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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2021
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 001-32335
___________________________
HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
___________________________

Delaware |  | 88-0488686
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
11388 Sorrento Valley Road |  | 92121
San Diego |  | (Zip Code)
California |  |
(Address of principal executive offices) |  |

(858) 794-8889
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered |  |
Common Stock, $0.001 par value | HALO | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC |  |

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x
The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, was 140,787,020 as of October 25, 2021.

HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
INDEX

|  |  | Page |
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |  |  |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 |  | 3 |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 4 |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 5 |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 6 |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 |  | 7 |
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |  | 8 |
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  | 30 |
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  | 59 |
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |  | 59 |
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |  | 60 |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |  | 60 |
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |  | 60 |
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities |  | 60 |
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |  | 60 |
Item 5. | Other Information |  | 60 |
Item 6. | Exhibits |  | 61 |
| SIGNATURES |  | 62 |

2

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
ASSETS |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 491,683 |  |  | $ | 147,703 |
Marketable securities, available-for-sale |  | 324,237 |  |  | 220,310 |
Accounts receivable, net and other contract assets |  | 112,099 |  |  | 97,730 |
Inventories |  | 55,978 |  |  | 60,747 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  | 33,302 |  |  | 28,274 |
Total current assets |  | 1,017,299 |  |  | 554,764 |
Property and equipment, net |  | 9,588 |  |  | 10,593 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  | 15,552 |  |  | 14,067 |
Deferred tax assets |  | 142,481 |  |  | — |
Restricted cash |  | 500 |  |  | 500 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,185,420 |  |  | $ | 579,924 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 3,322 |  |  | $ | 1,928 |
Accrued expenses |  | 18,335 |  |  | 20,483 |
Deferred revenue, current portion |  | 2,245 |  |  | 1,746 |
Current portion of long-term debt, net |  | 89,251 |  |  | 397,228 |
Total current liabilities |  | 113,153 |  |  | 421,385 |
Deferred revenue, net of current portion |  | 2,530 |  |  | 4,026 |
Long-term debt, net |  | 786,454 |  |  | — |
Other long-term liabilities |  | 1,609 |  |  | 3,466 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |
Preferred stock - $0.001 par value; 20,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding |  | — |  |  | — |
Common stock - $0.001 par value; 300,000 shares authorized; 140,966 and 135,030 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively |  | 141 |  |  | 135 |
Additional paid-in capital |  | 407,229 |  |  | 625,483 |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income |  | (14) |  |  | 22 |
Accumulated deficit |  | (125,682) |  |  | (474,593) |
Total stockholders’ equity |  | 281,674 |  |  | 151,047 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 1,185,420 |  |  | $ | 579,924 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Royalties |  | $ | 58,563 |  |  | $ | 23,931 |  |  | $ | 141,264 |  |  | $ | 56,599 |
Product sales, net |  | 25,047 |  |  | 9,048 |  |  | 77,173 |  |  | 23,532 |
Revenues under collaborative agreements |  | 32,220 |  |  | 32,337 |  |  | 122,870 |  |  | 65,760 |
Total revenues |  | 115,830 |  |  | 65,316 |  |  | 341,307 |  |  | 145,891 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of product sales |  | 18,589 |  |  | 5,568 |  |  | 59,826 |  |  | 17,095 |
Research and development |  | 8,486 |  |  | 7,747 |  |  | 25,564 |  |  | 26,856 |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 13,169 |  |  | 11,702 |  |  | 36,549 |  |  | 35,309 |
Total operating expenses |  | 40,244 |  |  | 25,017 |  |  | 121,939 |  |  | 79,260 |
Operating income |  | 75,586 |  |  | 40,299 |  |  | 219,368 |  |  | 66,631 |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment and other income, net |  | 274 |  |  | 961 |  |  | 771 |  |  | 4,764 |
Inducement expense related to convertible notes |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (20,960) |  |  | — |
Interest expense |  | (1,754) |  |  | (4,990) |  |  | (5,471) |  |  | (15,342) |
Net income before income taxes |  | 74,106 |  |  | 36,270 |  |  | 193,708 |  |  | 56,053 |
Income tax (benefit) expense |  | (142,481) |  |  | 63 |  |  | (142,232) |  |  | 132 |
Net income |  | $ | 216,587 |  |  | $ | 36,207 |  |  | $ | 335,940 |  |  | $ | 55,921 |
Net income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 1.53 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 2.39 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |
Diluted |  | $ | 1.48 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 2.28 |  |  | $ | 0.40 |
Shares used in computing net income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | 142,021 |  |  | 136,578 |  |  | 140,815 |  |  | 136,575 |
Diluted |  | 146,690 |  |  | 142,081 |  |  | 147,652 |  |  | 139,971 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4

HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Net income |  | $ | 216,587 |  |  | $ | 36,207 |  |  | $ | 335,940 |  |  | $ | 55,921 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities |  | 8 |  |  | (640) |  |  | (76) |  |  | 203 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  | — |  |  | (13) |  |  | 15 |  |  | (8) |
Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency |  | 2 |  |  | (7) |  |  | 25 |  |  | (9) |
Total comprehensive income |  | $ | 216,597 |  |  | $ | 35,547 |  |  | $ | 335,904 |  |  | $ | 56,107 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating activities: |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 335,940 |  |  | $ | 55,921 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used) in operating activities: |  |  |  |
Share-based compensation |  | 15,694 |  |  | 13,008 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 2,224 |  |  | 2,484 |
Amortization of debt discount |  | 2,674 |  |  | 10,540 |
Accretion of discounts on marketable securities, net |  | 1,518 |  |  | 477 |
Gain on disposal of equipment |  | — |  |  | (631) |
Recognition of deferred revenue |  | (997) |  |  | (3,870) |
Lease payments deferred |  | (568) |  |  | (759) |
Loss on impairment of right-of-use asset |  | — |  |  | 525 |
Induced conversion expense related to convertible notes |  | 20,960 |  |  | — |
Deferred income taxes (benefits from valuation allowance release) |  | (142,481) |  |  | — |
Other |  | (4) |  |  | (13) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net and other contract assets |  | (14,369) |  |  | (3,109) |
Inventories |  | 5,152 |  |  | (28,338) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  | (6,513) |  |  | (1,567) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | (2,306) |  |  | (40,134) |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 216,924 |  |  | 4,534 |
Investing activities: |  |  |  |
Purchases of marketable securities |  | (283,354) |  |  | (161,488) |
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities |  | 177,833 |  |  | 181,345 |
Purchases of property and equipment |  | (1,299) |  |  | (805) |
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment |  | — |  |  | 861 |
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |  | (106,820) |  |  | 19,913 |
Financing activities: |  |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net |  | 784,875 |  |  | — |
Repayment of long-term debt |  | (369,064) |  |  | (19,560) |
Payment of debt issuance cost |  | (424) |  |  | — |
Repurchase of common stock |  | (189,737) |  |  | (109,970) |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under equity incentive plans, net of taxes paid related to net share settlement |  | 8,226 |  |  | 50,645 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | 233,876 |  |  | (78,885) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | 343,980 |  |  | (54,438) |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 148,203 |  |  | 120,679 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 492,183 |  |  | $ | 66,241 |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |  |
Amounts accrued for purchases of property and equipment |  | $ | 102 |  |  | $ | 531 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligation |  | $ | 318 |  |  | $ | 1,661 |
Pending settlement of common stock repurchase |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,502 |
Common stock issued for induced conversion related to convertible notes |  | $ | 7,865 |  |  | $ | — |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6

HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited) (in thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
|  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  | Shares |  | Amount |
BALANCE AS OF JUNE 30, 2021 |  | 142,181 |  |  | 142 |  |  | 461,897 |  |  | (24) |  |  | (342,269) |  |  | 119,746 |
Share-based compensation expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,399 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,399 |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units, net |  | 348 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,648 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,648 |
Repurchase of common stock |  | (1,563) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (64,715) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (64,716) |
Other comprehensive income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 216,587 |  |  | 216,587 |
BALANCE AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 |  | 140,966 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 407,229 |  |  | (14) |  |  | (125,682) |  |  | 281,674 |
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
|  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  | Shares |  | Amount |
BALANCE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2020 |  | 135,030 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 625,483 |  |  | 22 |  |  | (474,593) |  |  | 151,047 |
Cumulative adjustment from adoption of ASU 2020-06 |  |  |  |  |  | (65,535) |  |  |  |  | 12,971 |  |  | (52,564) |
Share-based compensation expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,694 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 15,694 |
Issuance of common stock for the induced conversion related to convertible notes |  | 9,083 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 13,095 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13,104 |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units, net |  | 1,229 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 8,225 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 8,226 |
Repurchase of common stock |  | (4,376) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (189,733) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (189,737) |
Other comprehensive loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (36) |  |  |  |  | (36) |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 335,940 |  |  | 335,940 |
BALANCE AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 |  | 140,966 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 407,229 |  |  | (14) |  |  | (125,682) |  |  | 281,674 |
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
|  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  | Shares |  | Amount |
BALANCE AS OF JUNE 30, 2020 |  | 136,671 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 688,318 |  |  | 1,086 |  |  | (583,964) |  |  | 105,577 |
Share-based compensation expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,220 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,220 |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units, net |  | 833 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,546 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,546 |
Cancellation of restricted stock awards, net |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Repurchase of common stock |  | (2,135) |  |  | (2) |  |  | (58,900) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (58,902) |
Other comprehensive loss |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (660) |  |  | — |  |  | (660) |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 36,207 |  |  | 36,207 |
BALANCE AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 |  | 135,369 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 646,184 |  |  | 426 |  |  | (547,757) |  |  | 98,988 |
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
|  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity
|  | Shares |  | Amount |
BALANCE AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019 |  | 136,713 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 695,066 |  |  | 240 |  |  | (603,678) |  |  | 91,765 |
Share-based compensation expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,008 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,008 |
Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units, net |  | 4,522 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 50,641 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 50,645 |
Issuance of restricted stock awards, net |  | 61 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Repurchase of common stock |  | (5,927) |  |  | (6) |  |  | (112,466) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (112,472) |
Equity Component of convertible notes |  |  |  |  |  | (65) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (65) |
Other comprehensive income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 186 |  |  | — |  |  | 186 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55,921 |  |  | 55,921 |
BALANCE AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 |  | 135,369 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 646,184 |  |  | 426 |  |  | (547,757) |  |  | 98,988 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
7

HALOZYME THERAPEUTICS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Organization and Business
Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. is a biopharma technology platform company that provides innovative and disruptive solutions with the goal of improving patient experience and outcomes. Our proprietary enzyme, rHuPH20, is used to facilitate the delivery of injected drugs and fluids. We license our technology to biopharmaceutical companies to collaboratively develop products that combine our ENHANZE® drug delivery technology with the collaborators’ proprietary compounds.
Our approved product and our collaborators’ approved products and product candidates are based on rHuPH20, our patented recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme. rHuPH20 is the active ingredient in our first commercially approved product, Hylenex® recombinant, (“Hylenex”), and it works by breaking down hyaluronan (or “HA”), a naturally occurring carbohydrate that is a major component of the extracellular matrix in tissues throughout the body such as skin and cartilage. This temporarily increases dispersion and absorption allowing for improved subcutaneous delivery of injectable biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies and other large therapeutic molecules, as well as small molecules and fluids. We refer to the application of rHuPH20 to facilitate the delivery of other drugs or fluids as our ENHANZE® drug delivery technology (“ENHANZE”). We license the ENHANZE technology to form collaborations with biopharmaceutical companies that develop or market drugs requiring or benefiting from injection via the subcutaneous route of administration. In the development of proprietary intravenous (IV) drugs combined with our ENHANZE technology, data have been generated supporting the potential for ENHANZE to reduce treatment burden, as a result of shorter duration of subcutaneous (SC) administration. ENHANZE may enable fixed-dose SC dosing compared to weight-based dosing required for IV administration, and potentially allow for lower rates of infusion related reactions. ENHANZE may enable more flexible treatment options such as home administration by a healthcare professional or potentially the patient. Lastly, certain proprietary drugs co-formulated with ENHANZE have been granted additional exclusivity, extending the patent life of the product beyond the one of the proprietary IV drug.
We currently have ENHANZE collaborations with F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. and Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc. (“Roche”), Baxalta US Inc. and Baxalta GmbH (members of the Takeda group of companies) (“Baxalta”), Pfizer Inc. (“Pfizer”), Janssen Biotech, Inc. (“Janssen”), AbbVie, Inc. (“AbbVie”), Eli Lilly and Company (“Lilly”), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (“BMS”), Alexion Pharma Holding (AstraZeneca PLC announced the completion of its acquisition of Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in July 2021) (“Alexion”), argenx BVBA (“argenx”), Horizon Therapeutics plc. (“Horizon”) and ViiV Healthcare (the global specialist HIV company majority owned by GlaxoSmithKline) (“ViiV”). We receive royalties from three of these collaborations, including royalties from sales of one product from the Baxalta collaboration, three products from the Roche collaboration and one product from the Janssen collaboration. Future potential revenues from royalties and fees from ENHANZE collaborations and the sales and/or royalties of our approved products will depend on the ability of Halozyme and our collaborators to develop, manufacture, secure and maintain regulatory approvals for approved products and product candidates and commercialize product candidates.
Except where specifically noted or the context otherwise requires, references to “Halozyme,” “the Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements refer to Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., and Halozyme, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH and Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH.
8

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) related to a quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2021. The unaudited financial information for the interim periods presented herein reflects all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented, with such adjustments consisting only of normal recurring adjustments. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for an entire fiscal year.
The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc., and Halozyme, Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH and Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, which are based on historical and anticipated results and trends and on various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty and, as such, actual results may differ from management’s estimates.
Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments, readily convertible to cash, that mature within ninety days or less from the date of purchase. As of September 30, 2021, our cash equivalents consisted of money market funds.
Marketable securities are investments with original maturities of more than ninety days from the date of purchase that are specifically identified to fund current operations. Marketable securities are considered available-for-sale. These investments are classified as current assets, even though the stated maturity date may be one year or more beyond the current balance sheet date which reflects management’s intention to use the proceeds from the sale of these investments to fund our operations, as necessary. Such available-for-sale investments are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The cost of marketable securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums or accretion of discounts to maturity, and such amortization or accretion is included in investment and other income, net in the interim unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. We use the specific identification method for calculating realized gains and losses on marketable securities sold. None of the realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be as a result of credit loss on marketable securities, if any, are included in investment and other income, net in the interim unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Restricted Cash
Under the terms of the leases of our facilities, we are required to maintain letters of credit as security deposits during the terms of such leases. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, restricted cash of $0.5 million was pledged as collateral for the letters of credit.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The authoritative guidance for fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.
9

Our financial instruments include cash equivalents, available-for-sale marketable securities, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and long-term debt. Fair value estimates of these instruments are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information. These estimates may be subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. The carrying amount of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses are generally considered to be representative of their respective fair values because of the short-term nature of those instruments.
Available-for-sale marketable securities consist of asset-backed securities, corporate debt securities, U.S. Treasury securities and commercial paper, and are measured at fair value using Level 1 and Level 2 inputs. Level 2 financial instruments are valued using market prices on less active markets and proprietary pricing valuation models with observable inputs, including interest rates, yield curves, maturity dates, issue dates, settlement dates, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issue spreads, benchmark securities or other market related data. We obtain the fair value of Level 2 investments from our investment manager, who obtains these fair values from a third-party pricing source. We validate the fair values of Level 2 financial instruments provided by our investment manager by comparing these fair values to a third-party pricing source.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. Inventories are reviewed periodically for potential excess, dated or obsolete status. We evaluate the carrying value of inventories on a regular basis, taking into account such factors as historical and anticipated future sales compared to quantities on hand, the price we expect to obtain for products in their respective markets compared with historical cost and the remaining shelf life of goods on hand.
As of September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2020, inventories consisted of $1.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of Hylenex inventory, net and $54.4 million and $59.4 million, respectively, of bulk rHuPH20.
Leases
The Company has entered into operating leases primarily for real estate and automobiles. These leases have terms which range from 3 years to 6 years. We determine if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. Right of use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities resulting from operating leases are included in property and equipment, accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the discount rate to calculate the present value of future payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Our leases often include options to extend or terminate the lease. These options are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Short-term leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately. For certain equipment leases, such as automobiles, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
10

Revenue Recognition
We generate revenues from payments received under collaborative agreements and product sales. We recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers we perform the following five steps: (i) identify the promised goods or services in the contract; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, including whether they are distinct in the context of the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price, including the constraint on variable consideration; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligations.
Revenues under Collaborative Agreements
Under these agreements, we grant the collaboration partner a worldwide license to develop and commercialize products using our ENHANZE technology to combine our patented rHuPH20 enzyme with their proprietary biologics directed at up to a specified number of targets. Targets are usually licensed on an exclusive, global basis. Targets selected subsequent to inception of the arrangement require payment of an additional license fee. The collaboration partner is responsible for all development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory, sales and marketing costs for any products developed under the agreement. We are responsible for supply of bulk rHuPH20 based on the collaboration partner’s purchase orders and may also be separately engaged to perform research and development services. While these collaboration agreements are similar in that they originate from the same framework, each one is the result of an arms-length negotiation and thus may vary from one to the other.
We collect an upfront license payment from collaboration partners and are also entitled to receive event-based payments subject to collaboration partners’ achievement of specified development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. In several agreements, collaboration partners pay us annual fees to maintain their exclusive license rights if they are unable to advance product development to specified stages. We earn separate fees for bulk rHuPH20 supplies and research and development services. In addition, collaboration partners will pay us royalties at an on average mid-single digit percent rate of their sales if products under the collaboration are commercialized. All amounts owed to us are noncancelable after the underlying triggering event occurs, and nonrefundable once paid. Unless terminated earlier in accordance with its terms, collaborations generally continue in effect until the last to expire royalty payment term, as determined on a product by product and on a country by country basis, with each royalty term starting on the first commercial sale of that product and ending the later of: (i) a specified period or term set forth in the agreement or (ii) expiration of the last to expire of the valid claims of our patents covering rHuPH20 or other specified patents developed under the collaboration which valid claim covers a product developed under the collaboration. When there are no valid claims during the applicable royalty term in a given country, the royalty rate is reduced for those sales. Collaboration partners may terminate the agreement prior to expiration for any reason in its entirety or on a target-by-target basis generally upon 90 days prior written notice to us. Upon any such termination, the license granted to collaboration partners (in total or with respect to the terminated target, as applicable) will terminate provided, however, that in the event of expiration of the agreement (as opposed to a termination), the on-going licenses granted will become perpetual, non-exclusive and fully paid.
Although these agreements are in form identified as collaborative agreements, we concluded for accounting purposes they represent contracts with customers and are not subject to accounting literature on collaborative arrangements. This is because we grant to collaboration partners licenses to our intellectual property and provide supply of bulk rHuPH20 and research and development services which are all outputs of our ongoing activities, in exchange for consideration. Under these collaborative agreements, we do not develop assets jointly with collaboration partners, and do not share in significant risks of their development or commercialization activities. Accordingly, we concluded our collaborative agreements are appropriately accounted for pursuant to ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
Under all of our collaborative agreements, we have identified licenses to use functional intellectual property as the only performance obligation. The intellectual property underlying the license is our proprietary ENHANZE technology which represents application of rHuPH20 to facilitate delivery of drugs or fluids. Each of the licenses grants the collaboration partners rights to use our intellectual property as it exists and is identified on the effective date of the license, because there is no ongoing development of the ENHANZE technology required. Therefore, we recognize revenue from licenses at the point when the license becomes effective and the collaboration partner has received access to our intellectual property, usually at the inception of the agreement.
When collaboration partners can select additional targets to add to the licenses granted, we consider these rights to be options. We evaluate whether such options contain material rights, i.e. have exercise prices that are discounted compared to what we would charge for a similar license to a new collaboration partner. The exercise price of these options includes a combination of the target selection fees, event-based milestone payments and royalties. When these amounts in aggregate are not offered at a discount that exceeds discounts available to other customers, we conclude the option does not contain a material
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right, and we consider grants of additional licensing rights upon option exercises to be separate contracts (target selection contracts).
We provide customary indemnification and protection of licensed intellectual property for our customers. These provisions are part of assurance that the licenses meet the agreements’ representations and are not obligations to provide goods or services.
We also fulfill purchase orders for supply of bulk rHuPH20 and perform research and development services pursuant to projects authorization forms for our collaboration partners, which represent separate contracts. Additionally, we price our supply of bulk rHuPH20 and research and development services at our regular selling prices, called standalone selling price or “SSP”. Therefore, our collaboration partners do not have material rights to order these items at prices not reflective of SSP. Refer to the discussion below regarding recognition of revenue for these separate contracts.
Transaction price for a contract represents the amount to which we are entitled in exchange for providing goods and services to the customer. Transaction price does not include amounts subject to uncertainties unless it is probable that there will be no significant reversal of revenue when the uncertainty is resolved. Apart from the upfront license payment (or target selection fees in the target selection contracts), all other fees we may earn under our collaborative agreements are subject to significant uncertainties of product development. Achievement of many of the event-based development and regulatory milestones may not be probable until such milestones are actually achieved. This generally relates to milestones such as obtaining marketing authorization approvals. With respect to other development milestones, e.g. dosing of a first patient in a clinical trial, achievement could be considered probable prior to its actual occurrence, based on the progress towards commencement of the trial. In order to evaluate progress towards commencement of a trial, we assess the status of activities leading up to our collaboration partner’s initiation of a trial such as feedback received from the applicable regulatory authorities, completion of IND or equivalent filings, readiness and availability of drug, readiness of study sites and our collaboration partner’s commitment of resources to the program. We do not include any amounts subject to uncertainties into the transaction price until it is probable that the amount will not result in a significant reversal of revenue in the future. At the end of each reporting period, we re-evaluate the probability of achievement of such milestones and any related constraint, and if necessary, adjust our estimate of the overall transaction price.
When target exchange rights are held by collaboration partners, and the amounts attributed to these rights are not refundable, they are included in the transaction price. However, they are recorded as deferred revenues because we have a potential performance obligation to provide a new target upon an exchange right being exercised. These amounts are recognized in revenue when the right of exchange expires or is exercised.
Because our agreements have one type of performance obligation (licenses) which are typically all transferred at the same time at agreement inception, allocation of transaction price often is not required. However, allocation is required when licenses for some of the individual targets are subject to rights of exchange, because revenue associated with these targets cannot be recognized. We perform an allocation of the upfront amount based on relative SSP of licenses for individual targets. We determine license SSP using income-based valuation approach utilizing risk-adjusted discounted cash flow projections of the estimated return a licensor would receive. When amounts subject to uncertainties, such as milestones and royalties, are included in the transaction price, we attribute them to the specific individual target licenses which generate such milestone or royalty amounts.
We also estimate SSP of bulk rHuPH20 and research and development services, to determine that our collaboration partners do not have material rights to order them at discounted prices. For supplies of bulk rHuPH20, because we effectively act as a contract manufacturer to our collaboration partners, we estimate and charge SSP based on the typical contract manufacturer margins consistently with all of our collaborative partners. We determine SSP of research and development services based on a fully-burdened labor rate. Our rates are comparable to those we observe in other collaborative agreements. We also have a history of charging similar rates to all of our collaboration partners.
Upfront amounts allocated to licenses to individual targets are recognized as revenue when the license is transferred to the collaboration partner, as discussed above, if the license is not subject to exchange rights, or when the exchange right expires or is exercised. Development milestones and other fees are recognized in revenue when they are included in the transaction price, because by that time we have already transferred the related license to the collaboration partner.
Sales-based milestones and royalties cannot be recognized until the underlying sales occur. We do not receive final royalty reports from our collaboration partners until after we complete our financial statements for a prior quarter. Therefore, we recognize revenue based on estimates of the royalty earned, which are based on internal estimates and available preliminary reports provided by our collaboration partners. We will record a true-up in the following quarter if necessary, when final royalty reports are received. To date, we have not recorded any material true-ups.
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In contracts to provide research and development services, such services represent the only performance obligation. The fees are charged based on hours worked by our employees and the fixed contractual rate per hour, plus third-party pass-through costs, on a monthly basis. We recognize revenues as the related services are performed based on the amounts billed, as the collaboration partner consumes the benefit of research and development work simultaneously as we perform these services, and the amounts billed reflect the value of these services to the customer.
Refer to Note 4 Revenue, for further discussion on our collaborative arrangements.
Product Sales, Net
Hylenex Recombinant
We sell Hylenex recombinant in the U.S. to wholesale pharmaceutical distributors, who sell the product to hospitals and other end-user customers. Sales to wholesalers are made pursuant to purchase orders subject to the terms of a master agreement, and delivery of individual packages of Hylenex recombinant represent performance obligations under each purchase order. We use a contract manufacturer to produce Hylenex recombinant and a third-party logistics (3PL) vendor to process and fulfill orders. We concluded we are the principal in the sales to wholesalers because we control access to services rendered by both vendors and direct their activities. We have no significant obligations to wholesalers to generate pull-through sales.
Selling prices initially billed to wholesalers are subject to discounts for prompt payment and subsequent chargebacks when wholesalers sell Hylenex recombinant at negotiated discounted prices to members of certain group purchasing organizations (“GPOs”) and government programs. We also pay quarterly distribution fees to certain wholesalers for inventory reporting and chargeback processing, and to GPOs as administrative fees for services and for access to GPO members. We concluded the benefits received in exchange for these fees are not distinct from our sales of Hylenex recombinant, and accordingly we apply these amounts to reduce revenues. Wholesalers also have rights to return unsold product nearing or past the expiration date. Because of the shelf life of Hylenex recombinant and our lengthy return period, there may be a significant period of time between when the product is shipped and when we issue credits on returned product.
We estimate the transaction price when we receive each purchase order taking into account the expected reductions of the selling price initially billed to the wholesaler arising from all of the above factors. We have compiled historical experience and data to estimate future returns and chargebacks of Hylenex recombinant and the impact of the other discounts and fees we pay. When estimating these adjustments to the transaction price, we reduce it sufficiently to be able to assert that it is probable that there will be no significant reversal of revenue when the ultimate adjustment amounts are known.
Each purchase order contains only one type of product, and is usually shipped to the wholesaler in a single shipment. Therefore, allocation of the transaction price to individual packages is not required.
We recognize revenue from Hylenex recombinant product sales and related cost of sales upon product delivery to the wholesaler location. At that time, the wholesalers take control of the product as they take title, bear the risk of loss of ownership, and have an enforceable obligation to pay us. They also have the ability to direct sales of product to their customers on terms and at prices they negotiate. Although wholesalers have product return rights, we do not believe they have a significant incentive to return the product to us.
Upon recognition of revenue from product sales of Hylenex recombinant, the estimated amounts of credit for product returns, chargebacks, distribution fees, prompt payment discounts, and GPO fees are included in sales reserves, accrued liabilities and net of accounts receivable. We monitor actual product returns, chargebacks, discounts and fees subsequent to the sale. If these amounts differ from our estimates, we make adjustments to these allowances, which are applied to increase or reduce product sales revenue and earnings in the period of adjustment.
In connection with the orders placed by wholesalers, we incur costs such as commissions to our sales representatives. However, as revenue from product sales is recognized upon delivery to the wholesaler, which occurs shortly after we receive a purchase order, we do not capitalize these commissions and other costs, based on application of the practical expedient allowed within the applicable guidance.
Bulk rHuPH20
We sell bulk rHuPH20 to collaboration partners for use in research and development; subsequent to receiving marketing approval, we sell it for use in collaboration commercial products. Sales are made pursuant to purchase orders subject to the terms of the collaborative agreement, and delivery of units of bulk rHuPH20 represent performance obligations under each purchase order. We provide a standard warranty that the product conforms to specifications. We use contract manufacturers to produce bulk rHuPH20 and have concluded we are the principal in the sales to collaboration partners. The transaction price for each purchase order of bulk rHuPH20 is fixed based on the cost of production plus a contractual markup, and is not subject to
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adjustments. Allocation of the transaction price to individual quantities of the product is usually not required because each order contains only one type of product.
We recognize revenue from the sale of bulk rHuPH20 as product sales and related cost of sales upon transfer of title to our partners. At that time, the partners take control of the product, bear the risk of loss of ownership, and have an enforceable obligation to pay us.
Revenue Presentation
In our statements of operations, we report as revenues under collaborative agreements the upfront payments, event-based development and regulatory milestones and sales milestones. We also include in this category revenues from separate research and development contracts pursuant to project authorization forms. We report royalties received from collaboration partners as a separate line in our statements of operations.
Revenues from sales of Hylenex recombinant, bulk rHuPH20 that has alternative future use and ENHANZE drug product are included in product sales, net.
In the footnotes to our condensed consolidated financial statements, we provide disaggregated revenue information by type of arrangement (product sales, net, collaborative agreements and research and development services), and additionally, by type of payment stream received under collaborative agreements (upfront license fees, event-based development and regulatory milestones and other fees, sales milestones and royalties).
Cost of Product Sales
Cost of product sales consists primarily of raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, fill and finish costs, freight costs, internal costs and manufacturing overhead associated with the production of Hylenex recombinant and bulk rHuPH20 and ENHANZE drug product. Cost of product sales also consists of the write-down of excess, dated and obsolete inventories and the write-off of inventories that do not meet certain product specifications, if any.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses include salaries and benefits, facilities and other overhead expenses, research related manufacturing services, contract services and other outside expenses. Research and development expenses are charged to operating expenses as incurred when these expenditures relate to our research and development efforts and have no alternative future uses.
We are obligated to make upfront payments upon execution of certain research and development agreements. Advance payments, including nonrefundable amounts, for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development activities are deferred. Such amounts are recognized as expense as the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed or such time when we do not expect the goods to be delivered or services to be performed.
Share-Based Compensation
We record compensation expense associated with stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance stock units (“PSUs”) and shares issued under our employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) in accordance with the authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation. The cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Share-based compensation expense for an award with a performance condition is recognized when the achievement of such performance condition is determined to be probable. If the outcome of such performance condition is not determined to be probable or is not met, no compensation expense is recognized and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed. Forfeitures are recognized as a reduction of share-based compensation expense as they occur.
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Income Taxes
We provide for income taxes using the liability method. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities at each year end and their respective tax bases and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Significant judgment is required by management to determine our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the valuation allowance to record against our net deferred tax assets, which are based on complex and evolving tax regulations throughout the world. Deferred tax assets (“DTA”) and other tax benefits are recorded when they are more likely than not to be realized. We maintain a full valuation allowance on our DTAs until there is sufficient evidence to support the reversal of all or some portion of these allowances. On a periodic basis, we reassess the valuation allowance of our DTAs, weighing all positive and negative evidence, to assess if it is more-likely-than-not that some or all of our DTAs will be realized. As of the third quarter of 2021, we have demonstrated profitability and cumulative pretax income and are forecasting income growth. After assessing both the positive and negative evidence, we determined that it was more likely than not that our DTAs would be realized and released the valuation allowance related to federal and state DTAs as of September 30, 2021, resulting in a benefit from income taxes of $142.5 million. We estimated that our annual effective income tax rate to be (57.63)% for 2021 compared to the 0.17% effective income tax rate for 2020. The primary difference relates to the release of our valuation allowance. We will continue to evaluate the need for valuation allowances for our DTAs.
Segment Information
We operate our business in one segment, which includes all activities related to the research, development and commercialization of our proprietary enzymes. This segment also includes revenues and expenses related to (i) research and development and bulk rHuPH20 manufacturing activities conducted under our collaborative agreements with third parties and (ii) product sales of Hylenex recombinant. The chief operating decision-maker reviews the operating results on an aggregate basis and manages the operations as a single operating segment.
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Adoption and Pending Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The following table provides a brief description of recently issued accounting standards, those adopted in the current period and those not yet adopted:

Standard |  | Description |  | Effective Date |  | Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) |  | The new guidance eliminates the beneficial conversion and cash conversion accounting models for convertible instruments. It also amends the accounting for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently accounted for as derivatives because of specific settlement provisions. In addition, the new guidance modifies how particular convertible instruments and certain contracts that may be settled in cash or shares impact the diluted EPS computation. |  | January 1, 2022 (Early adoption permitted effective January 1, 2021) |  | We early adopted ASU 2020-06 as of January 1, 2021 on a modified retrospective basis, which resulted in an approximately $65.5 million decrease in additional paid in capital from the derecognition of the bifurcated equity component, $52.6 million increase in debt from the derecognition of the discount associated with the bifurcated equity component and $13.0 million decrease to the opening balance of accumulated deficit, representing the cumulative non-cash interest expense recognized related to the amortization of the bifurcated conversion option related to the 2024 Convertible Notes. We derecognized the related deferred tax liabilities of $11.8 million with a corresponding adjustment to the valuation allowance, resulting in no net impact to the cumulative adjustment to retained earnings. As we committed to settle the principal amount of the convertible notes in cash upon conversion, shares used for diluted EPS will continue to be limited to the excess conversion value over the principal amount of the convertible note. Diluted earnings per share is also impacted due to the elimination of non-cash interest expense associated with the amortization of the equity component.

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3. Fair Value Measurement
Available-for-sale marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Asset-backed securities |  | $ | 27,827 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | (12) |  |  | $ | 27,817 |
Corporate debt securities |  | 75,686 |  |  | 6 |  |  | (9) |  |  | 75,683 |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | 60,178 |  |  | 29 |  |  | — |  |  | 60,207 |
Non-US Government securities |  | 17,291 |  |  | — |  |  | (2) |  |  | 17,289 |
Commercial paper |  | 143,241 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 143,241 |
|  | $ | 324,223 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | (23) |  |  | $ | 324,237 |

|  | December 31, 2020
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value
Asset-backed securities |  | $ | 17,013 |  |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 17,062 |
Corporate debt securities |  | 69,755 |  |  | 42 |  |  | (8) |  |  | 69,789 |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | 45,110 |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,117 |
Commercial paper |  | 88,342 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 88,342 |
|  | $ | 220,220 |  |  | $ | 98 |  |  | $ | (8) |  |  | $ | 220,310 |

As of September 30, 2021, 11 available-for-sale marketable securities with a fair market value of $66.0 million were in a gross unrealized loss position of $23 thousand. Based on our review of these marketable securities, we believe none of the unrealized loss is as a result of a credit loss as of September 30, 2021, because we do not intend to sell these securities and it is not more-likely-than-not that we will be required to sell these securities before the recovery of their amortized cost basis.
Contractual maturities of available-for-sale debt securities are as follows (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
|  | Estimated Fair Value
Due within one year |  | $ | 286,672 |  |  | $ | 220,310 |
After one but within five years |  | 37,565 |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 324,237 |  |  | $ | 220,310 |

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The following table summarizes, by major security type, our cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
|  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Total estimated fair value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Total estimated fair value
Cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market funds |  | $ | 491,661 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 491,661 |  |  | $ | 140,571 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 140,571 |
Commercial paper |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,000 |  |  | 7,000 |
Available-for-sale marketable securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Asset-backed securities |  | — |  |  | 27,817 |  |  | 27,817 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,062 |  |  | 17,062 |
Corporate debt securities |  | — |  |  | 75,683 |  |  | 75,683 |  |  | — |  |  | 69,789 |  |  | 69,789 |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | 60,207 |  |  | — |  |  | 60,207 |  |  | 45,117 |  |  | — |  |  | 45,117 |
Non-US Government securities |  | — |  |  | 17,289 |  |  | 17,289 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial paper |  | — |  |  | 143,241 |  |  | 143,241 |  |  | — |  |  | 88,342 |  |  | 88,342 |
|  | $ | 551,868 |  |  | $ | 264,030 |  |  | $ | 815,898 |  |  | $ | 185,688 |  |  | $ | 182,193 |  |  | $ | 367,881 |

We had no instruments that were classified within Level 3 as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
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4. Revenue
Our disaggregated revenues were as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Royalties |  | $ | 58,563 |  |  | $ | 23,931 |  |  | $ | 141,264 |  |  | $ | 56,599 |
Product sales, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales of bulk rHuPH20 |  | $ | 18,862 |  |  | $ | 4,104 |  |  | $ | 59,719 |  |  | $ | 11,963 |
Sales of Hylenex |  | 6,185 |  |  | 4,944 |  |  | 17,454 |  |  | 11,569 |
Total product sales, net |  | $ | 25,047 |  |  | $ | 9,048 |  |  | $ | 77,173 |  |  | $ | 23,532 |
Revenues under collaborative agreements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Upfront license and target nomination fees |  | $ | 2,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 42,000 |  |  | $ | 7,264 |
Event-based development and regulatory milestones and other fees |  | — |  |  | 32,000 |  |  | 30,000 |  |  | 57,500 |
Sales-based milestones |  | 30,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 50,000 |  |  | — |
Research and development services |  | 220 |  |  | 337 |  |  | 870 |  |  | 996 |
Total revenues under collaborative agreements |  | $ | 32,220 |  |  | $ | 32,337 |  |  | $ | 122,870 |  |  | $ | 65,760 |
Total revenue |  | $ | 115,830 |  |  | $ | 65,316 |  |  | $ | 341,307 |  |  | $ | 145,891 |

During the three months ended September 30, 2021 we recognized revenue related to licenses granted to collaboration partners in prior periods in the amount of $88.6 million. This amount represents royalties and a sales milestone earned in the current period. We recognized revenue of $0.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2021 that had been included in deferred revenues at December 31, 2020.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 we recognized revenue related to licenses granted to collaboration partners in prior periods in the amount of $221.3 million. This amount represents royalties and sales milestone earned in the current period in addition to $30.0 million of variable consideration in the contracts where uncertainties have been resolved and the development milestones were expected to be achieved or were achieved. We recognized revenue of $1.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 that had been included in deferred revenues at December 31, 2020.
Accounts receivable, net, and deferred revenues (contract liabilities) from contracts with customers, including collaboration partners, consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 112,099 |  |  | $ | 90,730 |
Other contract assets |  | — |  |  | 7,000 |
Deferred revenues |  | 4,775 |  |  | 5,772 |

As of September 30, 2021, the amounts included in the transaction price of our contracts with customers, including collaboration partners, and allocated to goods and services not yet provided were $69.8 million, of which $65.0 million relates to unfulfilled purchase commitments and $4.8 million has been collected and is reported as deferred revenues. The unfulfilled purchase commitments are estimated to be delivered by the end of the third quarter of 2022. Of the total deferred revenues of $4.8 million, $2.2 million is expected to be used by our customers within the next 12 months.
There were no contract assets related to collaborative agreements at September 30, 2021. While we may become entitled to receive additional event-based development and regulatory milestones and other fees under our collaborative agreements, which relate to development milestones deemed probable of receipt for intellectual property licenses granted to collaboration partners in prior periods, no amounts were deemed probable.
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5. Certain Balance Sheet Items
Accounts receivable, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Accounts receivable from product sales to collaborators |  | $ | 18,172 |  |  | $ | 25,198 |
Accounts receivable from revenues under collaborative agreements |  | 30,407 |  |  | 30,404 |
Accounts receivable from royalty payments |  | 59,095 |  |  | 32,098 |
Accounts receivable from other product sales |  | 5,621 |  |  | 4,033 |
Other contract assets |  | — |  |  | 7,000 |
Subtotal |  | 113,295 |  |  | 98,733 |
Allowance for distribution fees and discounts |  | (1,196) |  |  | (1,003) |
Total accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 112,099 |  |  | $ | 97,730 |

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Raw materials |  | $ | 8,109 |  |  | $ | 5,813 |
Work-in-process |  | 21,722 |  |  | 33,738 |
Finished goods |  | 26,147 |  |  | 21,196 |
Total inventories |  | $ | 55,978 |  |  | $ | 60,747 |

Prepaid expenses and other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Prepaid manufacturing expenses |  | $ | 43,324 |  |  | $ | 35,048 |
Other prepaid expenses |  | 3,156 |  |  | 2,510 |
Other assets |  | 2,374 |  |  | 4,783 |
Total prepaid expenses and other assets |  | 48,854 |  |  | 42,341 |
Less long-term portion |  | (15,552) |  |  | (14,067) |
Total prepaid expenses and other assets, current |  | $ | 33,302 |  |  | $ | 28,274 |

Prepaid manufacturing expenses include raw materials, slot reservation fees and other amounts paid to contract manufacturing organizations. Such amounts are reclassified to work-in-process inventory as materials are used or the contract manufacturing organization services are complete.
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Research equipment |  | $ | 7,195 |  |  | $ | 7,085 |
Manufacturing equipment |  | 5,719 |  |  | 5,336 |
Computer and office equipment |  | 5,221 |  |  | 4,826 |
Leasehold improvements |  | 1,628 |  |  | 1,628 |
Subtotal |  | 19,763 |  |  | 18,875 |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |  | (12,600) |  |  | (11,582) |
Subtotal |  | 7,163 |  |  | 7,293 |
Right of use assets |  | 2,425 |  |  | 3,300 |
Property and equipment, net |  | $ | 9,588 |  |  | $ | 10,593 |

Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $0.7 million and $0.8 million, inclusive of ROU asset amortization of $0.4 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 respectively.
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Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $2.2 million and $2.5 million, inclusive of ROU asset amortization of $1.2 million and $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 respectively.
Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Accrued compensation and payroll taxes |  | $ | 7,652 |  |  | $ | 8,078 |
Accrued outsourced manufacturing expenses |  | 2,839 |  |  | 4,535 |
Other accrued expenses |  | 6,029 |  |  | 6,468 |
Lease liability |  | 3,424 |  |  | 4,868 |
Total accrued expenses |  | 19,944 |  |  | 23,949 |
Less long-term portion |  | (1,609) |  |  | (3,466) |
Total accrued expenses, current |  | 18,335 |  |  | $ | 20,483 |

Expense associated with the accretion of the lease liabilities was approximately $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 respectively. Total lease expense for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0.5 million and $0.5 million respectively.
Expense associated with the accretion of the lease liabilities was approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 respectively. Total lease expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $1.5 million and $1.7 million respectively.
Cash paid for amounts related to leases for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0.6 million and $0.8 million, and $2.0 million and $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 respectively.
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6. Long-Term Debt, Net
0.25% Convertible Notes due 2027
In March 2021, we completed the sale of $805.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Convertible Notes” and collectively with the 2024 Convertible Notes the “Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds in connection with the issuance of the 2027 Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers’ fee of $20.1 million, was approximately $784.9 million. We also incurred additional debt issuance costs totaling $0.4 million. Debt issuance costs and the initial purchasers’ fee are presented as a debt discount.
The 2027 Convertible Notes pay interest semi-annually in arrears on March 1st and September 1st of each year at an annual rate of 0.25%. The 2027 Convertible Notes are general unsecured obligations and will rank senior in right of payment to all indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2027 Convertible Notes, will rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, will be effectively junior to any secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and will be structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of our current or future subsidiaries. The 2027 Convertible Notes have a maturity date of March 1, 2027.
Holders may convert their 2027 Convertible Notes at their option only in the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2021, if the last reported sale price per share of common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the five consecutive business days immediately after any five consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on our common stock, as described in the offering memorandum for the 2027 Convertible Notes; (4) if we call such notes for redemption; and (5) at any time from, and including, September 1, 2026 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. The Notes will be convertible, regardless of the foregoing circumstances, at any time from, and including, September 1, 2026 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. As of September 30, 2021, the 2027 Convertible Notes are not convertible.
Upon conversion, we will pay cash for the settlement of principal and for the premium, if applicable, we will pay cash, deliver shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election. The initial conversion rate for the 2027 Convertible Notes will be 12.9576 shares of common stock per $1,000 in principal amount of 2027 Convertible Notes, equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $77.17 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment.
As of September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants and there was no material adverse change in our business, operations or financial condition.
1.25% Convertible Notes due 2024
In November 2019, we completed the sale of $460.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (“2024 Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds in connection with the 2024 Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers’ fee of $12.7 million, was approximately $447.3 million. We also incurred debt issuance cost totaling $0.3 million. Debt issuance costs and the initial purchasers’ fee are presented as a debt discount.
The 2024 Convertible Notes pay interest semi-annually in arrears on June 1st and December 1st of each year, beginning on June 1, 2020, at an annual rate of 1.25%. The 2024 Convertible Notes are general unsecured obligations and will rank senior in right of payment to all indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2024 Convertible Notes, will rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, will be effectively junior to any secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and will be structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of the our current or future subsidiaries. The 2024 Convertible Notes have a maturity date of December 1, 2024.
Holders may convert their 2024 Convertible Notes at their option only in the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2020, if the last reported sale price per share of common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the five consecutive business days immediately after any five consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on our common
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stock, as described in the offering memorandum for the 2024 Convertible Notes; (4) if we call such notes for redemption; and (5) at any time from, and including, June 1, 2024 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. As of September 30, 2021, the 2024 Convertible Notes are convertible and are classified as a current liability.
In January 2021 we notified the note holders of our irrevocable election to settle the principal of the 2024 Convertible Notes in cash and for the premium, if applicable, to deliver shares of common stock. The conversion rate for the 2024 Convertible Notes will be 41.9208 shares of common stock per $1,000 in principal amount of 2024 Convertible Notes, equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $23.85 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment.
In March 2021, we completed a privately negotiated induced conversion of $369.1 million principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes (“Note Repurchases” or the “Induced Conversion”). In connection with the Induced Conversion, we paid approximately $370.2 million in cash, which includes principal and accrued interest, and issued approximately 9.08 million shares of our common stock representing the intrinsic value based on the contractual conversion rate and incremental shares as an inducement for conversion. As a result of the Induced Conversion, we recorded $21.0 million in induced conversion expense which is included in Other income (expense) of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The induced conversion expense represents the fair value of the common stock issued upon conversion in excess of the common stock issuable under the original terms of the 2024 Convertible Notes.
As of September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants and there was no material adverse change in our business, operations or financial condition.
Net Carrying Amounts of the Convertible Notes
The carrying amount and fair value of our Convertible Notes were as follows as of the dates indicated. As disclosed in Note 2, we early adopted ASU 2020-06 as of January 1, 2021 on a modified retrospective basis which adoption is reflected in the following table (in thousands).

|  | September 30, 2021 |  | January 1, 2021
Principal amount: |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 90,936 |  |  | $ | 460,000 |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | 805,000 |  |  | — |
Total Principal Amount |  | $ | 895,936 |  |  | $ | 460,000 |
Unamortized debt discount: |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | (1,685) |  |  | $ | (10,211) |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | (18,546) |  |  | — |
Total unamortized debt discount |  | $ | (20,231) |  |  | $ | (10,211) |
Carrying amount: |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 89,251 |  |  | $ | 449,789 |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | 786,454 |  |  | — |
Total carrying amount |  | $ | 875,705 |  |  | $ | 449,789 |
Fair value based on trading levels (Level 2): |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 162,068 |  |  | $ | 861,738 |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | 731,351 |  |  | — |
Total fair value of outstanding notes |  | $ | 893,419 |  |  | $ | 861,738 |
Remaining amortization per period of debt discount (in years): |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | 3.2 |  | 3.9
2027 Convertible Notes |  | 5.4 |  | n/a

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The following table summarizes the components of interest expense and the effective interest rates for each of our Convertible Notes for the periods shown (in thousands).

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Coupon Interest: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 284 |  |  | $ | 1,438 |  |  | $ | 1,621 |  |  | $ | 4,313 |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 503 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,174 |  |  | $ | — |
Total Coupon Interest |  | $ | 787 |  |  | $ | 1,438 |  |  | $ | 2,795 |  |  | $ | 4,313 |
Amortization of debt discount: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | 3,552 |  |  | $ | 712 |  |  | $ | 10,522 |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 842 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,962 |  |  | $ | — |
Total amortization of debt discount |  | $ | 968 |  |  | $ | 3,552 |  |  | $ | 2,674 |  |  | $ | 10,522 |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 410 |  |  | $ | 4,990 |  |  | $ | 2,333 |  |  | $ | 14,835 |
2027 Convertible Notes |  | $ | 1,345 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,136 |  |  | $ | — |
Total interest expense |  | $ | 1,755 |  |  | $ | 4,990 |  |  | $ | 5,469 |  |  | $ | 14,835 |
Effective interest rates: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2024 Convertible Notes |  | 1.8 | % |  | 5.1 | % |  | 1.8 | % |  | 5.1 | %
2027 Convertible Notes |  | 0.7 | % |  | n/a |  | 0.7 | % |  | n/a

Royalty-backed Loan
In January 2016, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Halozyme Royalty LLC (“Halozyme Royalty”), we received a $150 million loan (the “Royalty-backed Loan”) pursuant to a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with BioPharma Credit Investments IV Sub, LP and Athyrium Opportunities II Acquisition LP (the “Royalty-backed Lenders”). Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. transferred to Halozyme Royalty the right to receive royalty payments from the commercial sales of ENHANZE products owed under the Roche Collaboration and Baxalta Collaboration (“Collaboration Agreements”). The royalty payments from the Collaboration Agreements were used to repay the principal and interest on the loan (the “Royalty Payments”). The Royalty-backed Loan bore interest at a per annum rate of 8.75% plus the three-month LIBOR rate. The three-month LIBOR rate was subject to a floor of 0.7% and a cap of 1.5%. In June 2020, we paid the full remaining balance and final payment of $2.93 million thereby satisfying and discharging all obligations under, and terminating, the Royalty-backed Loan.
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7. Share-based Compensation
Total share-based compensation expense related to share-based awards was comprised of the following (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Research and development |  | $ | 1,842 |  |  | $ | 1,262 |  |  | $ | 5,254 |  |  | $ | 4,115 |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 3,557 |  |  | 2,958 |  |  | 10,440 |  |  | 8,893 |
Share-based compensation expense |  | $ | 5,399 |  |  | $ | 4,220 |  |  | $ | 15,694 |  |  | $ | 13,008 |

Share-based compensation expense by type of share-based award (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Stock options |  | $ | 2,629 |  |  | $ | 2,182 |  |  | $ | 7,747 |  |  | $ | 6,766 |
RSAs, RSUs, PSUs and ESPP |  | 2,770 |  |  | 2,038 |  |  | 7,947 |  |  | 6,242 |
|  | $ | 5,399 |  |  | $ | 4,220 |  |  | $ | 15,694 |  |  | $ | 13,008 |

We granted stock options to purchase approximately 32.5 thousand and 34.7 thousand shares of common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.5 million shares of common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The exercise price of stock options granted is equal to the closing price of the common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model (“Black-Scholes model”). Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of our common stock. The expected term of options granted is based on analyses of historical employee termination rates and option exercises. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield for a period consistent with the expected term of the option in effect at the time of the grant. The dividend yield assumption is based on the expectation of no future dividend payments. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Expected volatility |  | 42.90-44.73% |  | 50.58-51.82% |  | 42.90-46.45% |  | 50.58-51.82%
Average expected term (in years) |  | 4.7 |  | 4.9 |  | 4.7 |  | 5.2
Risk-free interest rate |  | 0.66-0.89% |  | 0.22-0.31% |  | 0.36-0.89% |  | 0.22-1.67%
Expected dividend yield |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |

In February 2021, our Board of Directors approved our 2021 ESPP and our stockholders approved the plan in May 2021. The ESPP enables eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock at the end of each offering period at a price equal to 85% of the fair market value of the shares on the first business day or the last business day of the offering period, whichever is lower. Share purchases are funded through payroll deduction of at least 1% and up to 15% of an employee’s compensation for each payroll period, and no employee may purchase shares under the ESPP that exceeds $25,000 worth of our common stock for a calendar year. As of September 30, 2021, 2,700,000 shares were available for future purchase. The offering period is generally for a six-months period and the first offering period commenced on June 16, 2021. Offering periods shall commence on or about the sixteenth day of June and December of each year and end on or about the fifteenth day of the next December and June respectively, occurring thereafter.
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Total unrecognized estimated compensation cost by type of award and the weighted-average remaining requisite service period over which such expense is expected to be recognized (in thousands, unless otherwise noted):

|  | September 30, 2021
|  | Unrecognized Expense |  | Remaining Weighted-Average Recognition Period (years)
Stock options |  | $ | 22,361 |  |  | 2.42
RSUs |  | $ | 20,211 |  |  | 2.28
PSUs |  | $ | 2,234 |  |  | 2.00
ESPP |  | $ | 78 |  |  | 0.21

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8. Stockholders’ Equity
During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we issued an aggregate of 931,749 and 3,952,311 shares of common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercises of stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $13.81 and $13.54 per share, respectively, for net proceeds of approximately $12.9 million and $53.5 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, we issued 297,696 and 569,701 shares of common stock, respectively, upon vesting of certain RSUs and PSUs for which 94,795 and 142,905 RSUs were withheld from the RSU holders, respectively, to pay for minimum withholding taxes totaling approximately $8.2 million and $5.4 million, respectively. Stock options and unvested restricted units totaling approximately 6.3 million shares and 6.7 million shares of our common stock were outstanding as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Share Repurchases
In November 2019, we announced that the Board of Directors has authorized the initiation of a capital return program to repurchase up to $550.0 million of outstanding common stock over a three-year period. We may utilize a variety of methods including open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs or any combination of such methods. The Board will regularly review this capital return program in connection with a balanced capital allocation strategy. During 2019, we repurchased approximately 11.1 million shares of common stock for $200.0 million at an average price of $18.03.
During 2020, we repurchased 6.5 million shares of common stock for $150.0 million at an average price of $23.05. The shares were purchased through open market transactions and through an Accelerated Share Repurchase (ASR) agreement with Bank of America in December 2020, for which we repurchased $21.7 million of common stock and received 0.5 million shares.
In February 2021, we entered into an ASR agreement with Bank of America to repurchase $75.0 million of common stock. At inception, pursuant to the agreement, we paid $75.0 million to Bank of America and took an initial delivery of 1.3 million shares. In April 2021, we finalized the transaction and received an additional 0.5 million shares. We retired the repurchased shares and they resumed the status of authorized and unissued shares.
We had the following activity under the approved share repurchase programs (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data):

|  | 2021
|  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Weighted-Average Price paid Per Share |  | Total Cost(1)
First quarter (2) |  | 1,775,945 |  |  | $ | 42.89 |  |  | $ | 76,179 |
Second quarter |  | 1,037,547 |  |  | 47.05 |  |  | 48,842 |
Third quarter |  | 1,562,613 |  |  | 41.40 |  |  | 64,717 |
|  | 4,376,105 |  |  | $ | 43.35 |  |  | $ | 189,738 |

(1) Included in the total cost of shares purchased is a commission fee of $0.02 per share.
(2) This includes 0.5 million shares delivered in April upon completion of the ASR.
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9. Net Income per share
Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Outstanding stock options, unvested RSAs, unvested RSUs, unvested PSUs, common shares expected to be issued under our ESPP and the Convertible Notes are considered common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share when net income is reported and their effect is dilutive.
Potentially dilutive common shares issuable upon vesting of stock options, RSAs, RSUs and PSUs are determined using the average share price for each period under the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common shares issuable upon conversion of our Convertible Notes are determined using the if-converted method. Since we have committed to settle the principal amount of the Convertible Notes in cash upon conversion only, the number of shares for the conversion spread will be included as a dilutive common stock equivalent.
A reconciliation of the numerators and the denominators of the basic and diluted net income per common share computations is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 216,587 |  |  | $ | 36,207 |  |  | $ | 335,940 |  |  | $ | 55,921 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding for basic net income per share |  | 142,021 |  |  | 136,578 |  |  | 140,815 |  |  | 136,575 |
Dilutive potential common stock outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock Options |  | 2,595 |  |  | 2,182 |  |  | 2,913 |  |  | 1,936 |
RSAs, RSUs, PSUs and ESPP |  | 437 |  |  | 553 |  |  | 571 |  |  | 538 |
Convertible Notes |  | 1,637 |  |  | 2,768 |  |  | 3,353 |  |  | 922 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding for diluted net income per share |  | 146,690 |  |  | 142,081 |  |  | 147,652 |  |  | 139,971 |
Net income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 1.53 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 2.39 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |
Diluted |  | $ | 1.48 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 2.28 |  |  | $ | 0.40 |

Shares which have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share because their effect was anti-dilutive, include the following (shares in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2021 | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Anti-dilutive securities (1) |  | 13.6 |  | 17.6 |  |  | 13.5 |  |  | 9.1 |

(1). The anti-dilutive securities include outstanding stock options, unvested RSAs, unvested RSUs, unvested PSUs, common shares expected to be issued under our ESPP and Convertible Notes.
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10. Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, we may be involved in disputes, including litigation, relating to claims arising out of operations in the normal course of our business. Any of these claims could subject us to costly legal expenses and, while we generally believe that we have adequate insurance to cover many different types of liabilities, our insurance carriers may deny coverage or our policy limits may be inadequate to fully satisfy any damage awards or settlements. If this were to happen, the payment of any such awards could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial position. Additionally, any such claims, whether or not successful, could damage our reputation and business. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.
Our commitments include payments related to our commenced operating leases. Approximate annual future minimum operating lease payments as of September 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands; excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2021):

Year: |  | Operating Leases
2021 |  | $ | 664 |
2022 |  | 2,711 |
2023 |  | 215 |
2024 |  | 18 |
2025 |  | — |
Total minimum lease payments |  | $ | 3,608 |
Less imputed interest |  | $ | (184) |
Total |  | $ | 3,424 |

The weighted-average remaining lease term of our operating leases is approximately 1.4 years.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
As used in this report, unless the context suggests otherwise, references to “Halozyme,” “the Company,” “we,” “our,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., its wholly owned subsidiary, Halozyme, Inc. and Halozyme Inc.’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Halozyme Switzerland GmbH and Halozyme Switzerland Holdings GmbH. References to “Notes” refer to the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein (refer to Item 1 of Part I).
The following information should be read in conjunction with the interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and Notes thereto included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as the audited financial statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Past financial or operating performance is not necessarily a reliable indicator of future performance, and our historical performance should not be used to anticipate results or future period trends.
This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements in this report other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “think,” “may,” “could,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “continue,” “potential,” “likely,” “opportunity,” “project” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements in this report. Additionally, statements concerning future matters such as the development or regulatory approval of new partner products, enhancements of existing products or technologies, timing and success of the launch of new products by our collaborators, third party performance under key collaboration agreements, the ability of our bulk drug manufacturers to provide adequate supply for our collaboration partners, revenue, expense and cash burn levels, anticipated amounts and timing of share repurchases, anticipated profitability and expected trends, the potential impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic on our business and trends and other statements regarding matters that are not historical are forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect management’s current forecast of certain aspects of our future, are based on currently available operating, financial and competitive information and are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated or implied in our forward-looking statements due to a number of factors including, but not limited to, those set forth below under the section entitled “Risks Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Quarterly Report.
Overview
Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. is a biopharma technology platform company that provides innovative and disruptive solutions with the goal of improving patient experience and outcomes. Our proprietary enzyme, rHuPH20, is used to facilitate the delivery of injected drugs and fluids. We license our technology to biopharmaceutical companies to collaboratively develop products that combine our ENHANZE® drug delivery technology with the collaborators’ proprietary compounds.
Our approved product and our collaborators’ approved products and product candidates are based on rHuPH20, our patented recombinant human hyaluronidase enzyme. rHuPH20 is the active ingredient in our first commercially approved product, Hylenex® recombinant, and it works by breaking down hyaluronan (or HA), a naturally occurring carbohydrate that is a major component of the extracellular matrix in tissues throughout the body such as skin and cartilage. This temporarily increases dispersion and absorption allowing for improved subcutaneous delivery of injectable biologics, such as monoclonal antibodies and other large therapeutic molecules, as well as small molecules and fluids. We refer to the application of rHuPH20 to facilitate the delivery of other drugs or fluids as our ENHANZE® drug delivery technology (ENHANZE). We license the ENHANZE technology to form collaborations with biopharmaceutical companies that develop or market drugs requiring or benefiting from injection via the subcutaneous route of administration. In the development of proprietary intravenous (IV) drugs combined with our ENHANZE technology, data have been generated supporting the potential for ENHANZE to reduce treatment burden, as a result of shorter duration of subcutaneous (SC) administration. ENHANZE may enable fixed-dose SC dosing compared to weight-based dosing required for IV administration, and potentially allow for lower rates of infusion-related reactions. ENHANZE may enable more flexible treatment options such as home administration by a healthcare professional or potentially the patient. Lastly, certain proprietary drugs co-formulated with ENHANZE have been granted additional exclusivity, extending the patent life of the product beyond the one of the proprietary IV drug.
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We currently have ENHANZE collaborations with F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd. and Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc. (Roche), Baxalta US Inc. and Baxalta GmbH (members of the Takeda group of companies) (Baxalta), Pfizer Inc. (Pfizer), Janssen Biotech, Inc. (Janssen), AbbVie, Inc. (AbbVie), Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly), Bristol Myers Squibb Company (BMS), Alexion Pharma Holding (AstraZeneca PLC announced the completion of its acquisition of Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in July 2021) (Alexion), argenx BVBA (argenx), Horizon Therapeutics plc. (Horizon) and ViiV Healthcare (the global specialist HIV company majority owned by GlaxoSmithKline) (ViiV). We receive royalties from three of these collaborations, including royalties from sales of one product from the Baxalta collaboration, three products from the Roche collaboration and one product from the Janssen collaboration. Future potential revenues from royalties and fees from ENHANZE collaborations and the sales and/or royalties of our approved products will depend on the ability of Halozyme and our collaborators to develop, manufacture, secure and maintain regulatory approvals for approved products and product candidates and commercialize product candidates.
Our third quarter of 2021 and recent key events are as follows:
Collaborators
•In October 2021, Janssen’s DARZALEX FASPRO® was approved by the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) for the treatment of primary light chain amyloidosis, in combination with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (D-VCd) in newly diagnosed patients. This followed a similar approval Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K. received in August 2021 from Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for DARZQURO® (Daratumumab SC) for the additional indication of systemic AL amyloidosis.
•In July 2021, Janssen elected the target HIV reverse transcriptase, resulting in a $2.0 million milestone fee.
•In July 2021, we announced that Janssen received FDA approval for DARZALEX FASPRO® in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Pd) for patients with multiple myeloma after first or subsequent relapse.
Corporate
•In the third quarter of 2021 we repurchased 1.6 million shares of common stock in open market purchases for $64.7 million at an average price per share of $41.40. In October 2021, we repurchased an additional 0.3 million shares of common stock for $10.3 million, completing our capital return program that began in November 2019 to repurchase up to $550.0 million of outstanding common stock over a three-year period. Under the program we repurchased a total of 22.3 million shares for $550.0 million at an average price per share of $24.72.
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Product and Product Candidates
We currently have one marketed proprietary product and five marketed partnered products. The following table summarizes our proprietary product, marketed partnered products and product candidates under development with our collaborators:
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Proprietary Product
Hylenex Recombinant (hyaluronidase human injection)
Hylenex recombinant is a formulation of rHuPH20 that facilitates subcutaneous fluid administration for achieving hydration, to increase the dispersion and absorption of other injected drugs and, in subcutaneous urography, to improve resorption of radiopaque agents. Hylenex recombinant is currently the number one prescribed branded hyaluronidase.
ENHANZE Collaborations
Roche Collaboration
In December 2006, we and Roche entered into a collaboration and license agreement under which Roche obtained a worldwide license to develop and commercialize product combinations of rHuPH20 and up to thirteen Roche target compounds (the Roche Collaboration). Under this agreement, Roche elected a total of eight targets, two of which are exclusive.
In September 2013, Roche launched a subcutaneous (SC) formulation of Herceptin (trastuzumab) (Herceptin® SC) in Europe for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer followed by launches in additional countries. This formulation utilizes our ENHANZE technology and is administered in two to five minutes, compared to 30 to 90 minutes with the standard intravenous form. In September 2018, we announced that Roche received approval from Health Canada for Herceptin SC for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. In February 2019, we announced that Roche received approval from the FDA for Herceptin SC under the brand name Herceptin Hylecta™ (trastuzumab and hyaluronidase-oysk). In April 2019, Roche made Herceptin Hylecta available in the U.S. In June 2020, the FDA approved a fixed-dose combination of Perjeta® (pertuzumab) and Herceptin for subcutaneous injection (Phesgo®) utilizing ENHANZE technology for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. In December 2020, the European Commission (EC) also approved Phesgo for the treatment of patients with early and metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer.
In June 2014, Roche launched MabThera® SC in Europe for the treatment of patients with common forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) followed by launches in additional countries. This formulation utilizes our ENHANZE technology and is administered in approximately five minutes compared to the approximately 1.5 to 4 hour intravenous infusion. In May 2016, Roche announced that the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved Mabthera SC to treat patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In June 2017, the FDA approved Genentech’s RITUXAN HYCELA™, a combination of rituximab using ENHANZE technology (approved and marketed under the MabThera SC brand in countries outside the U.S. and Canada), for CLL and two types of NHL, follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In March 2018, Health Canada approved a combination of rituximab and rHuPH20 (approved and marketed under the brand name RITUXAN® SC) for patients with CLL.
In September 2017, we and Roche entered into an agreement providing Roche the right to develop and commercialize one additional exclusive target using ENHANZE technology. The upfront license payment may be followed by event-based payments subject to Roche’s achievement of specified development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. In addition, Roche will pay royalties to us if products under the collaboration are commercialized.
In October 2018, we entered into an agreement with Roche for the right to develop and commercialize one additional exclusive target and an option to select two additional targets within four years using ENHANZE technology. The upfront license payment may be followed by event-based payments subject to Roche’s achievement of specified development, regulatory and sales-based milestones. In addition, Roche will pay royalties to us if products under the collaboration are commercialized.
In December 2018, Roche initiated a Phase 1b/2 study in patients with non-small cell lung cancer for TECENTRIQ® (atezolizumab) using ENHANZE technology. In September 2020, Roche presented a poster with data from Part 1 of its Phase 1b study (IMscin001) evaluating TECENTRIQ for subcutaneous administration utilizing ENHANZE technology in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer at the ESMO Virtual Congress 2020. The poster concluded that atezolizumab utilizing ENHANZE technology provided similar exposure as atezolizumab IV and that results support further development of subcutaneous atezolizumab in IMscin001 Part 2, a confirmatory Phase 3 study. In December 2020, Roche initiated a Phase 3 study in patients with non-small cell lung cancer for TECENTRIQ using ENHANZE technology.
In August 2019, Roche initiated a Phase 1 study evaluating OCREVUS® (ocrelizumab) with ENHANZE technology in subjects with multiple sclerosis.
In October 2019, Roche nominated a new undisclosed target to be studied using ENHANZE technology, triggering a $10 million milestone payment.
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Baxalta Collaboration
In September 2007, we and Baxalta entered into a collaboration and license agreement under which Baxalta obtained a worldwide, exclusive license to develop and commercialize product combinations of rHuPH20 with GAMMAGARD LIQUID (HYQVIA®) (the Baxalta Collaboration). HYQVIA is indicated for the treatment of primary immunodeficiency disorders associated with defects in the immune system.
In May 2013, the European Commission granted Baxalta marketing authorization in all EU Member States for the use of HYQVIA (solution for subcutaneous use) as replacement therapy for adult patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies. Baxalta launched HYQVIA in the first EU country in July 2013 and has continued to launch in additional countries.
In September 2014, HYQVIA was approved by the FDA for treatment of adult patients with primary immunodeficiency in the U.S. HYQVIA is the first subcutaneous immune globulin (IG) treatment approved for adult primary immunodeficiency patients with a dosing regimen requiring only one infusion up to once per month (every three to four weeks) and one injection site per infusion in most patients, to deliver a full therapeutic dose of IG. The FDA’s approval of HYQVIA was a significant milestone for us as it represented the first U.S. approved BLA which utilizes our rHuPH20 platform.
In May 2016, Baxalta announced that HYQVIA received a marketing authorization from the European Commission for a pediatric indication, which was launched in Europe to treat primary and certain secondary immunodeficiencies. In September 2020, Takeda announced that the EMA approved a label update for HYQVIA broadening its use and making it the first and only facilitated subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy in adults, adolescents and children with an expanded range of secondary immunodeficiencies (SID).
Pfizer Collaboration
In December 2012, we and Pfizer entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Pfizer has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Pfizer proprietary biologics in primary care and specialty care indications. Pfizer has elected five targets and has returned two targets.
Janssen Collaboration
In December 2014, we and Janssen entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Janssen has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Janssen proprietary biologics directed to up to five targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. Janssen has elected CD38 as the first target on an exclusive basis. Janssen has initiated several Phase 3 studies, Phase 2 studies and Phase 1 studies of DARZALEX® (daratumumab), directed at CD38, using ENHANZE technology in patients with amyloidosis, smoldering myeloma and multiple myeloma.
In February 2019, Janssen’s development partner, Genmab, announced positive Phase 3 trial results from the COLUMBA study evaluating subcutaneous DARZALEX in comparison to intravenous DARZALEX in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. DARZALEX SC (utilizing ENHANZE technology) was found to be non-inferior to DARZALEX IV with regard the co-primary endpoints of Overall Response Rate and Maximum Trough concentration. In May 2020, we announced that Janssen received US FDA approval and launched the commercial sale of DARZALEX FASPRO in four regimens across five indications in multiple myeloma patients, including newly diagnosed, transplant-ineligible patients as well as relapsed or refractory patients. As a fixed-dose formulation, DARZALEX FASPRO can be administered over three to five minutes, significantly less time than DARZALEX IV which requires multi-hour infusions. In June 2020, we announced that Janssen received European marketing authorization and launched the commercial sale of DARZALEX SC utilizing ENHANZE in the European Union. In March 2021, Janssen announced approval from Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) for the subcutaneous formulation of DARZALEX (known as DARZQURO in Japan) for the treatment of multiple myeloma, and in May 2021 Janssen commenced commercial sale in Japan. In July 2021, Janssen received FDA approval for DARZALEX FASPRO in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Pd) for patients with multiple myeloma after first or subsequent relapse. In January 2021, Janssen received FDA approval for DARZALEX FASPRO in combination with bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients who are eligible for autologous stem cell transplant. In January 2021, Janssen received accelerated approval from the FDA for DARZALEX FASPRO in combination with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (D-VCd) for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis (not recommended for the treatment of patients with AL amyloidosis who have NYHA Class IIIB or Class IV cardiac disease or Mayo Stage IIIB outside of controlled clinical trials). In June 2021, we announced that Janssen received marketing authorization from the EC for DARZALEX SC in two new indications, in combination with D-VCd in newly diagnosed adult patients with AL amyloidosis and in combination with D-Pd in adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. In July 2021, Janssen received FDA approval for DARZALEX FASPRO in combination with D-Pd for patients with multiple myeloma after first or subsequent relapse. In August 2021, Janssen received approval of DARZQURO (Daratumumab SC) for systemic AL amyloidosis in Japan. In October 2021, Janssen’s DARZALEX FASPRO was approved by the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) for the treatment of primary light chain amyloidosis, in combination with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (D-VCd) in newly diagnosed patients.
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In December 2019, Janssen elected EGFR and cMET as a bispecific antibody (amivantamab) target on an exclusive basis, which is being studied in solid tumors. In November 2020, Janssen initiated a Phase 1 study of amivantamab and ENHANZE.
In July 2021, Janssen elected the target HIV reverse transcriptase.
AbbVie Collaboration
In June 2015, we and AbbVie entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which AbbVie has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with AbbVie proprietary biologics directed to up to nine targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. AbbVie elected one target on an exclusive basis, TNF alpha, for which it has discontinued development and returned the target.
Lilly Collaboration
In December 2015, we and Lilly entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Lilly has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Lilly proprietary biologics directed to up to five targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. Lilly has elected two targets on an exclusive basis and one target on a semi-exclusive basis. In August 2017, Lilly initiated a Phase 1 study of an investigational therapy in combination with rHuPH20.
BMS Collaboration
In September 2017, we and BMS entered into a collaboration and license agreement, which became effective in November 2017, under which BMS has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with BMS products directed at up to eleven targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis; BMS has selected eight targets to-date. BMS has designated multiple immuno-oncology targets including programmed death 1 (PD-1) and has an option to select 3 additional targets by November 2022. In October 2018, BMS dosed the first patient in a Phase 1/2a study of BMS-986179, an anti-CD-73 antibody, alone and in combination with nivolumab, using ENHANZE technology. In October 2019, BMS initiated a Phase 1 study of relatlimab, an anti-LAG-3 antibody, in combination with nivolumab using ENHANZE technology. In April 2021, BMS initiated a Phase 1/2 study of BMS-986258, an anti-TIM-3 antibody, alone and in combination with nivolumab in advanced malignant tumors. In June 2021, BMS initiated a Phase 3 study of nivolumab using ENHANZE technology for patients with advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, leveraging data and insights from Phase 1/2 CA209-8KX study in patients with solid tumors.
Alexion Collaboration
In December 2017, we and Alexion entered into a collaboration and license agreement, under which Alexion has the worldwide license to develop and commercialize products combining our rHuPH20 enzyme with Alexion’s portfolio of products directed at up to four targets. Targets may be selected on an exclusive basis. Alexion elected two targets on an exclusive basis, including a C5 complement inhibitor and has an option to select two additional targets within five years from the effective date. In August 2018, Alexion announced that it initiated a Phase 1 trial to study a next-generation subcutaneous formulation of ALXN1210 using ENHANZE technology (ALXN1810). Following a portfolio prioritization, Alexion has made the decision to discontinue the further development of ALXN1810. In addition, Alexion has initiated a Phase I study of ALXN1720, a novel anti-C5 albumin-binding bispecific mini-body, in combination with ENHANZE technology.
argenx Collaboration
In February 2019, we and argenx entered into an agreement for the right to develop and commercialize one exclusive target, the human neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, which includes argenx's lead asset efgartigimod (ARGX-113), and an option to select two additional targets using ENHANZE technology. In May 2019, argenx nominated a second target to be studied using ENHANZE technology, a human complement factor C2 associated with the product candidate ARGX-117, which is being developed to treat severe autoimmune diseases in Multifocal Motor Neuropathy (MMN).
In July 2019, argenx dosed the first subject in a phase 1 clinical trial evaluating the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of efgartigimod (ARGX-113), using ENHANZE technology. In December 2019, argenx reported that based on data from the phase 1 study and internal company analysis, a one minute injection administered every 2 weeks may be possible. In December 2020, argenx initiated a Phase 3 study of ARGX-113 using ENHANZE technology for patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), an immune disorder in which the blood does not clot normally. In January 2021, argenx initiated a Phase 3 study of ARGX-113 using ENHANZE technology in pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus (PV), a rare autoimmune disease that causes painful blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. In February 2021, argenx initiated a Phase 3 study of ARGX-113 using ENHANZE technology for patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and initiated a Phase 3 study of ARGX-113 using ENHANZE technology in myasthenia gravis (MG), an autoimmune disorder of the musculoskeletal system caused by IgG autoantibodies.
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In October 2020, we and argenx entered into agreement to expand the collaboration relationship. Under the newly announced expansion, argenx gained the ability to exclusively access our ENHANZE technology for three additional targets upon nomination for a total of up to six targets under the existing and newly expanded collaboration.
Horizon Collaboration
In November 2020, we and Horizon entered into a global collaboration and license agreement that gives Horizon exclusive access to ENHANZE technology for subcutaneous formulation of medicines targeting IGF-1R. Horizon intends to use ENHANZE to develop a SC formulation of TEPEZZA® (teprotumumab-trbw), indicated for the treatment of thyroid eye disease, a serious, progressive and vision-threatening rare autoimmune disease, potentially shortening drug administration time, reducing healthcare practitioner time and offering additional flexibility and convenience for patients. In March 2021, Horizon completed dosing in a Phase 1 study exploring the SC formulation of TEPEZZA. The trial is a small, single-dose Phase 1 pharmacokinetic trial which includes evaluating ENHANZE technology for a SC formulation.
ViiV Healthcare
In June 2021, we entered into a global collaboration and license agreement with ViiV. The license gives ViiV exclusive access to our ENHANZE technology for four specific small and large molecule targets for the treatment and prevention of HIV. These targets are integrase inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors limited to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitors (NRTTIs), capsid inhibitors and broadly neutralising monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs), that bind to the gp120 CD4 binding site.
NIH CRADA
In June 2019, we announced a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases’ Vaccine Research Center (VRC), part of National Institute of Health (NIH), enabling the VRC’s use of ENHANZE technology to develop subcutaneous formulations of VRC07-523LS and N6LS broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV for HIV treatment. In March 2021, we were notified that the first patient was dosed with N6LS and rHuPH20 in VRC 609 Phase 1 dose-escalation study to evaluate safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of N6LS using ENHANZE technology.
CAPRISA
In September 2020, we entered into a collaboration with the Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), a non-profit company, to evaluate safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a human monoclonal antibody (CAP256V2LS) in HIV-negative and HIV-positive women in South Africa. In October 2020, we were notified that the first patient was dosed with CAP256V2LS and rHuPH20 in CAPRISA 012B Phase 1 dose-escalation study to evaluate safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of CAPR256V2LS alone and in combination with VRC07-523LS using ENHANZE technology. In January 2021, we were notified the first patient was dosed with CAP256V2LS and rHuPH20 in combination with VRC07-523LS and rHuPH20 in CAPRISA 012B Phase 1 study. VRC07-523LS broadly neutralizing antibody was supplied by the NIH/VRC under a research collaboration with CAPRISA.
For a further discussion of the collaboration agreements, refer to Note 4, Revenue.
Impact of COVID-19 to our Business
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a disease caused by a strain of novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) to be a pandemic. In an effort to contain COVID-19 or slow its spread, governments around the world have enacted various measures, including orders to close all businesses not deemed “essential,” isolate residents to their homes or places of residence, and practice social distancing when engaging in essential activities. In an effort to protect the health and safety of our employees and in compliance with state regulations, we instituted working from home, limited the number of people that work on site at any one time, and suspended employee travel. As an organization we continue to effectively operate with the majority of our employees working from home and not traveling. Importantly, our suppliers continue to operate without interruption related to COVID-19. We recognize that the duration of the pandemic and its continued impact on the global economy as a whole remains unknown at this time. We are not clear the extent to which long term operational and economic impacts of COVID-19, if any, will have on our business, including the effects on our suppliers, collaborators, customers, employees, and prospects. We will continue to monitor the COVID-19 situation closely.
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Results of Operations
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Royalties – Royalty revenue was $58.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $23.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was mainly driven by sales of DARZALEX FASPRO in the U.S and EU by Janssen due to the product launch in the second quarter of 2020, partially offset by slightly lower sales of Herceptin SC and MabThera SC by Roche. In general, we expect royalty revenue to grow as a result of our recent ENHANZE partner product launches, offsetting the ongoing impact from biosimilars in Europe related to our mature ENHANZE partner products.
Product Sales, Net – Product sales, net were as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
|  | September 30, |  |
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Change
Sales of bulk rHuPH20 |  | $ | 18,862 |  |  | $ | 4,104 |  |  | $ | 14,758 |
Sales of Hylenex |  | 6,185 |  |  | 4,944 |  |  | 1,241 |
Total product sales, net |  | $ | 25,047 |  |  | $ | 9,048 |  |  | $ | 15,999 |

Product sales, net increased by $16.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020, primarily due to higher sales of rHuPH20 to our partners Janssen and Roche. We expect that product sales of bulk rHuPH20 will fluctuate in future periods based on the needs of our collaborators. We expect future product sales of Hylenex to be relatively flat as we experience modest market growth offset by competition for market share.
Revenues Under Collaborative Agreements – Revenues under collaborative agreements were as follows (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended |  |
|  | September 30, |  |
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Change
Upfront license fees, license fees for the election of additional targets, license maintenance fees and other license fees and event-based payments: |  |  |  |  |
Janssen |  | 32,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 32,000 |
Roche |  | — |  |  | 17,000 |  |  | (17,000) |
argenx |  | — |  |  | 15,000 |  |  | (15,000) |
Subtotal |  | 32,000 |  |  | 32,000 |  |  | — |
Research and development services |  | 220 |  |  | 337 |  |  | (117) |
Total revenues under collaborative agreements |  | $ | 32,220 |  |  | $ | 32,337 |  |  | $ | (117) |

Revenue from license fees for the three months ended September 30, 2021, were comparable to the same period in 2020. Revenue from upfront licenses fees, license fees for the election of additional targets, license maintenance fees and other license fees and event-based payments vary from period to period based on our ENHANZE collaboration activity. We expect these revenues to continue to fluctuate in future periods based on our collaborators’ ability to meet various clinical and regulatory milestones set forth in such agreements and our ability to obtain new collaborative agreements. To date, based on current partner communications, we have not identified any COVID-19 related delays that will materially impact our ENHANZE milestone revenue. We will continue to monitor the ENHANZE development activities of our partners and the impact of their plans on our milestone revenue, as there may be potential for COVID-19 related delays.
Cost of Product Sales – Cost of product sales consists primarily of raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, fill and finish costs, freight costs, internal costs and manufacturing overhead associated with the production of Hylenex recombinant and bulk rHuPH20. Cost of product sales were $18.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $5.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase of $13.0 million in cost of product sales was mainly due to an increase in sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Janssen and Roche.
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Research and Development – Research and development expenses consist of external costs, salaries and benefits and allocation of facilities and other overhead expenses related to research manufacturing, preclinical and regulatory activities related to our ENHANZE collaborations and our rHuPH20 platform. Research and development expenses were $8.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $7.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase of $0.8 million is primarily due to an increase in compensation expense, including share-based compensation, for personnel to support additional ENHANZE targets entering clinical development.
Selling, General and Administrative – Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for personnel in executive, selling and administrative functions as well as professional fees for legal and accounting, business development, commercial operations support for Hylenex and alliance management and marketing support for ENHANZE. SG&A expenses were $13.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $11.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase of $1.5 million, or 13%, was primarily due to an increase in compensation expense, including share-based compensation, for personnel to support additional ENHANZE targets entering clinical development.
Interest Expense – Interest expense was $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease of $3.2 million was primarily due to a decrease in interest expense related to the Convertible Notes as the non-cash interest expense associated with the amortization of the equity component of the Convertible Notes is eliminated upon adoption of ASU 2020-06.
Income Taxes – Income tax benefit was $142.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to income tax expense of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020. The increase in income tax benefit is due to the release of the valuation allowance during the current quarter.
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Royalties – Royalty revenue was $141.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $56.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was mainly driven by sales of DARZALEX FASPRO in the U.S and EU by Janssen due to the product launch in the second quarter of 2020, partially offset by slightly lower sales of Herceptin SC and MabThera SC by Roche. In general, we expect royalty revenue to grow as a result of our recent ENHANZE partner product launches, offsetting the ongoing impact from biosimilars in Europe related to our mature ENHANZE partner products.
Product Sales, Net – Product sales, net were as follows (in thousands):

|  | Nine Months Ended |  |
|  | September 30, |  |
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Change
Sales of bulk rHuPH20 |  | $ | 59,719 |  |  | $ | 11,963 |  |  | $ | 47,756 |
Sales of Hylenex |  | 17,454 |  |  | 11,569 |  |  | 5,885 |
Total product sales, net |  | $ | 77,173 |  |  | $ | 23,532 |  |  | $ | 53,641 |

Product sales, net increased by $53.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020, primarily due to higher sales of rHuPH20 to our partners Janssen, Roche and argenx. We expect that product sales of bulk rHuPH20 will fluctuate in future periods based on the needs of our collaborators. We expect that future product sales of Hylenex to be relatively flat as we experience modest market growth offset by competition for market share.
Revenues Under Collaborative Agreements – Revenues under collaborative agreements were as follows (in thousands):

|  | Nine Months Ended |  |
|  | September 30, |  |
|  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | Change
Upfront license fees, license fees for the election of additional targets, license maintenance fees and other license fees and event-based payments: |  |  |  |  |
Janssen |  | 57,000 |  |  | 25,000 |  |  | 32,000 |
ViiV |  | $ | 40,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40,000 |
BMS |  | 25,000 |  |  | 7,264 |  |  | 17,736 |
Roche |  | — |  |  | 17,000 |  |  | (17,000) |
argenx |  | — |  |  | 15,000 |  |  | (15,000) |
Other |  | — |  |  | 500 |  |  | (500) |
Subtotal |  | 122,000 |  |  | 64,764 |  |  | 57,236 |
Reimbursements for research and development services |  | 870 |  |  | 996 |  |  | (126) |
Total revenues under collaborative agreements |  | $ | 122,870 |  |  | $ | 65,760 |  |  | $ | 57,110 |

Revenue from license fees increased $57.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020 mainly due to the recognition of a total of $122.0 million related to the ViiV, BMS and Janssen collaborations in the current year. Revenue from upfront licenses fees, license fees for the election of additional targets, license maintenance fees and other license fees and event-based payments vary from period to period based on our ENHANZE collaboration activity. We expect these revenues to continue to fluctuate in future periods based on our collaborators’ ability to meet various clinical and regulatory milestones set forth in such agreements and our ability to obtain new collaborative agreements. To date, based on current partner communications, we have not identified any COVID-19 related delays that will materially impact our ENHANZE milestone revenue. We will continue to monitor the ENHANZE development activities of our partners and the impact of their plans on our milestone revenue, as there may be potential for COVID-19 related delays.
Cost of Product Sales – Cost of product sales consists primarily of raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, fill and finish costs, freight costs, internal costs and manufacturing overhead associated with the production of Hylenex recombinant and bulk rHuPH20. Cost of product sales were $59.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $17.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase of $42.7 million in cost of product sales was mainly due to an increase in sales of bulk rHuPH20 to Janssen, Roche and argenx.
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Research and Development – Research and development expenses consist of external costs, salaries and benefits and allocation of facilities and other overhead expenses related to research manufacturing, preclinical and regulatory activities related to our ENHANZE collaborations and our rHuPH20 platform. Research and development expenses were $25.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $26.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease of $1.3 million is primarily due to the discontinuation of our development activities for PEGPH20 and closure of our oncology operations, partially offset by an increase in costs to support additional ENHANZE targets entering clinical development.
Selling, General and Administrative – Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for personnel in executive, selling and administrative functions as well as professional fees for legal and accounting, business development, commercial operations support for Hylenex and alliance management and marketing support for ENHANZE. SG&A expenses were $36.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $35.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase of $1.2 million, or 4%, was primarily due to an increase in compensation expense, including share-based compensation, for personnel to support additional ENHANZE targets entering clinical development, partially offset by one time costs in the prior year related to the discontinuation of our development activities for PEGPH20 and closure of our oncology operations.
Interest Expense – Interest expense was $5.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $15.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The decrease of $9.8 million was primarily due to a decrease in interest expense related to the Convertible Notes as the non-cash interest expense associated with the amortization of the equity component of the Convertible Notes is eliminated upon adoption of ASU 2020-06 and discontinuation in interest expense for the Royalty-backed Loan following the repayment of that obligations.
Income Taxes – Income tax benefit was $142.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to income tax expense of $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase in income tax benefit is due to the release of the valuation allowance during the current quarter.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Our principal sources of liquidity are our existing cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale marketable securities. As of September 30, 2021, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $815.9 million. We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months. We expect to fund our operations going forward with existing cash resources, anticipated revenues from our existing collaborations and cash that we may raise through future transactions. We may raise cash through any one of the following financing vehicles: (i) new collaborative agreements; (ii) expansions or revisions to existing collaborative relationships; (iii) private financings; (iv) other equity or debt financings; (v) monetizing assets; and/or (vi) the public offering of securities;
We may, in the future, offer and sell additional equity, debt securities and warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in units to raise capital to raise funds for additional working capital, capital expenditures, share repurchases, acquisitions or for other general corporate purposes.
Cash Flows
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operations was $216.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $4.5 million cash provided in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The $212.4 million increase in cash provided by operations was mainly due to an increase in collaboration partner license fees, royalties and product sales and a decrease in working capital spend during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the corresponding period in the prior year.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $106.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $19.9 million cash provided by investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to an increase in purchase of marketable securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $233.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to $78.9 million cash used in by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, mainly due to $784.9 million cash received from the 2027 Convertible Notes offering and $19.6 million cash payment for the Royalty-backed loan in the prior year, partially offset by $369.1 million related to the Induced Conversion of the 2024 Convertible Notes, $79.8 million increase in repurchase of common stock and a $42.4 million decrease in net proceeds from the issuance of common stock under equity incentive plans.
Share Repurchases
In November 2019, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, pursuant to which we may repurchase our issued and outstanding shares of common stock from time to time. The Company retired the repurchased shares. See Note 8. Stockholders’ Equity, within the notes to the consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our share repurchases. In October 2021, we repurchased the remaining shares that had been authorized for repurchase under our November 2019 share repurchase program.
Long-Term Debt
0.25% Convertible Notes due 2027
In March 2021, we completed the sale of $805.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 0.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Convertible Notes” and collectively with the 2024 Convertible Notes the “Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds in connection with the 2027 Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers’ fee of $20.1 million, was approximately $784.9 million. We also incurred additional debt issuance costs totaling $0.4 million. Debt issuance costs and the initial purchasers’ fee are presented as a debt discount.
The 2027 Convertible Notes pay interest semi-annually in arrears on March 1st and September 1st of each year at an annual rate of 0.25%. The 2027 Convertible Notes are general unsecured obligations and will rank senior in right of payment to all indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2027 Convertible Notes, will rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, will be effectively junior to any secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and will be structurally subordinated to all
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indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of our current or future subsidiaries. The 2027 Convertible Notes have a maturity date of March 1, 2027.
Holders may convert their 2027 Convertible Notes at their option only in the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2021, if the last reported sale price per share of common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the five consecutive business days immediately after any 5 consecutive trading day period (such 5 consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on our common stock, as described in the offering memorandum for the 2027 Convertible Notes; (4) if we call such notes for redemption; and (5) at any time from, and including, September 1, 2026 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. The Notes will be convertible, regardless of the foregoing circumstances, at any time from, and including, September 1, 2026 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. As of September 30, 2021, the 2027 Convertible Notes are not convertible.
Upon conversion, we will pay cash for the settlement of principal and for the premium, if applicable, we will pay cash, deliver shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election. The initial conversion rate for the 2027 Convertible Notes is 12.9576 shares of common stock per $1,000 in principal amount of 2027 Convertible Notes, equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $77.17 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment.
1.25% Convertible Notes due 2024
In November 2019, we completed the sale of $460.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (“2024 Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds in connection with the issuance of the 2024 Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers’ fee of $12.7 million, was approximately $447.3 million. We also incurred debt issuance cost totaling $0.3 million. Debt issuance costs and the initial purchasers’ fee are presented as a debt discount.
The 2024 Convertible Notes pay interest semi-annually in arrears on June 1st and December 1st of each year, beginning on June 1, 2020, at an annual rate of 1.25%. The 2024 Convertible Notes are general unsecured obligations and will rank senior in right of payment to all indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the 2024 Convertible Notes, will rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future liabilities that are not so subordinated, will be effectively junior to any secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness and will be structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of the our current or future subsidiaries. The 2024 Convertible Notes have a maturity date of December 1, 2024.
Holders may convert their 2024 Convertible Notes at their option only in the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2020, if the last reported sale price per share of common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during the ### consecutive business days immediately after any five consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on our common stock, as described in the offering memorandum for the 2024 Convertible Notes; (4) if we call such notes for redemption; and (5) at any time from, and including, June 1, 2024 until the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. As of September 30, 2021, the 2024 Convertible Notes are convertible.
In January 2021 we notified the note holders our irrevocable election to settle the principal of the 2024 Convertible Notes in cash and for the premium, if applicable, deliver shares of common stock. The conversion rate for the 2024 Convertible Notes is 41.9208 shares of common stock per $1,000 in principal amount of 2024 Convertible Notes, equivalent to a conversion price of approximately $23.85 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment.
In March 2021, we completed a privately negotiated and induced conversion of $369.1 million principal amount of the 2024 Convertibles (“Note Repurchases” or the “Induced Conversion”). In connection with the Induced Conversion, we paid approximately $370.2 million in cash, which includes principal and accrued interest, and issued approximately 9.08 million shares of our common stock representing the intrinsic value based on the contractual conversion rate and incremental shares as an inducement for conversion. As a result of the Induced Conversion, we recorded $21.0 million in induced conversion expense which is included in Other income (expense) of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months
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ended September 30, 2021. The induced conversion expense represents the fair value of the common stock issued upon conversion in excess of the common stock issuable under the original terms of the 2024 Convertible Notes.
Royalty-backed Loan
In January 2016, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Halozyme Royalty LLC (Halozyme Royalty), we received a $150 million loan (the Royalty-backed Loan) pursuant to a credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) with BioPharma Credit Investments IV Sub, LP and Athyrium Opportunities II Acquisition LP (the Royalty-backed Lenders). Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. transferred to Halozyme Royalty the right to receive royalty payments from the commercial sales of ENHANZE products owed under the Roche Collaboration and Baxalta Collaboration (Collaboration Agreements). The royalty payments from the Collaboration Agreements were used to repay the principal and interest on the loan (the Royalty Payments). The Royalty-backed Loan bore interest at a per annum rate of 8.75% plus the three-month LIBOR rate. The three-month LIBOR rate was subject to a floor of 0.7% and a cap of 1.5%. In June 2020, we paid the full remaining balance and final payment of $2.93 million thereby satisfying and discharging all obligations under, and terminating, the Royalty-backed Loan.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of September 30, 2021, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. In addition, we did not engage in trading activities involving non-exchange traded contracts. As such, we are not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. The accounting policies and estimates that are most critical to a full understanding and evaluation of our reported financial results are described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. Except for the release during the three months ended September 30, 2021 of our valuation allowance related to federal and state deferred tax assets (which, as described more fully in Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, resulted in a benefit from income taxes of 142.5 million), there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies or estimates during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of our condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements and their effect, if any.
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Risk Factors
Risks Related To Our Business
Business interruptions resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak or similar public health crises could cause a disruption of the development of our collaboration partners’ product candidates and commercialization of approved products, impede our ability to supply bulk rHuPH20 to our partners or procure and sell Hylenex and otherwise adversely impact our business and results of operations.
Public health crises such as pandemics or similar outbreaks could adversely impact our business and results of operations by, among other things, disrupting the development of our collaboration partners’ product candidates and commercialization of our partners’ approved products, disrupting our ability to enter into new ENHANZE collaborations with potential partners in a timely manner, causing disruptions in the operations of our third party contract manufacturing organizations upon whom we rely for the production and supply of our commercial product Hylenex and the bulk rHuPH20 we supply to our partners, and causing other disruptions to our operations. For example, the outbreak of a coronavirus, which causes COVID-19, has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic and has spread to most regions of the world including the city of San Diego, California where our main office is located.
The COVID-19 pandemic is evolving, and to date has led to the implementation of various responses, including government-imposed quarantines, travel restrictions and other public health safety measures. The extent to which COVID-19 and its variants impacts our operations and/or those of our collaboration partners will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, including the duration or recurrence of the outbreak, additional or modified government actions, new information that will emerge concerning the severity and impact of COVID-19 and the actions to contain COVID-19 or address its impact in the short and long term, among others.
We have responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by taking a number of actions including closing our offices in San Diego in March 2020, requesting that most of our personnel work remotely and restricting access to our facilities mostly to personnel who perform critical activities that must be completed on-site in accordance with California’s initial statewide shelter-in-place order and ongoing guidances. Increased reliance on personnel working from home may have a negative impact on productivity, or disrupt, delay or otherwise adversely impact business, by, among other things, increasing cyber security risk, impeding access to information that would be helpful to pursue our business objectives or disrupting our communications. We are continuing to monitor the situation to determine the timing for all employees to return to working from the office.
The business disruptions associated with a global pandemic could impact the business, product development priorities and operations of our collaboration partners, including potential delays in manufacturing their product candidates or approved products. For example, some of our collaboration partners are conducting or are planning to conduct clinical trials in geographies affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The progress or completion of these clinical trials could be adversely impacted by the pandemic. Additionally, interruption or delays in the operations of the FDA, the EMA and other similar foreign regulatory agencies, or changes in regulatory priorities to focus on the COVID-19 pandemic, may affect required regulatory review, inspection, clearance and approval timelines. Disruptions such as these could result in delays in the development programs of our collaboration products or impede the commercial efforts for approved products, resulting in potential reductions or delays in our revenues from collaborator royalty or milestone payments. We do not know the extent to which our collaboration partners’ development programs or product commercialization efforts will be impacted or delayed.
We rely on third party manufacturers to manufacture the bulk rHuPH20 that we supply to our collaboration partners for their commercial products and product candidates, as well as our commercial product Hylenex. If any such third party manufacturer is adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and related consequences, including staffing shortages, production slowdowns and disruptions in delivery systems, availability of raw materials, reagents or components or if they divert resources or manufacturing capacity to accommodate the development of coronavirus treatments or vaccines, our supply chain may be disrupted, limiting our ability to sell Hylenex or supply bulk rHuPH20 to our collaboration partners. Any such disruptions could result in reductions or delays in our revenues.
The effects of COVID-19 could worsen in countries that are already afflicted with the coronavirus which could further adversely impact our ability to conduct our business and could have a material adverse impact on our operations, financial condition and results. We do not yet know the full extent of the impact that COVID-19 may or will have on our business.
In addition, the trading prices for our common shares and other biopharmaceutical companies have been highly volatile as a result of market and investor reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential consequences. As a result, access to sources of financing, should those be needed, may be more difficult and/or expensive. In addition, a recession, depression or other sustained adverse market event resulting from the spread of the coronavirus could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of our common shares.
We have generated only limited revenues to date and we have a history of net losses and negative cash flows.
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Relative to expenses incurred in our operations, we have generated only limited revenues from product sales, royalties, licensing fees, milestone payments, bulk rHuPH20 supply payments and research reimbursements to date. Through September 30, 2021, we have incurred aggregate net losses of $125.7 million. Although we expect to maintain sustainable profitability, unexpected declines in revenues and increases in expenses could inhibit our ability to sustain profitability.
If partners’ product candidates do not receive and maintain regulatory approvals, or if approvals are not obtained in a timely manner, such failure or delay would substantially impair our ability to generate revenues.
Approval from the FDA or equivalent health authorities is necessary to manufacture and market pharmaceutical products in the U.S. and the other countries in which we anticipate doing business have similar requirements. The process for obtaining FDA and other regulatory approvals is extensive, time-consuming, risky and costly, and there is no guarantee that the FDA or other regulatory bodies will approve any applications that may be filed with respect to any of our partners’ product candidates, or that the timing of any such approval will be appropriate for the desired product launch schedule for a product candidate. We and our collaborators attempt to provide guidance as to the timing for the filing and acceptance of such regulatory approvals, but such filings and approvals may not occur when we or our collaborators expect, or at all. The FDA or other foreign regulatory agency may refuse or delay approval of our partners’ product candidates for failure to collect sufficient clinical or animal safety data and require our collaborators to conduct additional clinical or animal safety studies which may cause lengthy delays and increased costs to our partners’ development programs. Any such issues associated with rHuPH20 could have an adverse impact on future development of our partners’ products which include rHuPH20, future sales of Hylenex recombinant, or our ability to maintain our existing collaborations or enter into new collaborations.
We and our collaborators may not be successful in obtaining approvals for any additional potential products in a timely manner, or at all. Refer to the risk factor titled “Our collaboration product candidates may not receive regulatory approvals or their development may be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delayed or unsuccessful clinical trials, regulatory requirements or safety concerns” for additional information relating to the approval of product candidates.
Additionally, even with respect to products which have been approved for commercialization, in order to continue to manufacture and market pharmaceutical products, we or our collaborators must maintain our regulatory approvals. If we or any of our collaborators are unsuccessful in maintaining our regulatory approvals, our ability to generate revenues would be adversely affected.
Use of Hylenex and the products and product candidates of our partners’ could be associated with side effects or adverse events.
As with most pharmaceutical products, use of Hylenex and the products and product candidates of our collaborators could be associated with side effects or adverse events which can vary in severity (from minor reactions to death) and frequency (infrequent or prevalent). Side effects or adverse events associated with the use of Hylenex and the products or product candidates of our collaborators may be observed at any time, including in clinical trials or when a product is commercialized, and any such side effects or adverse events may negatively affect our or our collaborators’ ability to obtain or maintain regulatory approval or market such products and product candidates. Side effects such as toxicity or other safety issues associated with the use of Hylenex and the products and product candidates of our collaborators could require us or our collaborators to perform additional studies or halt development or commercialization of these products and product candidates or expose us to product liability lawsuits which will harm our business. For example, we experienced a clinical hold on patient enrollment and dosing in our phase 2 study of PEGPH20 in patients with PDA (a discontinued program), which was not resolved until we implemented steps to address an observed possible difference in TE event rates between the arms of the study. We or our collaborators may be required by regulatory agencies to conduct additional animal or human studies regarding the safety and efficacy of our pharmaceutical products or product candidates which we have not planned or anticipated. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that we or our collaborators will resolve any issues related to any product or product candidate side effects or adverse events to the satisfaction of the FDA or any regulatory agency in a timely manner or ever, which could harm our business, prospects and financial condition.
If our contract manufacturers or vendors are unable to manufacture and supply to us bulk rHuPH20 or other raw materials, reagents or components in the quantity and quality required by us or our collaborators for use in the production of Hylenex or our partners’ products and product candidates, our Hylenex commercialization efforts or our partners’ product development and commercialization efforts could be delayed or stopped and our business results of operations and our collaborations could be harmed.
We have existing supply agreements with contract manufacturing organizations Avid Bioservices, Inc. (Avid) and Catalent Indiana LLC (Catalent) to produce bulk rHuPH20. These manufacturers each produce bulk rHuPH20 under cGMP for use in Hylenex recombinant, and for use in collaboration products and product candidates. We rely on their ability to successfully manufacture bulk rHuPH20 according to product specifications. In addition to supply obligations, our contract manufacturers will also provide support for the chemistry, manufacturing and controls sections for FDA and other regulatory
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filings. We also rely on vendors to supply us with raw materials to produce reagents and other materials for bioanalytical assays used to support our partners’ clinical trials. We also have a commercial manufacturing and supply agreement with Patheon under which Patheon provides the final fill and finishing steps in the production process of Hylenex recombinant. If any of our contract manufacturers or vendors: (i) is unable to retain its status as an FDA approved manufacturing facility; (ii) is unable to otherwise successfully scale up bulk rHuPH20 production to meet corporate or regulatory authority quality standards; (iii) is unable to procure raw materials, reagents or components necessary to produce bulk rHuPH20, Hylenex recombinant or our bioanalytical assays or (iv) fails to manufacture and supply bulk rHuPH20 in the quantity and quality required by us or our collaborators for use in Hylenex and collaboration products and product candidates for any other reason, our business will be adversely affected. In addition, a significant change in such parties’ or other third party manufacturers’ business or financial condition could adversely affect their abilities to fulfill their contractual obligations to us. We have not established, and may not be able to establish, favorable arrangements with additional bulk rHuPH20 manufacturers and suppliers of the ingredients necessary to manufacture bulk rHuPH20 should the existing manufacturers and suppliers become unavailable or in the event that our existing manufacturers and suppliers are unable to adequately perform their responsibilities. We have attempted to mitigate the impact of a potential supply interruption through the establishment of excess bulk rHuPH20 inventory where possible, but there can be no assurances that this safety stock will be maintained or that it will be sufficient to address any delays, interruptions or other problems experienced by any of our contract manufacturers. Any delays, interruptions or other problems regarding the ability of our contract manufacturers to supply bulk rHuPH20 or the ability of other third party manufacturers, to supply other raw materials or ingredients necessary to produce our products on a timely basis could: (i) cause the delay of our partners’ clinical trials or otherwise delay or prevent the regulatory approval of our partners’ product candidates; (ii) delay or prevent the effective commercialization of Hylenex or collaboration products and product candidates; and/or (iii) cause us to breach contractual obligations to deliver bulk rHuPH20 to our collaborators. Such delays would likely damage our relationship with our collaborators, and they would have a material adverse effect on royalties and thus our business and financial condition. Additionally, we rely on third parties to manufacture, prepare, fill, finish, package, store and ship our product and partners’ product candidates on our behalf. If the third parties we identify fail to perform their obligations, the progress of partners’ clinical trials could be delayed or even suspended and the commercialization of our product and partner products could be delayed or prevented.
If we or any party to a key collaboration agreement fail to perform material obligations under such agreement, or if a key collaboration agreement, is terminated for any reason, our business could significantly suffer.
We have entered into multiple collaboration agreements under which we may receive significant future payments in the form of milestone payments, target designation fees, maintenance fees and royalties. We are heavily dependent on our collaborators to develop and commercialize product candidates subject to our collaborations in order for us to realize any financial benefits from these collaborations. Our collaborators may not devote the attention and resources to such efforts that we would ourselves, change their clinical development plans, promotional efforts or simultaneously develop and commercialize products in competition to those products we have licensed to them. Any of these actions could not be visible to us immediately and could negatively impact our ability to forecast and our ability to achieve the benefits and revenue we receive from such collaboration. In addition, in the event that a party fails to perform under a key collaboration agreement, or if a key collaboration agreement is terminated, the reduction in anticipated revenues could negatively impact our operations. In addition, the termination of a key collaboration agreement by one or more of our collaborators could have a material adverse impact on our ability to enter into additional collaboration agreements with new collaborators on favorable terms, if at all. In certain circumstances, the termination of a key collaboration agreement would require us to revise our corporate strategy going forward and reevaluate the applications and value of our technology.
Hylenex and our partners’ products and product candidates rely on the rHuPH20 enzyme, and any adverse development regarding rHuPH20 could substantially impact multiple areas of our business, including current and potential collaborations, as well as any proprietary programs.
rHuPH20 is a key technological component of Hylenex and our ENHANZE technology and most of our collaboration products and product candidates, including the current and future products and product candidates under our ENHANZE collaborations. If there is an adverse development for rHuPH20 (e.g., an adverse regulatory determination relating to rHuPH20, if we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of rHuPH20, if we are unable to obtain or maintain material proprietary rights to rHuPH20 or if we discover negative characteristics of rHuPH20), multiple areas of our business, including current and potential collaborations, as well as proprietary programs would be substantially impacted. For example, elevated anti-rHuPH20 antibody titers were detected in the registration trial for Baxalta’s HYQVIA product as well as in a former collaborator’s product in a Phase 2 clinical trial with rHuPH20, but have not been associated, in either case, with any adverse events. We monitor for antibodies to rHuPH20 in our collaboration and proprietary programs, and although we do not believe at this time that the incidence of non-neutralizing anti-rHuPH20 antibodies in either the HYQVIA program or the former collaborator’s program will have a significant impact on our proprietary product and our partners’ product and product candidates, there can be no assurance that there will not be other such occurrences in the foregoing programs or that concerns regarding these antibodies
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will not also be raised by the FDA or other health authorities in the future, which could result in delays or discontinuations of our Hylenex commercialization activities, the development or commercialization activities of our partners, or deter our entry into additional collaborations with third parties.
Our business strategy and our strategic focus is currently limited to only a few fields or applications of our technology which may increase the risk for potential negative impact from adverse developments. Future expansion of our strategic focus to additional applications of our technology may require the use of additional resources, result in increased expense and ultimately may not be successful.
We routinely evaluate our business strategy, and may modify this strategy in the future in light of our assessment of unmet medical needs, growth potential, resource requirements, regulatory issues, competition, risks and other factors. As a result of these strategic evaluations, we may focus our resources and efforts on one or a few programs or fields and may suspend or reduce our efforts on other programs and fields. For example, in the fourth quarter of 2019, we decided to focus our resources on our ENHANZE technology and our commercial product, Hylenex. By focusing on these areas, we increase the potential impact on us if one of those partner programs does not successfully complete clinical trials, achieve commercial acceptance or meet expectations regarding sales and revenue. We may also expand our strategic focus by seeking new therapeutics applications of our technology which may require the use of additional resources, increased expense and would require the attention of senior management. There can be no assurance that any such investment of resources would ultimately result in additional approved collaboration products or commercial success of new therapeutic applications of our technology.
Our collaboration product candidates may not receive regulatory approvals or their development may be delayed for a variety of reasons, including delayed or unsuccessful clinical trials, regulatory requirements or safety concerns.
Clinical testing of pharmaceutical products is a long, expensive and uncertain process, and the failure or delay of a clinical trial can occur at any stage, including the patient enrollment stage. Even if initial results of preclinical and nonclinical studies or clinical trial results are promising, our collaborators may obtain different results in subsequent trials or studies that fail to show the desired levels of dose safety and efficacy, or our collaborators may not obtain applicable regulatory approval for a variety of other reasons. Preclinical, nonclinical, and clinical trials for collaboration product candidates could be unsuccessful, which would delay or preclude regulatory approval and commercialization of the product candidates. In the U.S. and other jurisdictions, regulatory approval can be delayed, limited or not granted for many reasons, including, among others:
•during the course of clinical studies, the final data may differ from initial reported data, and clinical results may not meet prescribed endpoints for the studies or otherwise provide sufficient data to support the efficacy of our collaborators’ product candidates;
•clinical and nonclinical test results may reveal inferior pharmacokinetics, side effects, adverse events or unexpected safety issues associated with the use of our collaborators’ product candidates;
•regulatory review may not find that the data from preclinical testing and clinical trials justifies approval;
•regulatory authorities may require that our partners change their studies or conduct additional studies which may significantly delay or make continued pursuit of approval commercially unattractive;
•a regulatory agency may reject partner trial data or disagree with their interpretations of either clinical trial data or applicable regulations;
•a regulatory agency may require additional safety monitoring and reporting through Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies or conditions to assure safe use programs;
•a partner may decide to not pursue regulatory approval for such a product;
•a regulatory agency may not approve our manufacturing processes or facilities, or the processes or facilities of our collaborators, our contract manufacturers or our raw material suppliers;
•a regulatory agency may identify problems or other deficiencies in our existing manufacturing processes or facilities, or the existing processes or facilities of our collaborators, our contract manufacturers or our raw material suppliers;
•a regulatory agency may change its formal or informal approval requirements and policies, act contrary to previous guidance, adopt new regulations or raise new issues or concerns late in the approval process; or
•a partner product candidate may be approved only for indications that are narrow or under conditions that place the product at a competitive disadvantage, which may limit the sales and marketing activities for such product candidate or otherwise adversely impact the commercial potential of a product.
If a collaboration product candidate is not approved in a timely fashion or obtained on commercially viable terms, or if development of any product candidate is terminated due to difficulties or delays encountered in the regulatory approval process, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, and we would become more dependent on the development of other collaboration product candidates and/or our ability to successfully acquire other technologies. There can be no assurances that any collaboration product candidate will receive regulatory approval in a timely manner, or at all. There can be no assurance that partners will be able to gain clarity as to the FDA’s requirements or that the requirements may be satisfied in a
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commercially feasible way, in which case our ability to enter into collaborations with third parties or explore other strategic alternatives to exploit an opportunity will be limited or may not be possible.
We anticipate that certain collaboration products will be marketed, and perhaps manufactured, in foreign countries. The process of obtaining regulatory approvals in foreign countries is subject to delay and failure for the reasons set forth above, as well as for reasons that vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The approval process varies among countries and jurisdictions and can involve additional testing. The time required to obtain approval may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval. Foreign regulatory agencies may not provide approvals on a timely basis, if at all. Approval by the FDA does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other countries or jurisdictions, and approval by one foreign regulatory authority does not ensure approval by regulatory authorities in other foreign countries or jurisdictions or by the FDA.
Our third party collaborators are responsible for providing certain proprietary materials that are essential components of our collaboration products and product candidates, and any failure to supply these materials could delay the development and commercialization efforts for these collaboration products and product candidates and/or damage our collaborations.
Our development and commercialization collaborators are responsible for providing certain proprietary materials that are essential components of our collaboration products and product candidates. For example, Roche is responsible for producing the Herceptin and MabThera required for its subcutaneous products and Baxalta is responsible for producing the GAMMAGARD LIQUID for its product HYQVIA. If a collaborator, or any applicable third party service provider of a collaborator, encounters difficulties in the manufacture, storage, delivery, fill, finish or packaging of the collaboration product or product candidate or component of such product or product candidate, such difficulties could (i) cause the delay of clinical trials or otherwise delay or prevent the regulatory approval of collaboration product candidates; and/or (ii) delay or prevent the effective commercialization of collaboration products. Such delays could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
If we or our collaborators fail to comply with regulatory requirements applicable to promotion, sale and manufacturing of approved products, regulatory agencies may take action against us or them, which could significantly harm our business.
Any approved products, along with the manufacturing processes, post-approval clinical data, labeling, advertising and promotional activities for these products, are subject to continual requirements and review by the FDA, state and foreign regulatory bodies. Regulatory authorities subject a marketed product, its manufacturer and the manufacturing facilities to continual review and periodic inspections. We, our collaborators and our respective contractors, suppliers and vendors, will be subject to ongoing regulatory requirements, including complying with regulations and laws regarding advertising, promotion and sales of drug products, required submissions of safety and other post-market information and reports, registration requirements, cGMP regulations (including requirements relating to quality control and quality assurance, as well as the corresponding maintenance of records and documentation), and the requirements regarding the distribution of samples to physicians and recordkeeping requirements. Regulatory agencies may change existing requirements or adopt new requirements or policies. We, our collaborators and our respective contractors, suppliers and vendors, may be slow to adapt or may not be able to adapt to these changes or new requirements.
In particular, regulatory requirements applicable to pharmaceutical products make the substitution of suppliers and manufacturers costly and time consuming. We have minimal internal manufacturing capabilities and are, and expect to be in the future, entirely dependent on contract manufacturers and suppliers for the manufacture of our products and for their active and other ingredients. The disqualification of these manufacturers and suppliers through their failure to comply with regulatory requirements could negatively impact our business because the delays and costs in obtaining and qualifying alternate suppliers (if such alternative suppliers are available, which we cannot assure) could delay our partners’ clinical trials or otherwise inhibit our or partners’ ability to bring approved products to market, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. Likewise, if we, our collaborators and our respective contractors, suppliers and vendors involved in sales and promotion of our products do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, for example off-label or false or misleading promotion, this could materially harm our business and financial condition.
Failure to comply with regulatory requirements may result in any of the following:
•restrictions on our or our partners’ products or manufacturing processes;
•warning letters;
•withdrawal of our or our partners’ products from the market;
•voluntary or mandatory recall;
•fines;
•suspension or withdrawal of regulatory approvals;
•suspension or termination of any of our partners’ ongoing clinical trials;
•refusal to permit the import or export of our or our partners’ products;
•refusal to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications that we submit;
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•product seizure;
•injunctions; or
•imposition of civil or criminal penalties.
We may need to raise additional capital in the future and there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain such funds.
We may need to raise additional capital in the future to fund our operations and for general corporate purposes if revenues do not occur as expected. Our current cash reserves and expected revenues may not be sufficient for us to fund general operations and conduct our business at the level desired. In addition, if we engage in acquisitions of companies, products or technologies in order to execute our business strategy, we may need to raise additional capital. We may raise additional capital in the future through one or more financing vehicles that may be available to us including (i) new collaborative agreements; (ii) expansions or revisions to existing collaborative relationships; (iii) private financings; (iv) other equity or debt financings; (v) monetizing assets; and/or (vi) the public offering of securities.
If we are required to raise additional capital in the future, it may not be available on favorable financing terms within the time required, or at all. If additional capital is not available on favorable terms when needed, we will be required to raise capital on adverse terms or significantly reduce operating expenses through the restructuring of our operations or deferral of strategic business initiatives. If we raise additional capital through a public offering of securities or equity, a substantial number of additional shares may be issued, which may negatively affect our stock price and these additional shares will dilute the ownership interest of our current investors.
We currently have significant debt and may incur additional debt. Failure by us to fulfill our obligations under the applicable debt agreements may cause the repayment obligations to accelerate.
The aggregate amount of our consolidated indebtedness, net of debt discount, as of September 30, 2021 was $875.7 million, which includes $90.9 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2024 Convertible Notes and $805.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2027 Convertible Notes, net of unamortized debt discount of $1.7 million and of $18.5 million, respectively. We also may incur additional indebtedness in the future.
Our indebtedness may:
•make it difficult for us to satisfy our financial obligations, including making scheduled principal and interest payments on our indebtedness;
•limit our ability to borrow additional funds for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other general corporate purposes;
•limit our ability to use our cash flow or obtain additional financing for future working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, share repurchases or other general business purposes;
•require us to use a portion of our cash flow from operations to make debt service payments;
•limit our flexibility to plan for, or react to, changes in our business and industry;
•place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our less leveraged competitors; and
•increase our vulnerability to the impact of adverse economic and industry conditions.
Our ability to make payments on our existing or any future debt will depend on our future operating performance and ability to generate cash and may also depend on our ability to obtain additional debt or equity financing. It will also depend on financial, business or other factors affecting our operations, many of which are beyond our control. We will need to use cash to pay principal and interest on our debt, thereby reducing the funds available to fund operations, strategic initiatives and working capital requirements. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash to service our debt obligations, an event of default may occur under any of our debt instruments which could result in an acceleration of such debt upon which we may be required to repay all the amounts outstanding under some or all of our debt instruments. Such an acceleration of our debt obligations could harm our financial condition. From time to time, we may seek to retire or repurchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity or debt, in open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any such repurchases or exchanges would be on such terms and at such prices as we determine, and will depend on current market conditions, our liquidity needs, any restrictions in our contracts and other factors. The amounts involved in such transactions could be material.
The conditional conversion feature of the Convertible Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
In the event the conditional conversion feature of the Convertible Notes is triggered, holders of the Convertible Notes will be entitled to convert the notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their notes, we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation in cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. Even if holders of the Convertible Notes do not elect to convert their notes, we are required under applicable
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accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the notes as a current rather than long-term liability when the conditional conversion feature is triggered, which results in a material reduction of our net working capital. For example, as of September 30, 2021, the conditional conversion feature was triggered and our 2024 Convertible Notes are classified as a current liability.
Conversion of our Convertible Notes may dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.
The conversion of some or all of our Convertible Notes, to the extent we deliver shares upon conversion, will dilute the ownership interests of existing stockholders. Any sales in the public market of the Convertible Notes or our common stock issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition, the existence of the Convertible Notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the Convertible Notes could be used to satisfy short positions, or anticipated conversion of the Convertible Notes into shares of our common stock could depress the price of our common stock.
If collaboration product candidates are approved for marketing but do not gain market acceptance resulting in commercial performance below that which was expected or projected, our business may suffer and we may not be able to fund future operations.
Assuming that existing or future collaboration product candidates obtain the necessary regulatory approvals for commercial sale, a number of factors may affect the market acceptance of these newly-approved products, including, among others:
•the degree to which the use of these products is restricted by the approved product label;
•the price of these products relative to other therapies for the same or similar treatments;
•the extent to which reimbursement for these products and related treatments will be available from third party payors including government insurance programs and private insurers;
•the introduction of generic or biosimilar competitors to these products;
•the perception by patients, physicians and other members of the health care community of the effectiveness and safety of these products for their prescribed treatments relative to other therapies for the same or similar treatments;
•the ability and willingness of our collaborators to fund sales and marketing efforts; and
•the effectiveness of the sales and marketing efforts of our collaborators.
If these collaboration products do not gain or maintain market acceptance or experience reduced sales resulting in commercial performance below that which was expected or projected, the royalties we expect to receive from these products will be diminished which could harm our ability to fund future operations, including conduct acquisitions, execute our planned share repurchases, or affect our ability to use funds for other general corporate purposes and cause our business to suffer.
In addition, our partners’ product candidates will be restricted to the labels approved by FDA and applicable regulatory bodies, and these restrictions may limit the marketing and promotion of the ultimate products. If the approved labels are restrictive, the sales and marketing efforts for these collaboration products may be negatively affected.
Our ability to license our ENHANZE technology to our collaboration partners depends on the validity of our patents and other proprietary rights.
Patents and other proprietary rights are essential to our business. Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our inventions, to preserve our trade secrets and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. We have multiple patents and patent applications throughout the world pertaining to our recombinant human hyaluronidase and methods of use and manufacture, including an issued U.S. patent which expires in 2027 and an issued European patent which expires in 2024, which we believe cover the products and product candidates under our existing collaborations, and Hylenex. Although we believe our patent filings represent a barrier to entry for potential competitors looking to utilize these hyaluronidases, upon expiration of our patents other pharmaceutical companies may (if they do not infringe our other patents) seek to compete with us by developing, manufacturing and selling biosimilars to the active drug ingredient in our ENHANZE technology used by our collaboration partners in combination with their products. Any such loss of patent protection or proprietary rights could lead to a reduction or loss of revenues, incentivize one or more of our key ENHANZE collaboration partners to terminate their relationship with us and impact our ability to enter into new collaboration and license agreements.
Developing and marketing pharmaceutical products for human use involves significant product liability risks for which we currently have limited insurance coverage.
The testing, marketing and sale of pharmaceutical products involves the risk of product liability claims by consumers and other third parties. Although we maintain product liability insurance coverage, product liability claims can be high in the
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pharmaceutical industry, and our insurance may not sufficiently cover our actual liabilities. If product liability claims were to be made against us, it is possible that the liabilities may exceed the limits of our insurance policy, or our insurance carriers may deny, or attempt to deny, coverage in certain instances. If a lawsuit against us is successful, then the insurance coverage may not be sufficient and could materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition. Furthermore, various distributors of pharmaceutical products require minimum product liability insurance coverage before purchase or acceptance of products for distribution. Failure to satisfy these insurance requirements could impede our ability to achieve broad distribution of our proposed products, and higher insurance requirements could impose additional costs on us. In addition, since many of our collaboration product candidates include the pharmaceutical products of a third party, we run the risk that problems with the third party pharmaceutical product will give rise to liability claims against us.
If our collaborators do not achieve projected development, clinical, or regulatory goals in the timeframes publicly announced or otherwise expected, the commercialization of our collaboration products may be delayed and, as a result, our stock price may decline, and we may face lawsuits relating to such declines.
From time to time, our collaborators may publicly articulate the estimated timing for the accomplishment of certain scientific, clinical, regulatory and other product development goals. The accomplishment of any goal is typically based on numerous assumptions, and the achievement of a particular goal may be delayed for any number of reasons both within and outside of our and our collaborators’ control. If scientific, regulatory, strategic or other factors cause a collaboration partner to not meet a goal, regardless of whether that goal has been publicly articulated or not, our stock price may decline rapidly. Stock price declines may also trigger direct or derivative shareholder lawsuits. As with any litigation proceeding, the eventual outcome of any legal action is difficult to predict. If any such lawsuits occur, we will incur expenses in connection with the defense of these lawsuits, and we may have to pay substantial damages or settlement costs in connection with any resolution thereof. Although we have insurance coverage against which we may claim recovery against some of these expenses and costs, the amount of coverage may not be adequate to cover the full amount or certain expenses and costs may be outside the scope of the policies we maintain. In the event of an adverse outcome or outcomes, our business could be materially harmed from depletion of cash resources, negative impact on our reputation, or restrictions or changes to our governance or other processes that may result from any final disposition of the lawsuit. Moreover, responding to and defending pending litigation significantly diverts management’s attention from our operations.
In addition, the consistent failure to meet publicly announced milestones may erode the credibility of our management team with respect to future milestone estimates.
Future acquisitions could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition.
In order to augment our product pipeline or otherwise strengthen our business, we may decide to acquire additional businesses, products and technologies. As we have limited experience in evaluating and completing acquisitions, our ability as an organization to make such acquisitions is unproven. Acquisitions could require significant capital infusions and could involve many risks, including, but not limited to, the following:
•we may have to issue additional convertible debt or equity securities to complete an acquisition, which would dilute our stockholders and could adversely affect the market price of our common stock;
•an acquisition may negatively impact our results of operations because it may require us to amortize or write down amounts related to goodwill and other intangible assets, or incur or assume substantial debt or liabilities, or it may cause adverse tax consequences, substantial depreciation or deferred compensation charges;
•we may encounter difficulties in assimilating and integrating the business, products, technologies, personnel or operations of companies that we acquire;
•certain acquisitions may impact our relationship with existing or potential collaborators who are competitive with the acquired business, products or technologies;
•acquisitions may require significant capital infusions and the acquired businesses, products or technologies may not generate sufficient value to justify acquisition costs;
•we may take on liabilities from the acquired company such as debt, legal liabilities or business risk which could be significant;
•an acquisition may disrupt our ongoing business, divert resources, increase our expenses and distract our management;
•acquisitions may involve the entry into a geographic or business market in which we have little or no prior experience; and
•key personnel of an acquired company may decide not to work for us.
If any of these risks occurred, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. There is no assurance that we will be able to identify or consummate any future acquisitions on acceptable terms, or at all. If we do pursue any acquisitions, it is possible that we may not realize the anticipated benefits from such acquisitions or that the market will not view such acquisitions positively.
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Our effective tax rate may fluctuate, and we may incur obligations in tax jurisdictions in excess of accrued amounts.
Our effective tax rate is derived from a combination of applicable tax rates in the various places that we operate. In preparing our financial statements, we estimate the amount of tax that will become payable in each of such places. Nevertheless, our effective tax rate may be different than experienced in the past due to numerous factors, including changes in the mix of our profitability between different tax jurisdictions, the results of examinations and audits of our tax filings, our inability to secure or sustain acceptable agreements with tax authorities, changes in accounting for income taxes and changes in tax laws. Any of these factors could cause us to experience an effective tax rate significantly different from previous periods or our current expectations and may result in tax obligations in excess of amounts accrued in our financial statements.
In addition, on September 30, 2021, we determined, based on our facts and circumstances, that it was more likely than not that a substantial portion of our deferred tax assets would be realized and, as a result, substantially all of our valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets was released. This resulted in substantially and disproportionately increasing our reported net income and our earnings per share compared to our operating results for the third quarter of 2021. Historical and future comparisons to these amounts are not, and will not be, indicative of actual profitability trends for our business. Beginning in 2022, we expect to commence recording income tax expense at an estimated tax rate that will likely approximate statutory tax rates, which would result in a significant reduction in our net income and net income per share.
Risks Related To Ownership of Our Common Stock
Our stock price is subject to significant volatility.
We participate in a highly dynamic industry which often results in significant volatility in the market price of common stock irrespective of company performance. The high and low sales prices of our common stock during the twelve months ended September 30, 2021 were $56.40 and $25.70, respectively. We expect our stock price to continue to be subject to significant volatility and, in addition to the other risks and uncertainties described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and all other risks and uncertainties that are either not known to us at this time or which we deem to be immaterial, any of the following factors may lead to a significant drop in our stock price:
•the presence of competitive products to those being developed by our partners;
•failure (actual or perceived) of our collaborators to devote attention or resources to the development or commercialization of products or product candidates licensed to such collaborator;
•a dispute regarding our failure, or the failure of one of our third party collaborators, to comply with the terms of a collaboration agreement;
•the termination, for any reason, of any of our collaboration agreements;
•the sale of common stock by any significant stockholder, including, but not limited to, direct or indirect sales by members of management or our Board of Directors;
•the resignation, or other departure, of members of management or our Board of Directors;
•general negative conditions in the healthcare industry;
•pandemics or other global crises;
•general negative conditions in the financial markets;
•the cost associated with obtaining regulatory approval for any of our collaboration product candidates;
•the failure, for any reason, to secure or defend our intellectual property position;
•the failure or delay of applicable regulatory bodies to approve our partners’ product candidates;
•identification of safety or tolerability issues;
•failure of our partners’ clinical trials to meet efficacy endpoints;
•suspensions or delays in the conduct of our partners’ clinical trials or securing of regulatory approvals;
•adverse regulatory action with respect to our and our collaborators’ products and product candidates such as loss of regulatory approval to commercialize such products, clinical holds, imposition of onerous requirements for approval or product recalls;
•our failure, or the failure of our third party collaborators, to successfully commercialize products approved by applicable regulatory bodies such as the FDA;
•our failure, or the failure of our third party collaborators, to generate product revenues anticipated by investors;
•disruptions in our clinical or commercial supply chains, including disruptions caused by problems with a bulk rHuPH20 contract manufacturer or a fill and finish manufacturer for any product or product collaboration candidate;
•the sale of additional debt and/or equity securities by us;
•our failure to obtain financing on acceptable terms or at all;
•a restructuring of our operations;
•an inability to execute our share repurchase program in the time and manner we expect due to market, business, legal or other considerations; or
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•a conversion of the Convertible Notes into shares of our common stock.
Future transactions where we raise capital may negatively affect our stock price.
We are currently a “Well-Known Seasoned Issuer” and may file automatic shelf registration statements at any time with the SEC. Sales of substantial amounts of shares of our common stock or other securities under future shelf registration statements could lower the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of equity securities.
Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents, the Indentures and Delaware law may make an acquisition of us more difficult.
Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents, the Indentures and Delaware law may make an acquisition of us more difficult. First, our Board of Directors is classified into three classes of directors. Under Delaware law, directors of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended, does not provide otherwise. In addition, our bylaws limit who may call special meetings of stockholders, permitting only stockholders holding at least 50% of our outstanding shares to call a special meeting of stockholders. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not include a provision for cumulative voting for directors. Under cumulative voting, a minority stockholder holding a sufficient percentage of a class of shares may be able to ensure the election of one or more directors. Finally, our bylaws establish procedures, including advance notice procedures, with regard to the nomination of candidates for election as directors and stockholder proposals.
These provisions in our charter documents may discourage potential takeover attempts, discourage bids for our common stock at a premium over market price or adversely affect the market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of, our common stock. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors other than the candidates nominated by our board of directors.
Further, in connection with our Convertible Notes issuances, we entered into an indenture dated as of November 18, 2019 and an indenture dated as of March 1, 2021 (the “Indentures”), with The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. Certain provisions in the Indentures could make it more difficult or more expensive for a third party to acquire us. For example, if a takeover would constitute a fundamental change, holders of the Convertible Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase their Convertible Notes in cash. In addition, if a takeover constitutes a make-whole fundamental change, we may be required to increase the conversion rate for holders who convert their Convertible Notes in connection with such takeover. In either case, and in other cases, our obligations under the Convertible Notes and the Indentures could increase the cost of acquiring us or otherwise discourage a third party from acquiring us or removing incumbent management.
In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which may prohibit large stockholders from consummating a merger with, or acquisition of, us.
These provisions may deter an acquisition of us that might otherwise be attractive to stockholders.
Risks Related to Our Industry
Our partners’ products must receive regulatory approval before they can be sold, and compliance with the extensive government regulations is expensive and time consuming and may result in the delay or cancellation of collaboration product sales, introductions or modifications.
Extensive industry regulation has had, and will continue to have, a significant impact on our business. All pharmaceutical companies, including ours, are subject to extensive, complex, costly and evolving regulation by the health regulatory agencies including the FDA (and with respect to controlled drug substances, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)) and equivalent foreign regulatory agencies and state and local/regional government agencies. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, the Controlled Substances Act and other domestic and foreign statutes and regulations govern or influence the testing, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, storing, recordkeeping, safety, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution of our product and our partners’ products and product candidates. We are dependent on receiving FDA and other governmental approvals, including regulatory approvals in jurisdictions outside the United States, prior to manufacturing, marketing and shipping our products. Consequently, there is always a risk that the FDA or other applicable governmental authorities, including those outside the United States, will not approve our partners’ products or may impose onerous, costly and time-consuming requirements such as additional clinical or animal testing. Regulatory authorities may require that our partners’ change our studies or conduct additional studies, which may significantly delay or make continued pursuit of approval commercially unattractive to our partners. For example, the approval of Baxalta’s HYQVIA BLA was delayed by the FDA until we and Baxalta provided additional preclinical data sufficient to address concerns regarding non-neutralizing antibodies to rHuPH20 that were detected in the registration trial. Although these antibodies have not been associated with any known adverse clinical effects, and the HYQVIA BLA was ultimately approved by the FDA, the FDA or other foreign regulatory agency may, at any
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time, halt our and our collaborators’ development and commercialization activities due to safety concerns. In addition, even if our product or partners’ products are approved, regulatory agencies may also take post-approval action limiting or revoking our or our partners’ ability to sell these products. Any of these regulatory actions may adversely affect the economic benefit we may derive from our product or our partners’ products and therefore harm our financial condition.
Under certain of these regulations, in addition to our partners, we and our contract suppliers and manufacturers are subject to periodic inspection of our or their respective facilities, procedures and operations and/or the testing of products by the FDA, the DEA and other authorities, which conduct periodic inspections to confirm that we and our contract suppliers and manufacturers are in compliance with all applicable regulations. The FDA also conducts pre-approval and post-approval reviews and plant inspections to determine whether our systems, or our contract suppliers’ and manufacturers’ processes, are in compliance with cGMP and other FDA regulations. If our partners, we, or our contract suppliers, fail these inspections, our partners may not be able to commercialize their products in a timely manner without incurring significant additional costs, or at all.
In addition, the FDA imposes a number of complex regulatory requirements on entities that advertise and promote pharmaceuticals including, but not limited to, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities involving the Internet.
We may be subject, directly or indirectly, to various broad federal and state healthcare laws. If we are unable to comply, or have not fully complied, with such laws, we could face civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, monetary fines, disgorgement, possible exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings and curtailment or restructuring of our operations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate.
Our business operations and activities may be directly, or indirectly, subject to various broad federal and state healthcare laws, including without limitation, anti-kickback laws, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), false claims laws, civil monetary penalty laws, data privacy and security laws, tracing and tracking laws, as well as transparency laws regarding payments or other items of value provided to healthcare providers. These laws may restrict or prohibit a wide range of business activities, including, but not limited to, research, manufacturing, distribution, pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion and other business arrangements. These laws may impact, among other things, our current activities with principal investigators and research subjects, as well as sales, marketing and education programs. Many states have similar healthcare fraud and abuse laws, some of which may be broader in scope and may not be limited to items or services for which payment is made by a government health care program.
Efforts to ensure that our business arrangements will comply with applicable healthcare laws may involve substantial costs. While we have adopted a healthcare corporate compliance program, it is possible that governmental and enforcement authorities will conclude that our business practices may not comply with current or future statutes, regulations or case law interpreting applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare laws. If our operations or activities are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to, without limitation, civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages, monetary fines, disgorgement, possible exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings and curtailment or restructuring of our operations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate.
In addition, any sales of products outside the U.S. will also likely subject us to the FCPA and foreign equivalents of the healthcare laws mentioned above, among other foreign laws.
We may be required to initiate or defend against legal proceedings related to intellectual property rights, which may result in substantial expense, delay and/or cessation of the development and commercialization of our products.
We primarily rely on patents to protect our intellectual property rights. The strength of this protection, however, is uncertain. For example, it is not certain that:
•we will be able to obtain patent protection for our products and technologies;
•the scope of any of our issued patents will be sufficient to provide commercially significant exclusivity for our products and technologies;
•others will not independently develop similar or alternative technologies or duplicate our technologies and obtain patent protection before we do; and
•any of our issued patents, or patent pending applications that result in issued patents, will be held valid, enforceable and infringed in the event the patents are asserted against others.
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We currently own or license several patents and also have pending patent applications applicable to rHuPH20 and other proprietary materials. There can be no assurance that our existing patents, or any patents issued to us as a result of our pending patent applications, will provide a basis for commercially viable products, will provide us with any competitive advantages, or will not face third party challenges or be the subject of further proceedings limiting their scope or enforceability. Any weaknesses or limitations in our patent portfolio could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. In addition, if any of our pending patent applications do not result in issued patents, or result in issued patents with narrow or limited claims, this could result in us having no or limited protection against generic or biosimilar competition against our product candidates which would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
We may become involved in interference proceedings in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or other proceedings in other jurisdictions, to determine the priority, validity or enforceability of our patents. In addition, costly litigation could be necessary to protect our patent position.
We also rely on trademarks to protect the names of our products (e.g. Hylenex recombinant). We may not be able to obtain trademark protection for any proposed product names we select. In addition, product names for pharmaceutical products must be approved by health regulatory authorities such as the FDA in addition to meeting the legal standards required for trademark protection and product names we propose may not be timely approved by regulatory agencies which may delay product launch. In addition, our trademarks may be challenged by others. If we enforce our trademarks against third parties, such enforcement proceedings may be expensive.
We also rely on trade secrets, unpatented proprietary know-how and continuing technological innovation that we seek to protect with confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants and others with whom we discuss our business. Disputes may arise concerning the ownership of intellectual property or the applicability or enforceability of these agreements, and we might not be able to resolve these disputes in our favor.
In addition to protecting our own intellectual property rights, third parties may assert patent, trademark or copyright infringement or other intellectual property claims against us. If we become involved in any intellectual property litigation, we may be required to pay substantial damages, including but not limited to treble damages, attorneys’ fees and costs, for past infringement if it is ultimately determined that our products infringe a third party’s intellectual property rights. Even if infringement claims against us are without merit, defending a lawsuit takes significant time, may be expensive and may divert management’s attention from other business concerns. Further, we may be stopped from developing, manufacturing or selling our products until we obtain a license from the owner of the relevant technology or other intellectual property rights. If such a license is available at all, it may require us to pay substantial royalties or other fees.
Patent protection for protein-based therapeutic products and other biotechnology inventions is subject to a great deal of uncertainty, and if patent laws or the interpretation of patent laws change, our competitors may be able to develop and commercialize products based on our discoveries.
Patent protection for protein-based therapeutic products is highly uncertain and involves complex legal and factual questions. In recent years, there have been significant changes in patent law, including the legal standards that govern the scope of protein and biotechnology patents. Standards for patentability of full-length and partial genes, and their corresponding proteins, are changing. Recent court decisions have made it more difficult to obtain patents, by making it more difficult to satisfy the patentable subject matter requirement and the requirement of non-obviousness, have decreased the availability of injunctions against infringers, and have increased the likelihood of challenging the validity of a patent through a declaratory judgment action. Taken together, these decisions could make it more difficult and costly for us to obtain, license and enforce our patents. In addition, the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (HR 1249) was signed into law in September 2011, which among other changes to the U.S. patent laws, changes patent priority from “first to invent” to “first to file,” implements a post-grant opposition system for patents and provides for a prior user defense to infringement. These judicial and legislative changes have introduced significant uncertainty in the patent law landscape and may potentially negatively impact our ability to procure, maintain and enforce patents to provide exclusivity for our products.
There also have been, and continue to be, policy discussions concerning the scope of patent protection awarded to biotechnology inventions. Social and political opposition to biotechnology patents may lead to narrower patent protection within the biotechnology industry. Social and political opposition to patents on genes and proteins and recent court decisions concerning patentability of isolated genes may lead to narrower patent protection, or narrower claim interpretation, for isolated genes, their corresponding proteins and inventions related to their use, formulation and manufacture. Patent protection relating to biotechnology products is also subject to a great deal of uncertainty outside the U.S., and patent laws are evolving and undergoing revision in many countries. Changes in, or different interpretations of, patent laws worldwide may result in our inability to obtain or enforce patents, and may allow others to use our discoveries to develop and commercialize competitive products, which would impair our business.
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If third party reimbursement and customer contracts are not available, Hylenex and our partners’ products may not be accepted in the market resulting in commercial performance below that which was expected or projected.
Our ability to earn sufficient returns on Hylenex and our partners’ ability to earn sufficient returns on their products will depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement for these products and related treatments will be available from government health administration authorities, private health insurers, managed care organizations and other healthcare providers.
Third-party payors are increasingly attempting to limit both the coverage and the level of reimbursement of new drug products to contain costs. Consequently, significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare products. Third party payors may not establish adequate levels of reimbursement for the products that we and our partners commercialize, which could limit their market acceptance and result in a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition.
Customer contracts, such as with group purchasing organizations and hospital formularies, will often not offer contract or formulary status without either the lowest price or substantial proven clinical differentiation. If, for example, Hylenex is compared to animal-derived hyaluronidases by these entities, it is possible that neither of these conditions will be met, which could limit market acceptance and result in a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition.
The rising cost of healthcare and related pharmaceutical product pricing has led to cost containment pressures from third-party payers as well as changes in federal coverage and reimbursement policies and practices that could cause us and our partners to sell our products at lower prices, and impact access to our and our partners’ products, resulting in less revenue to us.
Any of our proprietary or collaboration products that have been, or in the future are, approved by the FDA may be purchased or reimbursed by state and federal government authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, such as health maintenance organizations and managed care organizations. Such third party payors increasingly challenge pharmaceutical product pricing. The trend toward managed healthcare in the U.S., the growth of such organizations, and various legislative proposals and enactments to reform healthcare and government insurance programs, including the Medicare Prescription Drug Modernization Act of 2003 and the Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), could significantly influence the manner in which pharmaceutical products are prescribed and purchased, resulting in lower prices and/or a reduction in demand. Such cost containment measures and healthcare reforms could adversely affect our ability to sell our product and our partners’ ability to sell their products.
In the U.S., our business may be impacted by changes in federal reimbursement policy resulting from executive actions, federal regulations, or federal demonstration projects.
The federal administration and/or agencies, such as CMS, have announced a number of demonstration projects, recommendations and proposals to implement various elements described in the drug pricing blueprint. CMS, the federal agency responsible for administering Medicare and overseeing state Medicaid programs and Health Insurance Marketplaces, has substantial power to implement policy changes or demonstration projects that can quickly and significantly affect how drugs, including our products, are covered and reimbursed. For example, in November 2020, former President Trump announced the interim final rule to implement the Most Favored Nations drug pricing model seeking to tie Medicare payment rates to an international index price. This final rule is currently subject to a preliminary injunction. Additionally, a number of Congressional committees have also held hearings and evaluated proposed legislation on drug pricing and payment policy which may affect our business. For example, in July 2019, the Senate Finance Committee advanced a bill that in part would penalize pharmaceutical manufacturers for increasing drug list prices covered by Medicare Part B and Part D, faster than the rate of inflation, and cap out-of-pocket expenses for Medicare Part D beneficiaries. Several other proposals have been introduced that, if enacted and implemented, could affect access to and sales of our and our partners’ products, allow the federal government to engage in price negotiations on certain drugs, and allow importation of prescription medication from Canada or other countries.
In this dynamic environment, we are unable to predict which or how many federal policy, legislative or regulatory changes may ultimately be enacted. To the extent federal government initiatives decrease or modify the coverage or reimbursement available for our or our partners’ products, limit or impact our decisions regarding the pricing of biopharmaceutical products or otherwise reduce the use of our or our partners’ U.S. products, such actions could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
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Furthermore, individual states are considering proposed legislation and have become increasingly aggressive in passing legislation and implementing regulations designed to control pharmaceutical product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints, discounts, restrictions on certain product access, importation from other countries and bulk purchasing. Legally mandated price controls on payment amounts by third party payors or other restrictions could negatively and materially impact our revenues and financial condition. We anticipate that we will encounter similar regulatory and legislative issues in most other countries outside the U.S.
In addition, private payers in the US, including insurers, pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs), integrated healthcare delivery systems, and group purchasing organizations, are continuously seeking ways to reduce drug costs. Many payers have developed and continue to develop ways to shift a greater portion of drug costs to patients through, for example, limited benefit plan designs, high deductible plans and higher co-pay or coinsurance obligations. Consolidation in the payer space has also resulted in a few large PBMs and insurers which place greater pressure on pricing and utilization negotiations for our and our partners’ products in the U.S., increasing the need for higher discounts and rebates and limiting patient access and utilization. Ultimately, additional discounts, rebates and other price reductions, fees, coverage and plan changes, or exclusions imposed by these private payers on our and our partners’ products could have an adverse event on product sales, our business and results of operations.
We also face risks relating to the reporting of pricing data that affects the reimbursement of and discounts provided for our products. Government price reporting regulations are complex and may require a manufacturer to update certain previously submitted data. If our submitted pricing data are incorrect, we may become subject to substantial fines and penalties or other government enforcement actions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, as a result of restating previously reported price data, we also may be required to pay additional rebates and provide additional discounts.
We face intense competition and rapid technological change that could result in the development of products by others that are competitive with or superior to our proprietary and collaboration products, including those under development.
Our proprietary and collaboration products have numerous competitors in the U.S. and abroad including, among others, major pharmaceutical and specialized biotechnology firms, universities and other research institutions that have developed competing products. Many of these competitors have substantially more resources and product development, manufacturing and marketing experience and capabilities than we do. The competitors for Hylenex recombinant include, but are not limited to, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.’s FDA-approved product, Vitrase®, an ovine (ram) hyaluronidase, and Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s product, Amphadase®, a bovine (bull) hyaluronidase. For our ENHANZE technology, such competitors may include major pharmaceutical and specialized biotechnology firms. These competitors may develop technologies and products that are more effective, safer, or less costly than our current or future proprietary and collaboration products and product candidates or that could render our and our partners’ products, technologies and product candidates obsolete or noncompetitive.
General Risks
Our inability to attract, hire and retain key management and scientific personnel could negatively affect our business.
Our success depends on the performance of key management and scientific employees with relevant experience. We depend substantially on our ability to hire, train, motivate and retain high quality personnel, especially our scientists and management team. If we are unable to identify, hire and retain qualified personnel, our ability to support current and future alliances with strategic collaborators could be adversely impacted. Our use of domestic and international third-party contractors, consultants and staffing agencies also subjects us to potential co-employment liability claims.
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Furthermore, if we were to lose key management personnel, we may lose some portion of our institutional knowledge and technical know-how, potentially causing a disruption or delay in one or more of our partnered development programs until adequate replacement personnel could be hired and trained. In addition, we do not have key person life insurance policies on the lives of any of our employees which would help cover the cost of associated with the loss of key employees.
Our operations might be interrupted by the occurrence of a natural disaster or other catastrophic event.
Our operations, including laboratories, offices and other research facilities, are located in multiple buildings in San Diego, California. We depend on our facilities and on our collaborators, contractors and vendors for the continued operation of our business. Natural disasters or other catastrophic events, pandemics, interruptions in the supply of natural resources, political and governmental changes, wildfires and other fires, floods, explosions, actions of animal rights activists, earthquakes and civil unrest could disrupt our operations or those of our collaborators, contractors and vendors. Even though we believe we carry commercially reasonable business interruption and liability insurance, and our contractors may carry liability insurance that protect us in certain events, we may suffer losses as a result of business interruptions that exceed the coverage available under our and our contractors’ insurance policies or for which we or our contractors do not have coverage. Any natural disaster or catastrophic event could have a significant negative impact on our operations and financial results. Moreover, any such event could delay our partners’ research and development programs.
Cyberattacks, security breaches or system breakdowns may disrupt our operations and harm our operating results and reputation.
We and our partners are subject to increasingly sophisticated attempts to gain unauthorized access to our information technology storage and access systems and are devoting resources to protect against such intrusion. Cyberattacks could render us or our partners unable to utilize key systems or access important data needed to operate our business. The wrongful use, theft, deliberate sabotage or any other type of security breach with respect to any of our or any of our vendors and partners’ information technology storage and access systems could result in the breakdown or other service interruption, or the disruption of our ability to use such systems or disclosure or dissemination of proprietary and confidential information that is electronically stored, including intellectual property, trade secrets, financial information, regulatory information, strategic plans, sales trends and forecasts, litigation materials or personal information belonging to us, our staff, our patients, customers and/or other business partners which could result in a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. We continue to invest in monitoring, and other security and data recovery measures to protect our critical and sensitive data and systems. However, these may not be adequate to prevent or fully recover systems or data from all breakdowns, service interruptions, attacks or breaches of our systems. In addition, our cybersecurity insurance may not be sufficient to cover us against liability related to any such breaches. Furthermore, any physical break-in or trespass of our facilities could result in the misappropriation, theft, sabotage or any other type of security breach with respect to our proprietary and confidential information, including research or clinical data or damage to our research and development equipment and assets. Such adverse effects could be material and irrevocable to our business, operating results, financial condition and reputation.
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Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes in our market risks during the quarter ended September 30, 2021.
As of September 30, 2021, our cash equivalents and marketable securities consisted of investments in money market funds, U.S. Treasury securities, asset-backed securities, corporate debt obligations and commercial paper. These investments were made in accordance with our investment policy which specifies the categories, allocations, and ratings of securities we may consider for investment. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. Some of the financial instruments that we invest in could be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the value of the instruments to fluctuate. For example, if we purchase a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the value of that security will probably decline. Based on our current investment portfolio as of September 30, 2021, we do not believe that our results of operations would be materially impacted by an immediate change of 10% in interest rates.
We do not hold or issue derivatives, derivative commodity instruments or other financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. Further, we do not believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities have significant risk of default or illiquidity. We made this determination based on discussions with our investment advisors and a review of our holdings. While we believe our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities do not contain excessive risk, we cannot provide absolute assurance that in the future our investments will not be subject to adverse changes in market value. All of our cash equivalents and marketable securities are recorded at fair market value.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the timelines specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decision regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There have been no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may be involved in disputes, including litigation, relating to claims arising out of operations in the normal course of our business. Any of these claims could subject us to costly legal expenses and, while we generally believe that we have adequate insurance to cover many different types of liabilities, our insurance carriers may deny coverage or our policy limits may be inadequate to fully satisfy any damage awards or settlements. If this were to happen, the payment of any such awards could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial position. Additionally, any such claims, whether or not successful, could damage our reputation and business. We currently are not a party to any legal proceedings, the adverse outcome of which, in management’s opinion, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.
Item 1A.Risk Factors
We have provided updated Risk Factors in the section labeled “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Except for the addition of the Risk Factor entitled “Our effective tax rate may fluctuate, and we may incur obligations in tax jurisdictions in excess of accrued amounts”, we do not believe the updates have materially changed the type or magnitude of risks we face in comparison to the disclosure provided in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The table below sets forth information regarding repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2021:

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Weighted-Average Price paid per share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased under the Programs (thousands)
July 1, 2021 through July 31, 2021 |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 74,864 |
August 1, 2021 through August 31, 2021 |  | 504,092 |  |  | $ | 41.07 |  |  | 504,092 |  |  | $ | 54,149 |
September 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021 |  | 1,058,521 |  |  | $ | 41.55 |  |  | 1,058,521 |  |  | $ | 10,147 |
Total |  | 1,562,613 |  |  |  |  | 1,562,613 |  |  |

In November, 2019, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized a capital return program to repurchase up to $550.0 million of outstanding common stock during a three-year period. The above repurchases were pursuant to that program. In October 2021, we repurchased 0.3 million shares of common stock for $10.3 million, excluding commissions, completing our November 2019 share repurchase program.
Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5.Other Information
None.
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Item 6.Exhibits

3.1 |  | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (1)
3.2 |  | Bylaws, as amended (2)
4.1 |  | Indenture, dated November 18, 2019, between Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the Registrant (3)
4.2 |  | Form of Note, dated November 18, 2019, between Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the Registrant (3)
4.3 |  | Indenture, dated March 1, 2021, between Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the Registrant (4)
4.4 |  | Form of Note, dated March 1, 2021, between Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, and the Registrant (4)
31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
32 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS |  | Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH |  | Inline Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | Inline Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | Inline Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | Inline Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | Inline Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

# Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
(1)Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 3, 2019.
(2)Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 19, 2016.
(3)Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 18, 2019.
(4)Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 1, 2021.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation
Dated: | November 2, 2021 |  | /s/ Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P.
|  |  | Helen I. Torley, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P. President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Dated: | November 2, 2021 |  | /s/ Elaine Sun
|  |  | Elaine Sun Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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