and the European Medicines Agency, issued guidance on assessing and controlling nitrosamine impurities in medicine products. We are continuing to undertake a review of our product portfolio in accordance with regulatory guidance to assess the risk of the presence of nitrosamine impurities. Any finding of nitrosamine impurities exceeding levels set by regulatory authorities may require us to adopt modified product sourcing and/or manufacturing processes or to initiate product withdrawal.
•Rx-to-OTC switches are part of our future growth. If regulatory agencies fail to approve Rx-to-OTC switches in new product categories or reassess the terms of existing OTC classifications, our growth prospects and product mix would be impaired. Further, regulatory agencies may reassess the terms of OTC classification if they perceive a shift in the previously assessed benefit/risk profile. Any such reassessment could lead to OTC products reverting to prescription. For example, as described in Item 1. of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, Irish regulators are undertaking a formal review of non-prescription codeine products, which could result in the reclassification of codeine to prescription only after a brief transition period. A final opinion is expected by the end of the third quarter of 2023. Sales of products containing codeine in Ireland were approximately $8 million in 2022. Moreover, a reclassification by Ireland could lead to reviews in other jurisdictions as well.
•Our infant formula products may be subject to barriers or sanctions imposed by countries or international organizations limiting international trade and dictating the content of such products. If governments enhance regulations on the infant formula industry by, for example, requiring additional testing or compulsory batch-by-batch inspection, or impose additional requirements on manufacturing practices, our sales and operating margins in this category could be adversely affected as it is costly to comply with such new regulations or requirements, and to develop compliant products and processes for our infant formula products.
•The regulation of List I chemicals complicate our supply chain, and adverse regulatory actions may result in temporary or permanent interruption of distribution of our products, withdrawal of our products from the market, or other penalties. If we are unable to obtain necessary quotas for List I chemicals, we risk having delayed product launches or failing to meet commercial supply obligations.
•Very recently the European Parliament voted of a proposal to extend the EU's Medical Device Regulation ("MDR") transition periods until 2027-2028, together with an extended validity of existing medical device certificates and the possibility to sell off existing medical device products until end of shelf-life. With this decision the European Parliament took into account that there is currently a shortage in the number of Notified Bodies authorized to carry out conformity assessments required under MDR.
•Increased scrutiny of product classifications by government agencies can result in investigations and prosecutions, which carry the risk of significant civil and criminal penalties, including but not limited to, debarment from government business and prohibition to continue the business.
46

Perrigo Company plc - Item 6
Exhibits
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number |  | Description
3.1 |  | Certificate of Incorporation of Perrigo Company plc (formerly known as Perrigo Company Limited) (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on December 19, 2013).
3.2 |  | Memorandum and Articles of Association of Perrigo Company plc, as amended and restated (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 10, 2017).
10.1 |  | Amendment No. 1 to Annual Incentive Plan (filed herewith).
10.2 |  | Forms of OI Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (filed herewith).
10.3 |  | Forms of rTSR Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (filed herewith).
10.4 |  | Forms of Service-based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (filed herewith).
10.5 |  | Forms of Performance-Based and Service-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreements for Murray Kessler (filed herewith).
22 |  | List of Guarantor Subsidiaries (filed herewith).
31.1 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by Murray S. Kessler, Chief Executive Officer (filed herewith).
31.2 |  | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification by E duardo Bezerra, Chief Financial Officer (filed herewith).
32 |  | Certification Pursuant to 18 United States Code 1350 and Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (furnished herewith).
101. INS |  | XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Date File, formatted in Inline XBRL (contained in Exhibit 101).

47

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | PERRIGO COMPANY PLC
|  |  | (Registrant)
Date: | May 9, 2023 |  | /s/ Murray S. Kessler
|  |  | Murray S. Kessler
|  |  | Chief Executive Officer and President
|  |  | (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | May 9, 2023 |  | /s/ Eduardo Bezerra
|  |  | Eduardo Bezerra
|  |  | Chief Financial Officer
|  |  | (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

48