<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001683168-23-003213.txt : 20230511
<SEC-HEADER>0001683168-23-003213.hdr.sgml : 20230511
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230511170109
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001683168-23-003213
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		50
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230331
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230511
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230511

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001533040
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-36304
		FILM NUMBER:		23912014

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		257 SIMARANO DRIVE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 101
		CITY:			MARLBOROUGH
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			01752
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(508) 767-3861

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		257 SIMARANO DRIVE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 101
		CITY:			MARLBOROUGH
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			01752

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	RXi Pharmaceuticals Corp
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20111019
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><a href="#a_001">Table of Contents</a></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_901_edei--DocumentType_c20230101__20230331_ziSV4zF2vFjj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:DocumentType">10-Q</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_903_edei--DocumentQuarterlyReport_c20230101__20230331_zmG4XrhTDQo" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" name="dei:DocumentQuarterlyReport">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric>
</span><b>QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>For the quarterly period ended <span id="xdx_905_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20230101__20230331_zklKsPQJn8D6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">March 31, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>OR</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--DocumentTransitionReport_c20230101__20230331_zPr7xtPQmcOa" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:DocumentTransitionReport">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric>
</span><b>TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>For the transition period from <span style="text-decoration: underline">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;
</span>to <span style="text-decoration: underline">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></b>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Commission File Number: <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityFileNumber_c20230101__20230331_znmNuU4hMfl5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityFileNumber">001-36304</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_908_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20230101__20230331"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">Phio
Pharmaceuticals Corp.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Exact name of registrant as specified in its
charter)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)</b></span></td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20230101__20230331_zT92uPcdYnoj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">257
Simarano Drive</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine2_c20230101__20230331_zOYJ7I2NL723"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2">Suite 101</ix:nonNumeric></span>,
<span id="xdx_908_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20230101__20230331_zbe5hQoikLZg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Marlborough</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20230101__20230331_zdxvy0iDLn6b"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">MA</ix:nonNumeric>
</span><span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20230101__20230331_zRKUU4YleGGb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">01752</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Address of principal executive office) (Zip
code)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including
area code: (<span id="xdx_900_edei--CityAreaCode_c20230101__20230331" title="City Area Code"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:CityAreaCode">508</ix:nonNumeric></span>)&#160;<span id="xdx_90C_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20230101__20230331" title="Local Phone Number"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">767-3861</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
of the Act:</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border: black 1pt solid; width: 41%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Title of each class</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 24%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Trading Symbol(s)</b></span></td>
    <td style="border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 35%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of each exchange on which registered</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_edei--Security12bTitle_c20230101__20230331_zk6PbPsm7Uz4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Common Stock, par value, $0.0001 per share</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_edei--TradingSymbol_c20230101__20230331_ze2ixRYQ4tgf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:TradingSymbol">PHIO</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
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  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements
for the past 90 days. <span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityCurrentReportingStatus_c20230101__20230331"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9746;
</span>No <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405
of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). <span id="xdx_901_edei--EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_c20230101__20230331"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9746;</span> No <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.
See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller reporting company,&#8221;
and &#34;emerging growth company&#34; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 36%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Large accelerated filer</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 10%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 7%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 35%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Accelerated filer</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 10%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityFilerCategory_c20230101__20230331_zlALA2qPwVcl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt-sec:entityfilercategoryen" name="dei:EntityFilerCategory">Non-accelerated filer</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9746;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
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    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_edei--EntitySmallBusiness_c20230101__20230331_zDUWcpQTIvhd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" name="dei:EntitySmallBusiness">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check
mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is
a shell company (as defined in Rule&#160;12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9744;</span>
<span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityShellCompany_c20230101__20230331_z4etKwiYnMS4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityShellCompany">No</ix:nonNumeric></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9746;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of May 5, 2023, Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. had <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_c20230505_z3If6MCdcIGj" title="Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-05-05" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,504,565</ix:nonFraction></span> shares
of common stock, $0.0001 par value, outstanding.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PHIO PHARMACEUTICALS CORP. </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM 10-Q &#8212; QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2023</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span id="a_001"></span>INDEX</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Part No.</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Item No.</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Page<br />
No.</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">I</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><a href="#a_002"><span style="font-size: 10pt">FINANCIAL INFORMATION</span></a></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 5%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 82%"><a href="#a_003"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Financial Statements (Unaudited)</span></a></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 5%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><a href="#a_004"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022</span></a></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><a href="#a_005"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 </span></a></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">4</span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="#a_006"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Preferred Stock and Stockholders&#8217; Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022</span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">5</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><a href="#a_007"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022</span></a></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">6</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"><a href="#a_019">Exhibits</a></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">19</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_002"></span>PART I &#8212; FINANCIAL INFORMATION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 8%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>ITEM 1.</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 92%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="a_003"></span>FINANCIAL STATEMENTS </b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PHIO PHARMACEUTICALS CORP.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_004"></span>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Amounts in thousands, except share and per
share data) </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Unaudited)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_302_111_pn3n3_zyYw068hphkl" summary="xdx: Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20230331" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20221231" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AssetsAbstract_iB_zfbdxmACU5nd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">ASSETS</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrentAbstract_i01B_zzbTpkisZMdj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current assets:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--Cash_i02I_maCzrmx_zRKFpZitVxp4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RestrictedCash_i02I_maCzrmx_zGhqE1I6yRH2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">319</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_i02TI_mtCzrmx_maCzjxG_z1qV9isg79X8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Total current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,404</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_i01I_maCzjxG_z3oOidukxw84" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Right of use asset</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">161</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">167</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">183</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsNoncurrent_i01I_maCzjxG_zXFE2v5sRGdl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--Assets_i01TI_mtCzjxG_zqUrCbbQcBq2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_iB" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_i01B_zr5h0N6wxqDd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Current liabilities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_i02I_maCzxee_zzK4SGEXmPU7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_maCzxee_zoHq2O9BWRe6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_i02I_maCzxee_zcdXtOxMh2e6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Lease liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingencies_i02I_zaZfoKwFfYK6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityAbstract_i01B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Stockholders&#8217; equity:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i02I_d0_maCzNJp_zY8FbEeRHU87" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapital_i02I_maCzNJp_zLYHlZ4V2esk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Additional paid-in capital</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_i02I_maCzNJp_za6n4AieJhRe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Accumulated deficit</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_i01TI_pn3n3_mtLASEzkZT_zbF2ujEGsfoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholders&#8217; equity</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PHIO PHARMACEUTICALS CORP.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_005"></span>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Amounts in thousands, except share and per
share data)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Unaudited)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_308_113_pn3n3_zkKH1inOVDz8" summary="xdx: Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230101_20230331" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20220101__20220331_zCxz2Nx6yOf9" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingExpensesAbstract_iB_z8suG4ZJWToc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating expenses:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_i01_maCzjfG_zpyS8Dk2OSCd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 66%; text-align: left; text-indent: 10pt">Research and development</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_i01_maCzjfG_zZNzQ8gJbHpk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PHIO PHARMACEUTICALS CORP. </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_006"></span>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Amounts in thousands, except share data) </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Unaudited)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_302_114_pn3n3_zhcVtdWzcLs2" summary="xdx: Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS&apos; EQUITY (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0243">&#8211;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5 -->
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PHIO PHARMACEUTICALS CORP. </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_007"></span>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Amounts in thousands)<br />
(Unaudited)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_304_112_pn3n3_zaA8vnm5woHi" summary="xdx: Statement - CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20220101__20220331_zjSweuL21B98" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zsGMBqHVIge" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_iB_z85fpeCCcJJ5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Cash flows from financing activities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_40A_ecustom--CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit_i01N_pn3n3_di0_msNCPBUzNtU_z7ptqoiiF63h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock_i01N_pn3n3_di0_msNCPBUzNtU_z135KCxcASie" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUzNtU_z9TI1hivEaqf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Payment of taxes on net share settlements of restricted stock units</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_i01T_pn3n3_mtNCPBUzNtU_maCCERCzO8v_z7s2CHH4SQSb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 20pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net cash used in financing activities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">38</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">25</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_i01T_pn3n3_mtCCERCzO8v_z3sv42wd6dC2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net decrease in cash and restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,746</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,598</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iS_z9efySlT3Wga" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Cash and restricted cash at the beginning of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,831</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2021-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,107</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iE_zrdRhMtEvMg9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Cash and restricted cash at the end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,085</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,509</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and restricted
cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the totals above:&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_300_pn3n3_z3eJPdljC6Li" summary="xdx: Statement - Reconciliation of Cash" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_496_20230331_zBgyUDxz2svj" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_494_20220331_zH0zAqIZLSW1" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March&#160;31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Cash_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCz5qd_zeKpor5ZxLC6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 66%">Cash</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Cash" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,035</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Cash" contextRef="AsOf2022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,459</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these condensed consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>PHIO PHARMACEUTICALS CORP.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_008"></span>NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Unaudited)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zw4YMXfH5jI2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>1. <span id="xdx_820_zCLr9zjnxA48">Organization and Significant Accounting Policies</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:NatureOfOperations"><p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--NatureOfOperations_zHSA9OtI9uGe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i><span id="xdx_863_zAZ1ZVV5Gaqb">Nature of Operations</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. (&#8220;<b>Phio</b>&#8221;
or the &#8220;<b>Company</b>&#8221;) is a clinical stage biotechnology company whose proprietary INTASYL&#8482; self-delivering RNAi technology
platform is designed to make immune cells more effective in killing tumor cells. Phio is developing therapeutics that are designed to
leverage INTASYL to precisely target specific proteins that reduce the body&#8217;s ability to fight cancer, without the need for specialized
formulations or drug delivery systems.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Effective January 26, 2023, the Company completed
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in par value to additional paid-in capital. The reverse stock split did not reduce the number of authorized shares of the Company&#8217;s
common or preferred stock. All share and per share amounts have been adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The condensed consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Phio and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MirImmune, LLC. All material intercompany accounts
have been eliminated in consolidation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The accompanying financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&#8220;<b>GAAP</b>&#8221;). Certain information and
footnote disclosures that are included in the Company&#8217;s annual financial statements, but that are not required for interim reporting
purposes, have been condensed or omitted. Additionally, the Company made adjustments to the outstanding stock option and unvested restricted
stock unit balances, and related per share amounts, at December 31, 2022 to reflect final revisions to these outstanding equity awards
as a result of the Company&#8217;s reverse stock split. The adjustment had no effect on the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated financial
statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included
in the Company&#8217;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &#8220;<b>SEC</b>&#8221;) on March 22, 2023 (the &#8220;<b>2022 Form 10-K</b>&#8221;). In the opinion of management, all
adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial
statements have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:UseOfEstimates"><p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeDsCt1hJp6b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i><span id="xdx_867_zvR56aNN4rW7">Use of Estimates</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas subject to significant estimates and judgement include, among others, those
related to the fair value of equity awards, accruals for research and development expenses, useful lives of property and equipment, income
taxes, and the valuation allowance on the Company&#8217;s deferred tax assets. On an ongoing basis the Company evaluates its estimates
and bases its estimates on historical experience and other relevant assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="phio:LiquidityPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--LiquidityPolicyTextBlock_ziV1pgEtUcLa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zVFb0o2OjLr8">Liquidity</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has reported recurring
losses from operations since inception and expects to continue to have negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future.
Historically, the Company&#8217;s primary source of funding has been from sales of its securities. The Company&#8217;s ability to continue
to fund its operations is dependent on obtaining funding from third parties, such as proceeds from the issuance of debt, sale of equity,
or strategic opportunities, in order to maintain its operations. This is dependent on a number of factors, including the market demand
or liquidity of the Company&#8217;s common stock. There is no guarantee that debt, additional equity or other funding will be available
to the Company on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company fails to obtain additional funding when needed, the Company would be forced
to scale back or terminate its operations or seek to merge with or to be acquired by another company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_23C_zgh8Bn6haN7a" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has limited cash
resources, has reported recurring losses from operations since inception and has not yet received product revenues. These factors raise
substantial doubt regarding the Company&#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern, and the Company&#8217;s current cash resources
may not provide sufficient capital to fund operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of the release of these financial
statements. The continuation of the Company as a going concern depends upon the Company&#8217;s ability to raise additional capital through
an equity offering, debt offering and/or strategic opportunity to fund its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will
be successful in accomplishing these plans in order to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments
to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no material
changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in the Company&#8217;s 2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_z2bjY24SNm2b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zDVzxiZtC7w1">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no recent
accounting pronouncements that have significantly impacted this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, beyond those disclosed in the Company&#8217;s
2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_zTC4xk104kUe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>2.&#160;<span id="xdx_82F_znTMWiKCqRe1">Collaboration Agreement</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>AgonOx, Inc. (&#8220;<b>AgonOx</b>&#8221;)</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In March 2021, the
Company entered into a clinical co-development collaboration agreement (the &#8220;<b>Clinical Co-Development Agreement</b>&#8221;)
with AgonOx, a private company developing a pipeline of novel immunotherapy drugs targeting key regulators of the immune response to
cancer. Under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, Phio and AgonOx are working to develop a T cell-based therapy using the
Company&#8217;s lead product candidate, PH-762, and AgonOx&#8217;s &#8220;double positive&#8221; tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
(&#8220;<b>DP TIL</b>&#8221;) technology. Per the terms of the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, the Company committed to provide
financial support for development costs of up to $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--TotalContractualObligation_iI_pp0p0_c20230331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_z8xp63SJj7l9" title="Total contractual obligation"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:TotalContractualObligation" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_custom_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">4,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
to AgonOx for expenses incurred to conduct a Phase 1 clinical trial of PH-762 treated DP TIL in subjects with advanced melanoma and
other advanced solid tumors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company will recognize its share of costs arising
from research and development activities performed by AgonOx in the Company&#8217;s financial statements in the period AgonOx incurs such
expense. Phio will be entitled to certain future development milestones and low single-digit sales-based royalty payments from AgonOx&#8217;s
licensing of its DP TIL technology.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company recognized
approximately $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ExpenseFromContractualObligations_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_z4TFt3EQZU94" title="Research and development expense"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:ExpenseFromContractualObligations" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_custom_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">119,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
of expense in connection with these efforts during the three months ended March 31, 2023. <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ExpenseFromContractualObligations_pn3n3_do_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_zNcNcdpNv59h" title="Research and development expense"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:ExpenseFromContractualObligations" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_custom_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">No</ix:nonFraction></span>
expense under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2022.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_z8wykeiOiov4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>3.&#160;<span id="xdx_826_z3ThuwVszTL">Fair Value of Financial Instruments</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company follows the provisions of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board (the &#8220;<b>FASB</b>&#8221;) Accounting Standards Codification (&#8220;<b>ASC</b>&#8221;) Topic 820, &#8220;<i>Fair
Value Measurement</i>,&#8221; for the Company&#8217;s financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value
each reporting period and are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually using a fair value hierarchy that is broken down
into three levels. Level inputs are defined as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Level 1 &#8211; quoted prices in active markets
for identical assets or liabilities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Level 2 &#8211; other significant observable inputs for the
assets or liabilities through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Level 3 &#8211; significant unobservable inputs that reflect
management&#8217;s best estimate of what market participants would use to price the assets or liabilities at the measurement date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company
categorized its restricted cash of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pp0p0_c20230331__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_znH8brnaqVj7" title="Cash and cash equivalents"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pp0p0_c20221231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zYLgqBXIOFsd" title="Cash and cash equivalents"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">50,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>&#160;as Level 2 hierarchy. The assets classified as Level 2 have initially been valued at the
applicable transaction price and subsequently valued, at the end of each reporting period, using other market observable data. Observable
market data points include quoted prices, interest rates, reportable trades and other industry and economic events.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The carrying amounts of cash,
accounts payable and accrued expenses of the Company approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_237_zt8CNrykLtKj" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

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</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zWYiphMNZiGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>4. <span id="xdx_828_zoHzedZOYbq5">Leases</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2019, the Company
amended the lease for its corporate headquarters and primary research facility in Marlborough, Massachusetts. The lease is for a total
of <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--AreaOfRealEstateProperty_iI_usqft_c20230331__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember_z3XzkHrcJ5ud" title="Operating lease footage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AreaOfRealEstateProperty" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="sqft">7,581</ix:nonFraction></span> square feet of office and laboratory space and will expire on <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LeaseExpirationDate1_dd_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember_zeiSQ3IDv18c" title="Lease Expiration Date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="us-gaap:LeaseExpirationDate1">March 31, 2024</ix:nonNumeric></span>. The lease contains an option to terminate after
two or three years by providing advance written notice of termination pursuant to the terms of the agreement. The exercise of this option
was not determined to be reasonably certain and thus was not included in the lease liability on the Company&#8217;s balance sheet. The
Company did not exercise its option to terminate in either the second or third year of the lease, and the option to terminate has expired.
Additionally, the lease agreement did not contain information to determine the borrowing rate implicit in the lease. As such, the Company
calculated its incremental borrowing rate based on what the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over the lease
term for an amount equal to the remaining lease payments, taking into consideration such assumptions as, but not limited to, the U.S.
treasury yield rate and borrowing rates from a creditworthy financial institution using the above lease factors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The lease for the Company&#8217;s corporate headquarters represents
all of our significant lease obligations. The amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance
sheets for the operating lease in which the Company is the lessee and other supplemental balance sheet information is set forth as follows,
in thousands, except the lease term (number of years) and discount rate:&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B7_zDYO1Xj2gUpa" style="display: none">Schedule of lease and supplemental balance sheet information</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 66%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Right of use asset</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Lease liability, current</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Lease liability, non-current</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331_zmmkzd0S5Fc1" title="Lease liability, non-current" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" title="Lease liability, non-current" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total lease liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20230331_pn3n3" title="Total lease liability" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">138</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20221231_pn3n3" title="Total lease liability" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">170</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Lease Term and Discount Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Weighted average remaining lease term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20230331_zW31w8zntzRd" title="Weighted average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">1.00</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20221231_zkNnx4KxnOja" title="Weighted average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">1.25</ix:nonNumeric></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td>Weighted average discount rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20230331_zmFULc3X0YR6" title="Weighted average discount rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">4.70</ix:nonFraction></span>%</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20221231_zcuNJzaqUD62" title="Weighted average discount rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">4.70</ix:nonFraction></span>%</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_z8DkIm6iio3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Operating lease costs included
in operating expense were $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pp0p0_c20230101__20230331_zmsvNKuWxYg" title="Operating lease cost"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331_zzqHQBju21cd" title="Operating lease cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">33,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Cash paid for the amounts
included in the measurement of the operating lease liability on the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated balance sheets and included
within changes in the lease liability in the operating activities of the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows
was $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_c20230101__20230331_zdBqIe0w166"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">34,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_c20220101__20220331_zecJG1jdoPje"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">33,000</ix:nonFraction></span> for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Future lease payments
for the Company&#8217;s non-cancellable operating lease and a reconciliation to the carrying amount of the operating lease liability
presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 is as follows, in thousands:&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zEhVRMUlQ9W" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases (Details - Future lease payments)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B8_zobsBzVjKcuk" style="display: none">Schedule of future minimum lease payments</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230331_zq212zoCYdp7" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zZlIhGaSJam7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 83%">2023 (remaining)</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">106</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zINmv7jJ2m8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzEqC_zYZ2J1PEzZ0e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">141</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zrH4Gzz7EEVb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Less: Imputed interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total operating lease liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">138</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zpdT3VtfVLI8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock_zDarcaQlRlyc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>5.&#160;<span id="xdx_82F_zss06Fwnb9Ac">Preferred Stock</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has authorized up to<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20230331_z3Swc1mFELo1" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized">
<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">10,000,000</ix:nonFraction></span>&#160;shares of preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20230331_pdd" title="Preferred stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.0001</ix:nonFraction></span>
par value per share, for issuance. The Company&#8217;s Board of Directors (the &#8220;<b>Board</b>&#8217;) is authorized under the
Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (as may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the
&#8220;<b>Amended Certificate</b>&#8221;), to designate the authorized preferred stock into one or more series and to fix and
determine such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of any series of preferred stock, including voting rights, dividend
rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, as shall be determined by the Board upon its
issuance.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_23C_zZMvfWUTuSbg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

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<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_23B_zLBO3oDsqD5c" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">On November 16, 2022,
the Company issued and sold&#160;<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_dxL_c20221115__20221116__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__srt--CounterpartyNameAxis__custom--RobertBittermanMember_zi51mOVYpXq3">one</span>
share of the Company&#8217;s Series D Preferred Stock, par value $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20221116__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pdd"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2022-11-16_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.0001</ix:nonFraction></span>&#160;per
share (the &#8220;<b>Series D Preferred Stock</b>&#8221;) to Robert Bitterman, then its interim Executive Chairman and current Chief
Executive Officer, for $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_c20221101__20221116__srt--CounterpartyNameAxis__custom--RobertBittermanMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pp0p0"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2022-11-012022-11-16_custom_RobertBittermanMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,750</ix:nonFraction></span>.
The Series D Preferred Stock was entitled to&#160;17,500,000 votes per share exclusively with respect to any proposal to amend the
Company&#8217;s Amended Certificate to effect a reverse stock split of the Company&#8217;s common stock (&#8220;<b>Reverse Stock
Split</b>&#8221;). The terms of the Series D Preferred Stock provided that it would be voted, without action by the holder, on any
such proposal in the same proportion as shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock were voted. The Series D Preferred Stock
otherwise had no voting rights except as required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series D Preferred Stock was not convertible
into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or series of stock or other securities of the Company. The Series D Preferred Stock
had no rights with respect to any distribution of assets of the Company, including upon a liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, merger,
acquisition, sale, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether voluntarily or involuntarily. The holder of the Series D Preferred
Stock was not entitled to receive dividends of any kind.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under its terms, the outstanding share of Series
D Preferred Stock was to be redeemed in whole, but not in part, at any time: (i) if such redemption was approved by the Board
in its sole discretion or (ii) automatically and effective upon the approval by the Company's stockholders of a Reverse Stock Split. Upon
such redemption, the holder of the Series D Preferred Stock was entitled to receive consideration of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pp0p0" title="Temporary Equity, Aggregate Amount of Redemption Requirement"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">1,750</ix:nonFraction></span>&#160;in cash.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series D Preferred Stock was redeemed in whole
on January 4, 2023, upon the approval by the Company&#8217;s stockholders of a Reverse Stock Split, such that, at March 31, 2023, there
were <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zYVD61JDs6G9" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Authorized"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesIssued_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zyM32spAxIC9" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Issued"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zBwCXTldAZl8" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span></span> shares of Series D Preferred Stock authorized, issued or outstanding and all of the Company&#8217;s authorized shares of preferred
stock were undesignated.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_z9YWQpf7M992" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>6. <span id="xdx_820_zIyB4pIy0BEd">Stockholders&#8217; Equity</span>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><i>Warrants</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the Company&#8217;s
outstanding warrants, all of which are classified as equity instruments, at March 31, 2023:&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock"><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="xdx_881_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_zgeWOyGImu7i" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stockholders&apos; Equity (Details - Warrants outstanding)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B4_znNPqxtX81yd" style="display: none">Schedule of outstanding warrants</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Exercise</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Expiration</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Balance December 31,</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Warrants</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Warrants</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Warrants</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Balance</b></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>March 31,</b></p></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Price</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Date</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>2022</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Issued</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Exercised</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Expired</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 41%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2018 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">2,079.00</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zxpalbqr6yt2" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">5/31/2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zISHSTBaD0g2" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,720</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zuV8xzTSDMIl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zZD6sbl813Xg" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zJCD61cdE6g1" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_z1ZN74sArQJl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,720</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2018 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">2,676.00</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zw262H4mibY8" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">4/9/2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zbL040bdqL0b" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">117</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zOy9wgvTriYe" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zRPXNczttXh1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zukJjgjAEMui" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zEyOaINpwLF6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">117</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">October 2018 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">125.40</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zQffJ1PJSBy5" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">10/3/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">32,486</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zqqIKivXwQWa" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_z09g9FDHUOQ9" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zytE0PlZdhgk" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">32,486</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">October 2018 Underwriter Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">156.72</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zyAYn62w7V26" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">10/1/2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">2,438</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zc7w9BXleu9e" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_z3gNy39HVIr1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zCcQXeJFaBE4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">2,438</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">November 2019 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">82.50</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSqwObNiIAa7" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">11/18/2024</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,138</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zzAms03xzvQ6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z7BISX8tod8e" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMM6Jp645y02" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,138</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Registered Direct Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">104.52</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zrBGnCemgiDa" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">8/6/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">16,425</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_z4Aacid5vT99" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zRvA3gBj6ZZe" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zA0cZmVThVMd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">16,425</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">132.45</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zrfXL33oJqyc" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">2/4/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,233</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zy8ltTcF58Dd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlUjg2tr66h8" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zXCglguSoqI3" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,233</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">48.00</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zqxRi0n5sC16" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">2/13/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">110,557</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zgBSE7tubUEa" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zJqEgbfuMNKh" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zxS5DSvykbjc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">110,557</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Underwriter Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">60.00</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zcYVZSi3CjPh" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">2/11/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">12,501</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zMEmBvNVAMA5" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zbZPKZZkTIXf" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zrOf0dYJrE2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">12,501</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2020 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">26.52</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_z1aeXYXBRsW5" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">10/2/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">35,691</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zWX4ursW5POc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zLWH4kCT2yUg" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zc7R9E8u6NO6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">35,691</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">35.03</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zKPLIOHc3Noc" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">3/31/2025</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3,481</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zz2AoostoV56" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlnDvx8MVxDb" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zqTt6RnmaUkc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3,481</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">January 2021 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">36.00</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zLadvihhBEj8" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">7/27/2026</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">285,061</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zyDYWFturh72" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_z3xSqRB3iRF" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zHOJ8yFw0jid" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">285,061</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">January 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">46.05</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMceRZUDJyLe" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">7/27/2026</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">28,509</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zd1Y8x7UC3i2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zcc48dBsXtxd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">28,509</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">51.30</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z8S1allY6Bh2" title="Warrant expiration date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyear" name="us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">2/12/2026</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zIjcsK4HzJEc" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">14,044</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">545,401</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zlKnH03c7oa5" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zlwrPrzSlTz7" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExercisedShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zLNbd6Zh8HH9" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsExpiredShares" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction>&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">545,401</ix:nonFraction>&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"></span></td></tr>
  </table></ix:nonNumeric>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_237_zGxvx8Sphrza" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_230_z6QXqEhgf2Fe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p></ix:exclude>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10 -->
    <div id="xdx_236_zJtq4Uk2h8j3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 33%">&#160;</td><td style="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td><td style="width: 33%; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div id="xdx_23D_zFNqhxFcRsgj" style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_235_zVAbkVRe1wna" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_zJ0AKl1fHgQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>7. <span id="xdx_826_zjCvrjV34Sl4">Stock-based Compensation</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Restricted Stock Units</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Restricted stock units
(&#8220;<b>RSUs</b>&#8221;) are issued under the Company&#8217;s 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the &#8220;<b>2020 Plan</b>&#8221;)
or as inducement grants issued outside of the 2020 Plan to new employees. RSUs are generally subject to graded vesting and the
satisfaction of certain service requirements. Upon vesting, each outstanding RSU will be settled for one share of the
Company&#8217;s common stock. Employee RSU recipients may elect to net share settle upon vesting, in which case the Company pays the
employee&#8217;s income taxes due upon vesting and withholds a number of shares of equal value. The fair value of the RSUs awarded
are based upon the Company&#8217;s closing stock price at the grant date and are expensed over the requisite service period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the activity of
the Company&#8217;s RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2023:&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockUnitsAwardActivityTableTextBlock"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockUnitsAwardActivityTableTextBlock_zsZVl802Y9ck" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - RSU activity)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B4_zibvdugq1Ix2" style="display: none">Schedule of RSU activity</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number<br /> of Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-<br /> Average<br /> Grant Date Fair Value<br /> Per&#160;Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 66%">Unvested units at December&#160;31, 2022</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zjRrVXnOJSKk" title="RSU&apos;s unvested units, beginning balance" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">47,335</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z0UXePdmICXf" title="RSU&apos;s beginning balance, price per share" style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">15.03</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" title="RSU&apos;s granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">43,500</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" title="RSU&apos;s granted, price per share" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.24</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_di_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z35Jcxu7PVhd" title="RSU&apos;s vested" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">18,080</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" title="RSU&apos;s vested, price per share" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">16.96</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Forfeited</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zPEm5KEJOpAa" title="RSU&apos;s forfeited" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z5n28yySuWjl" title="RSU&apos;s forfeited, price per share" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Unvested units at March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zypD9ZekUMwk" title="RSU&apos;s unvested units, ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">72,755</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zcc1Yza7BUdb" title="RSU&apos;s ending balance, price per share" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">8.70</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zefRhSS02Pcl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The weighted-average fair
value of RSUs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zvdRqlrDhXI7" title="RSU&apos;s granted, price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.24</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zaEcbCADvZUi" title="RSU&apos;s granted, price per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">10.32</ix:nonFraction></span>, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Stock-based compensation expense
related to RSUs was $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pp0p0" title="Share-based compensation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">111,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z5rTkm4IN85b" title="Share-based compensation expense"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">179,000</ix:nonFraction></span> for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The aggregate fair value of awards that vested
during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pp0p0" title="Aggregate fair value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">95,000</ix:nonFraction></span> and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zE04sHa9OwJg" title="Aggregate fair value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">128,000</ix:nonFraction></span>, respectively, which represents the market value of the
Company&#8217;s common stock on the date that the RSUs vested.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Stock Options</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Stock options are available
to be issued under the 2020 Plan and are generally subject to graded vesting and the satisfaction of certain service requirements. Upon
the exercise of a stock option, the Company issues new shares and delivers them to the recipient. The Company does not expect to net share
settle to satisfy stock option exercises.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company used the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model to determine the fair value of all its option grants. The risk-free interest rate used for each grant was based upon
the yield on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities with a term similar to the expected life of the related option. The Company&#8217;s
expected stock price volatility assumption was based upon the Company&#8217;s own implied volatility. The expected life assumption used
for option grants was based upon the simplified method provided for under ASC 718. The dividend yield assumption was based upon the fact
that the Company has never paid cash dividends and presently has no intention of paying cash dividends.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the activity of
the Company&#8217;s stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2023:&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zFcWV9LkfyMi" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Option activity)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8BE_zGDRmV8OIyF" style="display: none">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number<br /> of Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-<br /> Average<br /> Exercise<br /> Price<br /> Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Aggregate<br /> Intrinsic<br /> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance at December 31, 2022</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNAglvAEQ4kl" title="Options outstanding, beginning balance" style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">177</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z3RSttD8sYv2" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance" style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">35,231.40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zPqW31hdfLE" title="Options granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEry0cQWWIz1" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, granted" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td>Exercised</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zsVwqSBBP2b7" title="Options exercised" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_ziIXeLkXGBK8" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercised" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td title="Options forfeited" id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoeJEUOnB697" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, forfeited" id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNbYRuhbYrOb" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Expired</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z30tYSQsW9z6" title="Options expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoVwmFeXxjea" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, expired" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zWRI2JT4GCfd" title="Options outstanding, ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">177</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zuFGY5BzItua" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">35,231.40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zCaBUDnXU1Yl" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, ending balance" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exercisable at March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z4mqelzRIID" title="Option exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">177</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zB318CYIpF28" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">35,231.40</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEiK1T9wwBBi" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:zerodash" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">&#8211;</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>



</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zU5ZEqBm5Nof" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Stock-based compensation
expense related to stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zosMS5U4wK3e"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" scale="0" unitRef="USD">7,000</ix:nonFraction></span>.
As of December 31, 2022, the compensation expense for all unvested stock options had been recognized in the Company&#8217;s results of
operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt"></p>

<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_230_zvKqoFQiyuw8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

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<ix:exclude><p id="xdx_233_zczec2Yq6RF7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt">&#160;</p></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Compensation Expense Related to Equity Awards</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth
total stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, in thousands:&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock_pn3n3_z5zRoGDGneU4" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Share-based compensation)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B1_zeLsjzvCpyC" style="display: none">Schedule of stock based compensation expense</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March&#160;31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Research and development</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Total stock-based compensation" style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">63</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Total stock-based compensation" style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">56</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">General and administrative</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Total stock-based compensation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">48</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" title="Total stock-based compensation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">130</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total stock-based compensation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331_pn3n3" title="Total stock-based compensation" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">111</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20220101__20220331_zPl2kmAFK0Sk" title="Total stock-based compensation" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">186</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zjRyAzEwGeS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zoQ5lTIwZMP5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>8. <span id="xdx_824_zzGqVbXR5xE6">Net Loss per Common Share</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth
the potential common shares excluded from the calculation of net loss per common share because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_884_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_z3iTKUrtlOk" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Net Loss per Share (Details - Antidilutive shares)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8BE_z5YfnilTyH91" style="display: none">Schedule of anti-dilutive stock</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March&#160;31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Options to purchase common stock</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember76572625" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">177</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="width: 13%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember76572625" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">208</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unvested restricted stock units</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember76572625" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">72,755</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember76572625" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">73,899</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Warrants to purchase common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember76572625" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">545,401</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">545,401</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331_pdd" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">618,333</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331_zfG7tK5LRACl" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">619,508</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table></ix:nonNumeric>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31" escape="true" name="us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--SubsequentEventsTextBlock_zR8hK4ZwkAs" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>9. <span id="xdx_820_zenxOK39FjZe">Subsequent Events</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">On April 20, 2023, the
Company completed a registered direct offering of <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_zqppdcphMjp1"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">353,983</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock at a purchase price per share of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_z74CuLXX4Iv7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SharesIssuedPricePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.65</ix:nonFraction></span>.
In a concurrent private placement, the Company also issued five and one-half years Series A warrants to purchase up to <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_zkK2Zk2uPjYe" title="Warrants issued new, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedNewShares" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023PrivatePlacementMember_custom_April2023LongTermWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">353,983</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_zm00Gt7xcRAh" title="Warrants issued new, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023PrivatePlacementMember_custom_April2023LongTermWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.40</ix:nonFraction></span>
per share and eighteen months Series B warrants to purchase up to <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_zRrXBvt9m3Zf" title="Warrants issued new, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedNewShares" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023PrivatePlacementMember_custom_April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">353,983</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_zs3oDrJqF3S4" title="Warrants issued new, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023PrivatePlacementMember_custom_April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.40</ix:nonFraction></span>
per share (collectively, the &#8220;<b>April 2023 Financing</b>&#8221;). In addition, the Company issued warrants to the placement
agent, H.C. Wainwright &amp; Co., LLC, for the April 2023 Financing to purchase a total of <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSLLdEef7BOi" title="Warrants issued new, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:WarrantsIssuedNewShares" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_custom_April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">26,549</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zizL8q0bBwy6" title="Warrants issued new, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" contextRef="AsOf2023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_custom_April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">7.0625</ix:nonFraction></span>
per share. Net proceeds to the Company from the April 2023 Financing are estimated to be approximately $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_zT1ZCkCC2282"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_custom_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">1,654,000</ix:nonFraction></span>
after deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In connection with the April
2023 Financing, the Company entered into warrant amendment agreements (the &#8220;<b>Warrant Amendment Agreements</b>&#8221;) with the
participating investors to amend the exercise price of certain existing warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--AmendedWarrants_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zpPcYO43GCWe" title="Amended warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:AmendedWarrants" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">191,619</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common
stock that were previously issued in April 2018 through January 2021, such that each of the amended warrants have an exercise price of
$<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zzRKUrVrwQme" title="Amended warrants exercise price"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">5.40</ix:nonFraction></span> per share. The Company received $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zOHDPd1TgXpd" title="Proceeds from amended warrants"><ix:nonFraction name="phio:ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants" contextRef="From2023-04-012023-04-20_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">24,000</ix:nonFraction></span> as consideration in connection with the Warrant Amendment Agreements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company is currently reviewing
the accounting for the warrants issued in the April 2023 Financing and for the warrants amended under the Warrant Amendment Agreements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_818_zo4kIsZwmVik" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 7%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>ITEM 2.</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 93%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="a_009"></span>MANAGEMENT&#8217;S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS </b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>In this report, &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;our,&#8221;
&#8220;ours,&#8221; &#8220;us,&#8221; &#8220;Phio&#8221; and the &#8220;Company&#8221; refers to Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. and our subsidiary,
MirImmune, LLC and the ongoing business operations of Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. and MirImmune, LLC, whether conducted through Phio Pharmaceuticals
Corp. or MirImmune, LLC. </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>This management&#8217;s discussion and analysis
of financial condition as of March 31, 2023 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 should be read
in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022,
which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;<b>SEC</b>&#8221;) on March 22, 2023 (the &#8220;2022 Form 10-K&#8221;).</i></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>This report contains forward-looking statements
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such
as &#8220;intends,&#8221; &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;anticipates,&#8221; &#8220;indicates,&#8221; &#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;expects,&#8221;
&#8220;suggests,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;would,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;designed to,&#8221;
&#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;ongoing,&#8221; &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;forecast,&#8221; &#8220;target,&#8221; &#8220;predict,&#8221;
&#8220;could&#8221; and similar references, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Forward-looking statements
are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. These statements are based only on our current beliefs, expectations
and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy
and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks
and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Risks that could cause actual
results to vary from expected results expressed in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the impact to our business
and operations by inflationary pressures, rising interest rates, recession fears, the development of our product candidates, our ability
to execute on business strategies, our ability to develop our product candidates with collaboration partners, and the success of any such
collaborations, the timeline and duration for advancing our product candidates into clinical development, results from our preclinical
and clinical activities, the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals, the success of our efforts to commercialize our
product candidates if approved, our ability to manufacture and supply our product candidates for clinical activities, and for commercial
use if approved, the scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our technology
platform, and our ability to obtain future financing. Our actual results and financial condition may differ materially from those indicated
in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of important factors, including those identified in our 2022 Form 10-K under
the heading &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; and in other filings the Company periodically makes with the SEC. Therefore, you should not rely
on any of these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak as of the
date hereof and the Company does not undertake to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect a change in its views or events
or circumstances that occur after the date of this report except as required by law.</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>&#160;</i></p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Overview </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Phio is a clinical stage biotechnology
company whose proprietary INTASYL&#8482; self-delivering RNAi technology platform is designed to make immune cells more effective in killing
tumor cells. We are developing therapeutics that are designed to leverage INTASYL to precisely target specific proteins that reduce the
body&#8217;s ability to fight cancer, without the need for specialized formulations or drug delivery systems. Our efforts are focused
on developing immuno-oncology therapeutics using our INTASYL platform. We have demonstrated preclinical efficacy in both direct-to-tumor
injection and adoptive cell therapy (&#8220;<b>ACT</b>&#8221;) applications with our INTASYL compounds.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><b>PH-762</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">PH-762 is an INTASYL compound
designed to reduce the expression of cell death protein 1 (&#8220;<b>PD-1</b>&#8221;). PD-1 is a protein that inhibits T cells&#8217;
ability to kill cancer cells and is a clinically validated target in immunotherapy. Decreasing the expression of PD-1 can thereby increase
the capacity of T cells, which protect the body from cancer cells and infections, to kill cancer cells.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Preclinical studies conducted
by the Company have demonstrated that direct-to-tumor application of PH-762 resulted in potent anti-tumoral effects and have shown that
direct-to-tumor treatment with PH-762 inhibits tumor growth in a dose dependent fashion in PD-1 responsive and refractory models. Importantly,
direct-to-tumor administration of PH-762 resulted in activity against distant untreated tumors, indicative of a systemic anti-tumor response.
We believe these data further support the potential for PH-762 to provide a strong local immune response without the dose immune-related
adverse effects seen with systemic antibody therapy.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">PH-762 is currently being
evaluated in a Phase 1b dose escalation clinical trial in France in subjects with advanced melanoma. PH-762 will be administered as a
neoadjuvant monotherapy intratumorally once a week, for a total of four injections, across five escalating dose levels. Dosing will be
followed by tumoral excision after an additional two weeks. The primary study objectives are to evaluate the safety and tolerability,
and pharmacokinetics of PH-762; to determine the potential immunologic and pathologic tumor responses; and to determine the recommended
dose for later clinical trials. Safety data from the initial cohort of three subjects in the clinical trial was evaluated by a data monitoring
committee in the first quarter of 2023. The safety data review disclosed no dose-limiting toxicity, and no drug-related severe or serious
adverse events, and the data monitoring committee recommended proceeding to the enrollment of the subsequent dose cohort. The next cohort
is open for enrollment of subjects.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We also expect to commence
a U.S. Phase 1b clinical trial with PH-762 in the second half of 2023. The U.S. trial is expected to focus on the application of PH-762
to treat cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (&#8220;<b>cSCC</b>&#8221;) and other selected cutaneous malignancies.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Due to INTASYL&#8217;s ease
of administration, we have shown that our compounds can easily be incorporated into current ACT manufacturing processes. In ACT, T cells
are usually taken from a patient's own blood or tumor tissue, grown in large numbers in a laboratory, and then given back to the patient
to help the immune system fight cancer. By treating T cells with our INTASYL compounds while they are being grown in the laboratory, we
believe our INTASYL compounds can improve these immune cells to make them more effective in killing cancer. Preclinical data generated
in collaboration with AgonOx, Inc. (&#8220;<b>AgonOx</b>&#8221;), a private company developing a pipeline of novel immunotherapy drugs
targeting key regulators of the immune response to cancer, demonstrated that treating AgonOx&#8217;s &#8220;double positive&#8221; tumor
infiltrating lymphocytes (&#8220;<b>DP TIL</b>&#8221;) with PH-762 increased by two-fold their tumor killing activity.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In March 2021, we entered
into a clinical co-development collaboration agreement (the &#8220;<b>Clinical Co-Development Agreement</b>&#8221;) with AgonOx to develop
a T cell-based therapy using PH-762 and AgonOx&#8217;s DP TIL. Under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, we committed to provide financial
support for development costs of up to $4 million to AgonOx for expenses incurred to conduct a Phase 1 clinical trial of PH-762 treated
DP TIL in subjects with advanced melanoma and other advanced solid tumors. Phio is also eligible to receive certain future development
milestones and low single-digit sales-based royalty payments from AgonOx&#8217;s licensing of its DP TIL technology. To date, the Company
has recognized approximately $0.3 million of expense under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">PH-762 treated DP TILs are
expected to be evaluated in a Phase 1 clinical trial in the United States with up to 18 subjects with advanced melanoma and other advanced
solid tumors. The primary study objectives are to evaluate the safety and to study the potential for enhanced therapeutic benefit from
the administration of PH-762 treated DP TIL. Enrollment of subjects is expected to commence in the second quarter of 2023.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><b>PH-894</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">PH-894 is an INTASYL compound that is designed
to silence BRD4, a protein that controls gene expression in both T cells and tumor cells, thereby effecting the immune system as well
as the tumor. Intracellular and/or commonly considered &#8220;undruggable&#8221; targets, such as BRD4, represent a challenge for small
molecule and antibody therapies. Therefore, what sets this compound apart is its dual mechanism: PH-894 suppression of BRD4 in T cells
results in T cell activation, and suppression of BRD4 in tumor cells results in tumors becoming more sensitive to being killed by T cells.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Preclinical studies conducted
have demonstrated that PH-894 resulted in a strong, concentration dependent and durable silencing of BRD4 in T cells and in various cancer
cells. Similar to PH-762, preclinical studies have also shown that direct-to-tumor application of PH-894 resulted in potent and statistically
significant anti-tumoral effects and demonstrated a systemic anti-tumor response. These preclinical data indicate that PH-894 can reprogram
T cells and other cells in the tumor microenvironment to provide enhanced immunotherapeutic activity. We have completed the investigational
new drug (&#8220;<b>IND</b>&#8221;)-enabling studies and are in the process of finalizing the study reports required for an IND submission
with PH-894. As a result of the reprioritization to advance our clinical trial with PH-762 in the U.S., we have elected to defer the IND
submission for PH-894.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The discussion and analysis
of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial
statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses,
and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and base our estimates on
historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ
from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions and could have a material impact on our reported results.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no material
changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to those disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Results of Operations</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following data summarizes the results of our
operations for the periods indicated, in thousands:&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 52%; text-align: left">Operating expenses</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right">3,602</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right">2,640</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right">962</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Operating loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,602</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,640</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(962</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net loss</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(3,602</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(2,642</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">(960</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Operating Expenses</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes our total operating
expenses, for the periods indicated, in thousands:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in"><b>Research and Development Expenses</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Research and development expenses
relate to compensation and benefits for research and development personnel, facility-related expenses, supplies, external services, costs
to acquire technology licenses, research activities under our research collaborations, expenses associated with preclinical and clinical
development activities and other operating costs. Our research and development programs are focused on the development of immuno-oncology
therapeutics based on our INTASYL therapeutic platform. Since we commenced operations, research and development expenses have been a significant
portion of our total operating expenses and are expected to constitute the majority of our spending for the foreseeable future.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Research and development expenses
for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 35% as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in research
and development expenses was primarily driven by a ramp up in clinical-related expenses for our planned intratumoral and ACT clinical
trials with PH-762 of approximately $460,000 as compared to the prior year period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We anticipate research and
development expenses to continue to increase as a result of clinical-related activities as our pipeline programs progress in clinical
development.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><b>General and Administrative
Expenses</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">General and administrative
expenses relate to compensation and benefits for general and administrative personnel, facility-related expenses, professional fees for
legal and patent-related activities, audit, tax and consulting services, as well as other general corporate expenses.&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">General and administrative
expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 increased 39% as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due
to increased professional service fees totaling approximately $420,000 for legal, patent and public relations related services as compared
to the prior year period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Liquidity and Capital Resources</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Historically, our primary
source of funding has been through the sale of our securities. In the future, we will be dependent on obtaining funding from third parties,
such as proceeds from the issuance of debt, sale of equity or strategic opportunities, in order to maintain our operations. We have reported
recurring losses from operations since inception and expect that we will continue to have negative cash flows from our operations for
the foreseeable future. At March 31, 2023, we had cash of $9,035,000 as compared with $11,781,000 at December 31, 2022.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In April 2023, we completed
the April 2023 Financing and net proceeds received are estimated to be approximately $1,654,000 after deducting placement agent fees and
offering expenses. For further information regarding the April 2023 Financing, see Note 9 to our condensed consolidated interim financial
statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have limited cash resources,
have reported recurring losses from operations since inception and has not yet received product revenues. These factors raise substantial
doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern, and our current cash resources may not provide sufficient capital to fund
operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of the release of the financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly
Report. Our continuation as a going concern depends upon our ability to raise additional capital through equity offerings, debt offerings
and/or strategic opportunities to fund our operations. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in accomplishing any of these
plans in order to continue as a going concern. The financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report do not include any
adjustments to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary
should we be unable to continue as a going concern.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes
our cash flows for the periods indicated, in thousands:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities </i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Net cash used in operating
activities decreased primarily due to decreases of $1,801,000 in operating assets and liabilities from the payments for the IND-enabling
studies required for PH-894 and for the manufacturing of clinical supply batches of PH-762 and PH-894 in the prior year period and $80,000
in non-cash related items related to a decrease in stock-based compensation expense partially offset by an increase in net loss of $960,000.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Net Cash Flow from Investing Activities</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Net cash used in investing
activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 decreased as compared with the three months ended March 31, 2022, primarily due to
laboratory and computer equipment purchases for our facility <span style="background-color: white">that occurred during the prior year
period, which purchases did not repeat during the three months ended March 31, 2023</span>.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Net Cash Flow from Financing Activities </i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Net cash used in financing
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Contractual Obligations</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no material
changes to the contractual obligations as disclosed in our 2022 Form 10-K. Details of our obligations under the Clinical Co-Development
Agreement with our partner AgonOx as of March 31, 2023 can be found in Note 2 of the condensed consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="width: 92%; text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="a_010"></span>QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK</b></span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As a smaller reporting company,
we are not required to provide this information.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our management, with the participation
of our Principal Executive Officer (who is also acting as our Principal Financial Officer), evaluated the effectiveness of disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;<b>Exchange
Act</b>&#8221;)) as of the end of the period covered by this report to ensure that information that we are required to disclose in reports
that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
Securities and Exchange Commission&#8217;s rules and forms.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our disclosure controls and
procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives. We believe that a control system, no matter how
well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of
controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Based
on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report, management, with the participation
of our Principal Executive Officer (who is also acting as our Principal Financial Officer), concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of such date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Changes in Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no changes
in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ending March 31, 2023 that have materially affected,
or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 24.5pt"><b><span id="a_012"></span>PART II &#8212; OTHER INFORMATION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 8%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>ITEM 1.</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 92%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="a_013"></span>LEGAL PROCEEDINGS </b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">From time to time, the Company
may become a party to various legal proceedings and complaints arising in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently a party
to any actual or threatened material legal proceedings of which we are aware.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt">There have been no material
changes in our risk factors set forth in Part I, &#8220;Item 1A. Risk Factors&#8221; in our 2022 Form 10-K. The risk factors disclosed
in Part I, &#8220;Item 1A. Risk Factors&#8221; in our 2022 Form 10-K could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition,
or results of operations. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors,
including these risks. Additional risks not currently known or currently material to us may also harm our business.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">No sales or issuances of unregistered securities
occurred that have not previously been disclosed in a Current Report on Form 8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">None.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Not applicable.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="width: 8%"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>ITEM 5.</b></span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">None.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>EXHIBIT INDEX </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="a_020"></span>SIGNATURES</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 24.5pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Exhibit 31.1 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 RULES 13a-14(a)
AND 15d-14(a)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AS ADOPTED </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY
ACT OF 2002</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">I, Robert J. Bitterman, certify that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp.;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a&ndash;15(f) and 15d&ndash;15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 73px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to me by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 73px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 73px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">c.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 73px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">d.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 73px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 73px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal controls over financial reporting.</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dated: May 11, 2023</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 65%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-bottom: black 0.5pt solid">/s/ Robert J. Bitterman</P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Robert J. Bitterman</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">President and Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(as Principal Executive and Financial Officer)</FONT></TD></TR>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>phio_ex3201.htm
<DESCRIPTION>CERTIFICATION
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Exhibit 32.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In connection with the Quarterly Report of Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp.
(the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the
date hereof (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), the undersigned officer of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect;1350, as adopted
pursuant to &sect;906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to their knowledge:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section&nbsp;13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the Company&rsquo;s financial condition and result of operations.</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dated: May 11, 2023</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 65%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Robert J. Bitterman</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Robert J. Bitterman</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">President and Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(as Principal Executive and Financial Officer)</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/OrganizationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative" id="OrganizationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000022 - Disclosure - Organization and Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/CollaborationAgreementDetailsNarrative" id="CollaborationAgreementDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000023 - Disclosure - Collaboration Agreement (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsDetailsNarrative" id="FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000024 - Disclosure - Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/Leases-Details-BalanceSheetLeaseItems" id="Leases-Details-BalanceSheetLeaseItems">
	  <link:definition>00000025 - Disclosure - Leases - (Details - Balance sheet lease items)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/LeasesDetails-FutureLeasePayments" id="LeasesDetails-FutureLeasePayments">
	  <link:definition>00000026 - Disclosure - Leases (Details - Future lease payments)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" id="LeasesDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000027 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/PreferredStockDetailsNarrative" id="PreferredStockDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000028 - Disclosure - Preferred Stock (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/StockholdersEquityDetails-WarrantsOutstanding" id="StockholdersEquityDetails-WarrantsOutstanding">
	  <link:definition>00000029 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Details - Warrants outstanding)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/Stock-basedCompensationDetails-RsuActivity" id="Stock-basedCompensationDetails-RsuActivity">
	  <link:definition>00000030 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - RSU activity)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/Stock-basedCompensationDetails-OptionActivity" id="Stock-basedCompensationDetails-OptionActivity">
	  <link:definition>00000031 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Option activity)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/Stock-basedCompensationDetails-Share-basedCompensation" id="Stock-basedCompensationDetails-Share-basedCompensation">
	  <link:definition>00000032 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Share-based compensation)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/Stock-basedCompensationDetailsNarrative" id="Stock-basedCompensationDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000033 - Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/NetLossPerShareDetails-AntidilutiveShares" id="NetLossPerShareDetails-AntidilutiveShares">
	  <link:definition>00000034 - Disclosure - Net Loss per Share (Details - Antidilutive shares)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:roleType roleURI="http://phiopharma.com/role/SubsequentEventsDetailsNarrative" id="SubsequentEventsDetailsNarrative">
	  <link:definition>00000035 - Disclosure - Subsequent Events (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
	  <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
	</link:roleType>
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="phio-20230331_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="phio-20230331_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="phio-20230331_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Calculation Links" />
	<link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="phio-20230331_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Definition Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd" />
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    <element id="phio_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember" name="AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_RobertBittermanMember" name="RobertBittermanMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2018WarrantsMember" name="April2018WarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_October2018WarrantsMember" name="October2018WarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" name="October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" name="Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_Feb2020WarrantsMember" name="Feb2020WarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" name="Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2020WarrantsMember" name="April2020WarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_January2021WarrantsMember" name="January2021WarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" name="April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2023PrivatePlacementMember" name="April2023PrivatePlacementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2023LongTermWarrantsMember" name="April2023LongTermWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember" name="April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" name="April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
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    <element id="phio_LiquidityPolicyTextBlock" name="LiquidityPolicyTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="phio_SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" name="SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
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</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>phio-20230331_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL CALCULATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Cash" xlink:label="us-gaap_Cash" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Cash" xlink:to="us-gaap_Cash_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Cash_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCash" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCash" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCash" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCash_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCash_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Right of use asset</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES, PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; EQUITY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease liability, net of current portion</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies (Note 2)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series D Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value; 0 and 1 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders&#8217; equity:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 1,150,582 and 1,139,024 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total stockholders&#8217; equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholders&#8217; equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity, Shares Authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity, Shares Issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating expenses:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">General and administrative</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total other expense, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss per common share:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance, value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance at beginning, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash-in-lieu of fractional shares for reverse stock split</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash-in-lieu of fractional shares for reverse stock split, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock" xlink:label="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock" xlink:to="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption of preferred stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares" xlink:label="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares" xlink:to="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption of preferred stock, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares withheld for payroll taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares withheld for payroll taxes, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation expense</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ending balance, value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance at ending, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from operating activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of right of use asset</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses and other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from investing activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for purchase of property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flows from financing activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit" xlink:label="phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit" xlink:to="phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash in lieu of fractional shares for reverse stock split</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption of Series D preferred stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payment of taxes on net share settlements of restricted stock units</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net decrease in cash and restricted cash</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and restricted cash at the beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and restricted cash at the end of period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and restricted cash</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Organization and Significant Accounting Policies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value of Financial Instruments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease liability, current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease liability, non-current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average remaining lease term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average discount rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2023 (remaining)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2024</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: Imputed interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating lease liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty" xlink:label="us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty" xlink:to="us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease footage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lease Expiration Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquityByClassOfStockTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityByClassOfStockTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityByClassOfStockTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityByClassOfStockTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityByClassOfStockTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity, by Class of Stock [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of preferred stock, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity, Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement" xlink:to="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity, Aggregate Amount of Redemption Requirement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stock by Class [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant expiration date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_WarrantsIssuedShares" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants issued, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_WarrantsExercisedShares" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants exercised, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_WarrantsExpiredShares" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants expired, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's unvested units, beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's beginning balance, price per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's granted, price per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's vested, price per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's forfeited</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's forfeited, price per share</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's unvested units, ending balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RSU's ending balance, price per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options outstanding, beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options forfeited</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, forfeited</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options expired</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, expired</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options outstanding, ending balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate intrinsic value, ending balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total stock-based compensation</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation expense</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate fair value</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Table]</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares Issued, Price Per Share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants issued new, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants issued new, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_AmendedWarrants" xlink:label="phio_AmendedWarrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_AmendedWarrants" xlink:to="phio_AmendedWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_AmendedWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amended warrants</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice" xlink:label="phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice" xlink:to="phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amended warrants exercise price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants" xlink:label="phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants" xlink:to="phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from amended warrants</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Temporary Equity Stock Issued During Period Shares New Issues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="phio-20230331.xsd#phio_TemporaryEquityVotingRights" xlink:label="phio_TemporaryEquityVotingRights" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_TemporaryEquityVotingRights" xlink:to="phio_TemporaryEquityVotingRights_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_TemporaryEquityVotingRights_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Description of voting rights of redeemable preferred stock. Includes eligibility to vote and votes per share owned. Include also, if any, unusual voting rights.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsIssuedShares_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants issued, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsExercisedShares_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants exercised, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares" xlink:to="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_WarrantsExpiredShares_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants expired, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember" xlink:to="phio_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">April 2023 Registered Direct Offering [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_April2023PrivatePlacementMember" xlink:to="phio_April2023PrivatePlacementMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_April2023PrivatePlacementMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">April 2023 Private Placement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_April2023LongTermWarrantsMember" xlink:to="phio_April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">April 2023 Long-Term Warrants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="phio_April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember" xlink:to="phio_April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="phio_April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">April 2023 Short-Term Warrants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Reverse Stock Splits</link:label>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>phio-20230331_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253834986784">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 05, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-Q<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport', window );">Document Quarterly Report</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport', window );">Document Transition Report</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar. 31,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">Q1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-36304<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Phio
Pharmaceuticals Corp.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001533040<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">45-3215903<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">257
Simarano Drive<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 101<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Marlborough<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MA<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">01752<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">508<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">767-3861<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value, $0.0001 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">PHIO<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Non-accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,504,565<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-Q<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 308<br> -Subsection a<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835477536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current assets:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Cash', window );">Cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,035<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,781<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCash', window );">Restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">319<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">615<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,404<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,446<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Right of use asset</a></td>
<td class="nump">130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">161<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">167<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">183<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">6<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,707<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,814<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">902<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">779<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,356<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Lease liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,396<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,939<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Lease liability, net of current portion</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,396<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,974<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and contingencies (Note 2)</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent', window );">Series D Preferred Stock, $0.0001 par value; 0 and 1 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 1,150,582 and 1,139,024 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">139,293<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">139,218<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(131,982)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(128,380)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total stockholders&#8217; equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,311<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,838<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities, preferred stock and stockholders&#8217; equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,707<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,814<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of excess of issue price over par or stated value of stock and from other transaction involving stock or stockholder. Includes, but is not limited to, additional paid-in capital (APIC) for common and preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(18))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Cash">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480555/946-210-45-21<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Topic 946<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480555/946-210-45-20<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Cash</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(15))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03.17)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479853/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.25)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 4: 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FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 22: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479853/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 4: 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Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 21: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 360<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480842/942-360-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCash">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479853/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCash</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated undistributed earnings (deficit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-11<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(17))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent. Excludes temporary equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 13: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 14: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480418/310-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount, attributable to parent, of an entity's issued and outstanding stock which is not included within permanent equity. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. Includes stock with a put option held by an ESOP and stock redeemable by a holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.E.Q2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479830/718-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquityCarryingAmountAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253833299664">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,150,582<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,139,024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,150,582<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,139,024<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember', window );">Series D Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Temporary Equity, Par or Stated Value Per Share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized', window );">Temporary Equity, Shares Authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued', window );">Temporary Equity, Shares Issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding', window );">Temporary Equity, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(16)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(16)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share amount of par value or stated value of stock classified as temporary equity. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (27)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 210<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of securities classified as temporary equity that are permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of securities classified as temporary equity that have been sold (or granted) to the entity's shareholders. Securities issued include securities outstanding and securities held in treasury. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of securities classified as temporary equity that have been issued and are held by the entity's shareholders. Securities outstanding equals securities issued minus securities held in treasury. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253834958064">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,134<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,586<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">General and administrative</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,468<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,054<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,602<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,640<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Operating loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,602)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,640)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total other expense, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3,602)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,642)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Net loss per common share:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3.15)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2.34)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3.15)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2.34)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,142,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,130,344<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,142,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,130,344<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-15<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-2<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-10<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483589/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483586/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-52<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-7<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482916/730-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 912<br> -SubTopic 730<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482517/912-730-25-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481283/985-20-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-16<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253833308496">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Preferred Stock Series D [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Common Stock [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Retained Earnings [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Beginning balance, value at Dec. 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 138,832<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (116,900)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,932<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance at beginning, shares at Dec. 31, 2021</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,127,917<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,943<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation', window );">Shares withheld for payroll taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation', window );">Shares withheld for payroll taxes, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,633)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">186<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,642)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,642)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Ending balance, value at Mar. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">138,993<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(119,542)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,451<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance at ending, shares at Mar. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,138,227<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Beginning balance, value at Dec. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">139,218<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(128,380)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,838<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance at beginning, shares at Dec. 31, 2022</a></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,139,024<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit', window );">Cash-in-lieu of fractional shares for reverse stock split</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(11)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits', window );">Cash-in-lieu of fractional shares for reverse stock split, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,706)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock', window );">Redemption of preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (2)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares', window );">Redemption of preferred stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(1)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures', window );">Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,080<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation', window );">Shares withheld for payroll taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation', window );">Shares withheld for payroll taxes, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,816)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">111<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,602)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,602)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Ending balance, value at Mar. 31, 2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 139,293<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (131,982)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,311<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance at ending, shares at Mar. 31, 2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,150,582<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_RedemptionOfPreferredStockShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease to equity for grantee's tax withholding obligation for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481089/718-20-55-13<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481089/718-20-55-12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of decrease in additional paid in capital (APIC) resulting from a stock split in which per-share par value or stated value is not changed proportionately.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockSplit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued which are neither cancelled nor held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares used to settle grantee's tax withholding obligation for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesPaidForTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued during the period related to Restricted Stock Awards, net of any shares forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reduction in the number of shares during the period as a result of a reverse stock split.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesReverseStockSplits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock related to Restricted Stock Awards issued during the period, net of the stock value of such awards forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueRestrictedStockAwardNetOfForfeitures</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent. Excludes temporary equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 13: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 14: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480418/310-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253833390592">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (3,602)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (2,642)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">16<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense', window );">Amortization of right of use asset</a></td>
<td class="nump">31<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Prepaid expenses and other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">314<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(538)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">123<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">331<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(543)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Lease liability</a></td>
<td class="num">(32)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(30)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash used in operating activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,708)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,469)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from investing activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Cash paid for purchase of property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(104)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(104)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash flows from financing activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit', window );">Cash in lieu of fractional shares for reverse stock split</a></td>
<td class="num">(11)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock', window );">Redemption of Series D preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(2)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation', window );">Payment of taxes on net share settlements of restricted stock units</a></td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash used in financing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(38)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(25)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">Net decrease in cash and restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,746)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,598)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash and restricted cash at the beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,107<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash and restricted cash at the end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 20,509<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_CashInLieuOfFractionalSharesForReverseStockSplit</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; excluding effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Topic 830<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481877/830-230-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of expenses incurred but not yet paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Topic 842<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-25<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of periodic reduction over lease term of carrying amount of right-of-use asset from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for reacquisition of callable preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfRedeemablePreferredStock</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow to satisfy grantee's tax withholding obligation for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsRelatedToTaxWithholdingForShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253832784608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reconciliation of Cash - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract', window );"><strong>Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Cash', window );">Cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,035<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,781<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 20,459<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCash', window );">Restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash and restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,831<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 20,509<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 24,107<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479853/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253834983600">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization and Significant Accounting Policies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">Organization and Significant Accounting Policies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zw4YMXfH5jI2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>1. <span id="xdx_820_zCLr9zjnxA48">Organization and Significant Accounting Policies</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--NatureOfOperations_zHSA9OtI9uGe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i><span id="xdx_863_zAZ1ZVV5Gaqb">Nature of Operations</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. (&#8220;<b>Phio</b>&#8221;
or the &#8220;<b>Company</b>&#8221;) is a clinical stage biotechnology company whose proprietary INTASYL&#8482; self-delivering RNAi technology
platform is designed to make immune cells more effective in killing tumor cells. Phio is developing therapeutics that are designed to
leverage INTASYL to precisely target specific proteins that reduce the body&#8217;s ability to fight cancer, without the need for specialized
formulations or drug delivery systems.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Effective January 26, 2023, the Company completed
a <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_c20230125__20230126_z1EQjEkbkIZ3" title="Reverse stock split">1-for-12 reverse stock split</span> of the Company&#8217;s outstanding common stock, including reclassifying an amount equal to the reduction
in par value to additional paid-in capital. The reverse stock split did not reduce the number of authorized shares of the Company&#8217;s
common or preferred stock. All share and per share amounts have been adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zhXwsZNN2gAf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86B_zddshCJAoc11">Principles of Consolidation</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The condensed consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Phio and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MirImmune, LLC. All material intercompany accounts
have been eliminated in consolidation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p id="xdx_844_eus-gaap--BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zdzrH6OMRREg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_867_zPSGeND6zlxh">Basis of Presentation</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The accompanying financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&#8220;<b>GAAP</b>&#8221;). Certain information and
footnote disclosures that are included in the Company&#8217;s annual financial statements, but that are not required for interim reporting
purposes, have been condensed or omitted. Additionally, the Company made adjustments to the outstanding stock option and unvested restricted
stock unit balances, and related per share amounts, at December 31, 2022 to reflect final revisions to these outstanding equity awards
as a result of the Company&#8217;s reverse stock split. The adjustment had no effect on the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated financial
statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included
in the Company&#8217;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &#8220;<b>SEC</b>&#8221;) on March 22, 2023 (the &#8220;<b>2022 Form 10-K</b>&#8221;). In the opinion of management, all
adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial
statements have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeDsCt1hJp6b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i><span id="xdx_867_zvR56aNN4rW7">Use of Estimates</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas subject to significant estimates and judgement include, among others, those
related to the fair value of equity awards, accruals for research and development expenses, useful lives of property and equipment, income
taxes, and the valuation allowance on the Company&#8217;s deferred tax assets. On an ongoing basis the Company evaluates its estimates
and bases its estimates on historical experience and other relevant assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--LiquidityPolicyTextBlock_ziV1pgEtUcLa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zVFb0o2OjLr8">Liquidity</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has reported recurring
losses from operations since inception and expects to continue to have negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future.
Historically, the Company&#8217;s primary source of funding has been from sales of its securities. The Company&#8217;s ability to continue
to fund its operations is dependent on obtaining funding from third parties, such as proceeds from the issuance of debt, sale of equity,
or strategic opportunities, in order to maintain its operations. This is dependent on a number of factors, including the market demand
or liquidity of the Company&#8217;s common stock. There is no guarantee that debt, additional equity or other funding will be available
to the Company on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company fails to obtain additional funding when needed, the Company would be forced
to scale back or terminate its operations or seek to merge with or to be acquired by another company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>









<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has limited cash
resources, has reported recurring losses from operations since inception and has not yet received product revenues. These factors raise
substantial doubt regarding the Company&#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern, and the Company&#8217;s current cash resources
may not provide sufficient capital to fund operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of the release of these financial
statements. The continuation of the Company as a going concern depends upon the Company&#8217;s ability to raise additional capital through
an equity offering, debt offering and/or strategic opportunity to fund its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will
be successful in accomplishing these plans in order to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments
to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zRl65xf6ufk7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_865_z5B8zLFvHNj5">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no material
changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in the Company&#8217;s 2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_z2bjY24SNm2b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zDVzxiZtC7w1">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no recent
accounting pronouncements that have significantly impacted this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, beyond those disclosed in the Company&#8217;s
2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure, and significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. May be provided in more than one note to the financial statements, as long as users are provided with an understanding of (1) the significant judgments and assumptions made by an enterprise in determining whether it must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about its involvement with a VIE, (2) the nature of restrictions on a consolidated VIE's assets reported by an enterprise in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets, (3) the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprise's involvement with the VIE, and (4) how an enterprise's involvement with the VIE affects the enterprise's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Describes procedure if disclosures are provided in more than one note to the financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//235/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 275<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//275/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//810/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//205/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253926290112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Collaboration Agreement<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_zTC4xk104kUe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>2.&#160;<span id="xdx_82F_znTMWiKCqRe1">Collaboration Agreement</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i>AgonOx, Inc. (&#8220;<b>AgonOx</b>&#8221;)</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In March 2021, the
Company entered into a clinical co-development collaboration agreement (the &#8220;<b>Clinical Co-Development Agreement</b>&#8221;)
with AgonOx, a private company developing a pipeline of novel immunotherapy drugs targeting key regulators of the immune response to
cancer. Under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, Phio and AgonOx are working to develop a T cell-based therapy using the
Company&#8217;s lead product candidate, PH-762, and AgonOx&#8217;s &#8220;double positive&#8221; tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
(&#8220;<b>DP TIL</b>&#8221;) technology. Per the terms of the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, the Company committed to provide
financial support for development costs of up to $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--TotalContractualObligation_iI_pp0p0_c20230331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_z8xp63SJj7l9" title="Total contractual obligation">4,000,000</span>
to AgonOx for expenses incurred to conduct a Phase 1 clinical trial of PH-762 treated DP TIL in subjects with advanced melanoma and
other advanced solid tumors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company will recognize its share of costs arising
from research and development activities performed by AgonOx in the Company&#8217;s financial statements in the period AgonOx incurs such
expense. Phio will be entitled to certain future development milestones and low single-digit sales-based royalty payments from AgonOx&#8217;s
licensing of its DP TIL technology.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company recognized
approximately $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ExpenseFromContractualObligations_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_z4TFt3EQZU94" title="Research and development expense">119,000</span>
of expense in connection with these efforts during the three months ended March 31, 2023. <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ExpenseFromContractualObligations_pn3n3_do_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_zNcNcdpNv59h" title="Research and development expense">No</span>
expense under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2022.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for collaborative arrangements in which the entity is a participant, including a) information about the nature and purpose of such arrangements; b) its rights and obligations thereunder; c) the accounting policy for collaborative arrangements; and d) the income statement classification and amounts attributable to transactions arising from the collaborative arrangement between participants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 808<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 808<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 808<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//808/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253926337728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value of Financial Instruments<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company follows the provisions of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board (the &#8220;<b>FASB</b>&#8221;) Accounting Standards Codification (&#8220;<b>ASC</b>&#8221;) Topic 820, &#8220;<i>Fair
Value Measurement</i>,&#8221; for the Company&#8217;s financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value
each reporting period and are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually using a fair value hierarchy that is broken down
into three levels. Level inputs are defined as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Level 1 &#8211; quoted prices in active markets
for identical assets or liabilities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Level 2 &#8211; other significant observable inputs for the
assets or liabilities through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Level 3 &#8211; significant unobservable inputs that reflect
management&#8217;s best estimate of what market participants would use to price the assets or liabilities at the measurement date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company
categorized its restricted cash of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pp0p0_c20230331__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_znH8brnaqVj7" title="Cash and cash equivalents"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pp0p0_c20221231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zYLgqBXIOFsd" title="Cash and cash equivalents">50,000</span></span>&#160;as Level 2 hierarchy. The assets classified as Level 2 have initially been valued at the
applicable transaction price and subsequently valued, at the end of each reporting period, using other market observable data. Observable
market data points include quoted prices, interest rates, reportable trades and other industry and economic events.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The carrying amounts of cash,
accounts payable and accrued expenses of the Company approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>









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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253926303008">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock', window );">Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zWYiphMNZiGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>4. <span id="xdx_828_zoHzedZOYbq5">Leases</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In January 2019, the Company
amended the lease for its corporate headquarters and primary research facility in Marlborough, Massachusetts. The lease is for a total
of <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--AreaOfRealEstateProperty_iI_usqft_c20230331__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember_z3XzkHrcJ5ud" title="Operating lease footage">7,581</span> square feet of office and laboratory space and will expire on <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LeaseExpirationDate1_dd_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember_zeiSQ3IDv18c" title="Lease Expiration Date">March 31, 2024</span>. The lease contains an option to terminate after
two or three years by providing advance written notice of termination pursuant to the terms of the agreement. The exercise of this option
was not determined to be reasonably certain and thus was not included in the lease liability on the Company&#8217;s balance sheet. The
Company did not exercise its option to terminate in either the second or third year of the lease, and the option to terminate has expired.
Additionally, the lease agreement did not contain information to determine the borrowing rate implicit in the lease. As such, the Company
calculated its incremental borrowing rate based on what the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over the lease
term for an amount equal to the remaining lease payments, taking into consideration such assumptions as, but not limited to, the U.S.
treasury yield rate and borrowing rates from a creditworthy financial institution using the above lease factors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The lease for the Company&#8217;s corporate headquarters represents
all of our significant lease obligations. The amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance
sheets for the operating lease in which the Company is the lessee and other supplemental balance sheet information is set forth as follows,
in thousands, except the lease term (number of years) and discount rate:&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_ecustom--SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zc2Yek4eoCO1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases - (Details - Balance sheet lease items)">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B7_zDYO1Xj2gUpa" style="display: none">Schedule of lease and supplemental balance sheet information</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">December 31, 2022</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 66%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Right of use asset</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_c20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Right of use asset">130</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">Liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Lease liability, current</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_c20230331_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Lease liability, current">138</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Lease liability, current">135</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Lease liability, non-current</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331_zmmkzd0S5Fc1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Lease liability, non-current">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Lease liability, non-current">35</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total lease liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total lease liability">138</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total lease liability">170</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Lease Term and Discount Rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Weighted average remaining lease term</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20230331_zW31w8zntzRd" title="Weighted average remaining lease term">1.00</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20221231_zkNnx4KxnOja" title="Weighted average remaining lease term">1.25</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td>Weighted average discount rate</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20230331_zmFULc3X0YR6" title="Weighted average discount rate">4.70</span>%</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20221231_zcuNJzaqUD62" title="Weighted average discount rate">4.70</span>%</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A5_z8DkIm6iio3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Operating lease costs included
in operating expense were $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pp0p0_c20230101__20230331_zmsvNKuWxYg" title="Operating lease cost"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331_zzqHQBju21cd" title="Operating lease cost">33,000</span></span> for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Cash paid for the amounts
included in the measurement of the operating lease liability on the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated balance sheets and included
within changes in the lease liability in the operating activities of the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows
was $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_c20230101__20230331_zdBqIe0w166">34,000</span> and $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_c20220101__20220331_zecJG1jdoPje">33,000</span> for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Future lease payments
for the Company&#8217;s non-cancellable operating lease and a reconciliation to the carrying amount of the operating lease liability
presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 is as follows, in thousands:&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zEhVRMUlQ9W" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases (Details - Future lease payments)">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B8_zobsBzVjKcuk" style="display: none">Schedule of future minimum lease payments</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230331_zq212zoCYdp7" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zZlIhGaSJam7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 83%">2023 (remaining)</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">106</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zINmv7jJ2m8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">35</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzEqC_zYZ2J1PEzZ0e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total lease payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">141</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zrH4Gzz7EEVb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Less: Imputed interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total operating lease liability</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">138</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p id="xdx_8A5_zpdT3VtfVLI8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//842-20/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253839158384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Preferred Stock<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Temporary Equity Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock', window );">Preferred Stock</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock_zDarcaQlRlyc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>5.&#160;<span id="xdx_82F_zss06Fwnb9Ac">Preferred Stock</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has authorized up to<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20230331_z3Swc1mFELo1" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized">
10,000,000</span>&#160;shares of preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20230331_pdd" title="Preferred stock, par value">0.0001</span>
par value per share, for issuance. The Company&#8217;s Board of Directors (the &#8220;<b>Board</b>&#8217;) is authorized under the
Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (as may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the
&#8220;<b>Amended Certificate</b>&#8221;), to designate the authorized preferred stock into one or more series and to fix and
determine such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of any series of preferred stock, including voting rights, dividend
rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, as shall be determined by the Board upon its
issuance.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"/>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>









<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">On November 16, 2022,
the Company issued and sold&#160;<span id="xdx_902_ecustom--TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_dxL_c20221115__20221116__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__srt--CounterpartyNameAxis__custom--RobertBittermanMember_zi51mOVYpXq3">one</span>
share of the Company&#8217;s Series D Preferred Stock, par value $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20221116__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pdd">0.0001</span>&#160;per
share (the &#8220;<b>Series D Preferred Stock</b>&#8221;) to Robert Bitterman, then its interim Executive Chairman and current Chief
Executive Officer, for $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_c20221101__20221116__srt--CounterpartyNameAxis__custom--RobertBittermanMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pp0p0">1,750</span>.
The Series D Preferred Stock was entitled to&#160;17,500,000 votes per share exclusively with respect to any proposal to amend the
Company&#8217;s Amended Certificate to effect a reverse stock split of the Company&#8217;s common stock (&#8220;<b>Reverse Stock
Split</b>&#8221;). The terms of the Series D Preferred Stock provided that it would be voted, without action by the holder, on any
such proposal in the same proportion as shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock were voted. The Series D Preferred Stock
otherwise had no voting rights except as required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series D Preferred Stock was not convertible
into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or series of stock or other securities of the Company. The Series D Preferred Stock
had no rights with respect to any distribution of assets of the Company, including upon a liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, merger,
acquisition, sale, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether voluntarily or involuntarily. The holder of the Series D Preferred
Stock was not entitled to receive dividends of any kind.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under its terms, the outstanding share of Series
D Preferred Stock was to be redeemed in whole, but not in part, at any time: (i) if such redemption was approved by the Board
in its sole discretion or (ii) automatically and effective upon the approval by the Company's stockholders of a Reverse Stock Split. Upon
such redemption, the holder of the Series D Preferred Stock was entitled to receive consideration of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pp0p0" title="Temporary Equity, Aggregate Amount of Redemption Requirement">1,750</span>&#160;in cash.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series D Preferred Stock was redeemed in whole
on January 4, 2023, upon the approval by the Company&#8217;s stockholders of a Reverse Stock Split, such that, at March 31, 2023, there
were <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zYVD61JDs6G9" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Authorized"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesIssued_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zyM32spAxIC9" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Issued"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zBwCXTldAZl8" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Outstanding">no</span></span></span> shares of Series D Preferred Stock authorized, issued or outstanding and all of the Company&#8217;s authorized shares of preferred
stock were undesignated.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of temporary equity. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253833279024">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stockholders&#8217; Equity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Stockholders&#8217; Equity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_z9YWQpf7M992" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>6. <span id="xdx_820_zIyB4pIy0BEd">Stockholders&#8217; Equity</span>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><i>Warrants</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the Company&#8217;s
outstanding warrants, all of which are classified as equity instruments, at March 31, 2023:&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_881_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_zgeWOyGImu7i" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Details - Warrants outstanding)">
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Exercise</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Expiration</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Balance December 31,</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Warrants</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Warrants</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Warrants</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>March 31,</b></p></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Exercised</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Expired</b></span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 41%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2018 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2,079.00&#160;</span></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zISHSTBaD0g2" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,720&#160;</span></td>
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    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zZD6sbl813Xg" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
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    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_z1ZN74sArQJl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,720&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2018 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2,676.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zbL040bdqL0b" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">117&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zOy9wgvTriYe" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zRPXNczttXh1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zukJjgjAEMui" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zEyOaINpwLF6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">117&#160;</span></td>
    <td/></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">October 2018 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">125.40&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zQffJ1PJSBy5" title="Warrant expiration date">10/3/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">32,486&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zqqIKivXwQWa" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_z09g9FDHUOQ9" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zytE0PlZdhgk" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">32,486&#160;</span></td>
    <td/></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">October 2018 Underwriter Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">156.72&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zyAYn62w7V26" title="Warrant expiration date">10/1/2023</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2,438&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zc7w9BXleu9e" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_z3gNy39HVIr1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zCcQXeJFaBE4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">2,438&#160;</span></td>
    <td/></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">November 2019 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">82.50&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSqwObNiIAa7" title="Warrant expiration date">11/18/2024</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,138&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zzAms03xzvQ6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z7BISX8tod8e" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMM6Jp645y02" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,138&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Registered Direct Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104.52&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zrBGnCemgiDa" title="Warrant expiration date">8/6/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">16,425&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_z4Aacid5vT99" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zRvA3gBj6ZZe" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zA0cZmVThVMd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">16,425&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">132.45&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zrfXL33oJqyc" title="Warrant expiration date">2/4/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,233&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zy8ltTcF58Dd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlUjg2tr66h8" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zXCglguSoqI3" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,233&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">48.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zqxRi0n5sC16" title="Warrant expiration date">2/13/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">110,557&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zgBSE7tubUEa" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zJqEgbfuMNKh" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zxS5DSvykbjc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">110,557&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Underwriter Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">60.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zcYVZSi3CjPh" title="Warrant expiration date">2/11/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">12,501&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zMEmBvNVAMA5" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zbZPKZZkTIXf" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zrOf0dYJrE2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">12,501&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2020 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">26.52&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_z1aeXYXBRsW5" title="Warrant expiration date">10/2/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">35,691&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zWX4ursW5POc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zLWH4kCT2yUg" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zc7R9E8u6NO6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">35,691&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">35.03&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zKPLIOHc3Noc" title="Warrant expiration date">3/31/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3,481&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zz2AoostoV56" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlnDvx8MVxDb" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zqTt6RnmaUkc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3,481&#160;</span></td>
    <td/></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">January 2021 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">36.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zLadvihhBEj8" title="Warrant expiration date">7/27/2026</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">285,061&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zyDYWFturh72" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_z3xSqRB3iRF" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835538688">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-based Compensation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Restricted Stock Units</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Restricted stock units
(&#8220;<b>RSUs</b>&#8221;) are issued under the Company&#8217;s 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the &#8220;<b>2020 Plan</b>&#8221;)
or as inducement grants issued outside of the 2020 Plan to new employees. RSUs are generally subject to graded vesting and the
satisfaction of certain service requirements. Upon vesting, each outstanding RSU will be settled for one share of the
Company&#8217;s common stock. Employee RSU recipients may elect to net share settle upon vesting, in which case the Company pays the
employee&#8217;s income taxes due upon vesting and withholds a number of shares of equal value. The fair value of the RSUs awarded
are based upon the Company&#8217;s closing stock price at the grant date and are expensed over the requisite service period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the activity of
the Company&#8217;s RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2023:&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td>Vested</td><td>&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zPEm5KEJOpAa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="RSU's forfeited">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
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  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AA_zefRhSS02Pcl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The weighted-average fair
value of RSUs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zvdRqlrDhXI7" title="RSU's granted, price per share">5.24</span> and $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zaEcbCADvZUi" title="RSU's granted, price per share">10.32</span>, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Stock-based compensation expense
related to RSUs was $<span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pp0p0" title="Share-based compensation expense">111,000</span> and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z5rTkm4IN85b" title="Share-based compensation expense">179,000</span> for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The aggregate fair value of awards that vested
during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pp0p0" title="Aggregate fair value">95,000</span> and $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zE04sHa9OwJg" title="Aggregate fair value">128,000</span>, respectively, which represents the market value of the
Company&#8217;s common stock on the date that the RSUs vested.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Stock Options</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Stock options are available
to be issued under the 2020 Plan and are generally subject to graded vesting and the satisfaction of certain service requirements. Upon
the exercise of a stock option, the Company issues new shares and delivers them to the recipient. The Company does not expect to net share
settle to satisfy stock option exercises.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company used the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model to determine the fair value of all its option grants. The risk-free interest rate used for each grant was based upon
the yield on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities with a term similar to the expected life of the related option. The Company&#8217;s
expected stock price volatility assumption was based upon the Company&#8217;s own implied volatility. The expected life assumption used
for option grants was based upon the simplified method provided for under ASC 718. The dividend yield assumption was based upon the fact
that the Company has never paid cash dividends and presently has no intention of paying cash dividends.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the activity of
the Company&#8217;s stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2023:&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zFcWV9LkfyMi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Option activity)">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8BE_zGDRmV8OIyF" style="display: none">Schedule of Stock Option Activity</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number<br/> of Shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted-<br/> Average<br/> Exercise<br/> Price<br/> Per Share</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Aggregate<br/> Intrinsic<br/> Value</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 52%">Balance at December 31, 2022</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNAglvAEQ4kl" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Options outstanding, beginning balance">177</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z3RSttD8sYv2" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance">35,231.40</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Granted</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zPqW31hdfLE" style="text-align: right" title="Options granted">&#8211;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEry0cQWWIz1" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, granted">&#8211;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td>Exercised</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zsVwqSBBP2b7" style="text-align: right" title="Options exercised">&#8211;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_ziIXeLkXGBK8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercised">&#8211;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Forfeited</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoeJEUOnB697" style="text-align: right" title="Options forfeited">&#8211;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNbYRuhbYrOb" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, forfeited">&#8211;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Expired</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z30tYSQsW9z6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Options expired">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoVwmFeXxjea" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, expired">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance at March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zWRI2JT4GCfd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Options outstanding, ending balance">177</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zuFGY5BzItua" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance">35,231.40</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zCaBUDnXU1Yl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, ending balance">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exercisable at March 31, 2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z4mqelzRIID" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Option exercisable">177</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zB318CYIpF28" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercisable">35,231.40</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEiK1T9wwBBi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable">&#8211;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>



<p id="xdx_8A1_zU5ZEqBm5Nof" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Stock-based compensation
expense related to stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zosMS5U4wK3e">7,000</span>.
As of December 31, 2022, the compensation expense for all unvested stock options had been recognized in the Company&#8217;s results of
operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt"/>









<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>Compensation Expense Related to Equity Awards</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth
total stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, in thousands:&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock_pn3n3_z5zRoGDGneU4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Share-based compensation)">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8B1_zeLsjzvCpyC" style="display: none">Schedule of stock based compensation expense</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March&#160;31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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<p id="xdx_8A7_zjRyAzEwGeS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835622384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Net Loss per Common Share<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Net Loss per Common Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zoQ5lTIwZMP5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>8. <span id="xdx_824_zzGqVbXR5xE6">Net Loss per Common Share</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth
the potential common shares excluded from the calculation of net loss per common share because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span id="xdx_8BE_z5YfnilTyH91" style="display: none">Schedule of anti-dilutive stock</span>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">March&#160;31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left">Options to purchase common stock</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">177</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">208</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Unvested restricted stock units</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">73,899</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Warrants to purchase common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">545,401</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">545,401</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">618,333</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331_zfG7tK5LRACl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">619,508</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for earnings per share.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//260/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835529280">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsAbstract', window );"><strong>Subsequent Events [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock', window );">Subsequent Events</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--SubsequentEventsTextBlock_zR8hK4ZwkAs" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>9. <span id="xdx_820_zenxOK39FjZe">Subsequent Events</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">On April 20, 2023, the
Company completed a registered direct offering of <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_zqppdcphMjp1">353,983</span>
shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock at a purchase price per share of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_z74CuLXX4Iv7">5.65</span>.
In a concurrent private placement, the Company also issued five and one-half years Series A warrants to purchase up to <span id="xdx_909_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_zkK2Zk2uPjYe" title="Warrants issued new, shares">353,983</span>
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_zm00Gt7xcRAh" title="Warrants issued new, shares">5.40</span>
per share and eighteen months Series B warrants to purchase up to <span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_zRrXBvt9m3Zf" title="Warrants issued new, shares">353,983</span>
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_zs3oDrJqF3S4" title="Warrants issued new, shares">5.40</span>
per share (collectively, the &#8220;<b>April 2023 Financing</b>&#8221;). In addition, the Company issued warrants to the placement
agent, H.C. Wainwright &amp; Co., LLC, for the April 2023 Financing to purchase a total of <span id="xdx_900_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSLLdEef7BOi" title="Warrants issued new, shares">26,549</span>
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $<span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zizL8q0bBwy6" title="Warrants issued new, shares">7.0625</span>
per share. Net proceeds to the Company from the April 2023 Financing are estimated to be approximately $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_zT1ZCkCC2282">1,654,000</span>
after deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In connection with the April
2023 Financing, the Company entered into warrant amendment agreements (the &#8220;<b>Warrant Amendment Agreements</b>&#8221;) with the
participating investors to amend the exercise price of certain existing warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of <span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--AmendedWarrants_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zpPcYO43GCWe" title="Amended warrants">191,619</span> shares of common
stock that were previously issued in April 2018 through January 2021, such that each of the amended warrants have an exercise price of
$<span id="xdx_900_ecustom--AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zzRKUrVrwQme" title="Amended warrants exercise price">5.40</span> per share. The Company received $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zOHDPd1TgXpd" title="Proceeds from amended warrants">24,000</span> as consideration in connection with the Warrant Amendment Agreements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company is currently reviewing
the accounting for the warrants issued in the April 2023 Financing and for the warrants amended under the Warrant Amendment Agreements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 855<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//855/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 855<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483399/855-10-50-2<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253836904816">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization and Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations', window );">Nature of Operations</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--NatureOfOperations_zHSA9OtI9uGe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i><span id="xdx_863_zAZ1ZVV5Gaqb">Nature of Operations</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. (&#8220;<b>Phio</b>&#8221;
or the &#8220;<b>Company</b>&#8221;) is a clinical stage biotechnology company whose proprietary INTASYL&#8482; self-delivering RNAi technology
platform is designed to make immune cells more effective in killing tumor cells. Phio is developing therapeutics that are designed to
leverage INTASYL to precisely target specific proteins that reduce the body&#8217;s ability to fight cancer, without the need for specialized
formulations or drug delivery systems.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Effective January 26, 2023, the Company completed
a <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_c20230125__20230126_z1EQjEkbkIZ3" title="Reverse stock split">1-for-12 reverse stock split</span> of the Company&#8217;s outstanding common stock, including reclassifying an amount equal to the reduction
in par value to additional paid-in capital. The reverse stock split did not reduce the number of authorized shares of the Company&#8217;s
common or preferred stock. All share and per share amounts have been adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock', window );">Principles of Consolidation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zhXwsZNN2gAf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86B_zddshCJAoc11">Principles of Consolidation</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The condensed consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Phio and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MirImmune, LLC. All material intercompany accounts
have been eliminated in consolidation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_844_eus-gaap--BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zdzrH6OMRREg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_867_zPSGeND6zlxh">Basis of Presentation</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The accompanying financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&#8220;<b>GAAP</b>&#8221;). Certain information and
footnote disclosures that are included in the Company&#8217;s annual financial statements, but that are not required for interim reporting
purposes, have been condensed or omitted. Additionally, the Company made adjustments to the outstanding stock option and unvested restricted
stock unit balances, and related per share amounts, at December 31, 2022 to reflect final revisions to these outstanding equity awards
as a result of the Company&#8217;s reverse stock split. The adjustment had no effect on the Company&#8217;s condensed consolidated financial
statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included
in the Company&#8217;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &#8220;<b>SEC</b>&#8221;) on March 22, 2023 (the &#8220;<b>2022 Form 10-K</b>&#8221;). In the opinion of management, all
adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial
statements have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates', window );">Use of Estimates</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeDsCt1hJp6b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><i><span id="xdx_867_zvR56aNN4rW7">Use of Estimates</span> </i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas subject to significant estimates and judgement include, among others, those
related to the fair value of equity awards, accruals for research and development expenses, useful lives of property and equipment, income
taxes, and the valuation allowance on the Company&#8217;s deferred tax assets. On an ongoing basis the Company evaluates its estimates
and bases its estimates on historical experience and other relevant assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i>&#160;</i></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_LiquidityPolicyTextBlock', window );">Liquidity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--LiquidityPolicyTextBlock_ziV1pgEtUcLa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zVFb0o2OjLr8">Liquidity</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has reported recurring
losses from operations since inception and expects to continue to have negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future.
Historically, the Company&#8217;s primary source of funding has been from sales of its securities. The Company&#8217;s ability to continue
to fund its operations is dependent on obtaining funding from third parties, such as proceeds from the issuance of debt, sale of equity,
or strategic opportunities, in order to maintain its operations. This is dependent on a number of factors, including the market demand
or liquidity of the Company&#8217;s common stock. There is no guarantee that debt, additional equity or other funding will be available
to the Company on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company fails to obtain additional funding when needed, the Company would be forced
to scale back or terminate its operations or seek to merge with or to be acquired by another company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>









<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company has limited cash
resources, has reported recurring losses from operations since inception and has not yet received product revenues. These factors raise
substantial doubt regarding the Company&#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern, and the Company&#8217;s current cash resources
may not provide sufficient capital to fund operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of the release of these financial
statements. The continuation of the Company as a going concern depends upon the Company&#8217;s ability to raise additional capital through
an equity offering, debt offering and/or strategic opportunity to fund its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will
be successful in accomplishing these plans in order to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments
to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zRl65xf6ufk7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_865_z5B8zLFvHNj5">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no material
changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in the Company&#8217;s 2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_z2bjY24SNm2b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><i><span id="xdx_86F_zDVzxiZtC7w1">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</span></i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">There have been no recent
accounting pronouncements that have significantly impacted this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, beyond those disclosed in the Company&#8217;s
2022 Form 10-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835786352">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th></tr>
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    <td style="font-weight: bold">Assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835643680">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stockholders&#8217; Equity (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">156.72&#160;</span></td>
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    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zCcQXeJFaBE4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">November 2019 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">82.50&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSqwObNiIAa7" title="Warrant expiration date">11/18/2024</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,138&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zzAms03xzvQ6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z7BISX8tod8e" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMM6Jp645y02" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,138&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Registered Direct Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">104.52&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zrBGnCemgiDa" title="Warrant expiration date">8/6/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">16,425&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_z4Aacid5vT99" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zRvA3gBj6ZZe" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zA0cZmVThVMd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">16,425&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">132.45&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zrfXL33oJqyc" title="Warrant expiration date">2/4/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,233&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zy8ltTcF58Dd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlUjg2tr66h8" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zXCglguSoqI3" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">1,233&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">48.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zqxRi0n5sC16" title="Warrant expiration date">2/13/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">110,557&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zgBSE7tubUEa" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zJqEgbfuMNKh" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zxS5DSvykbjc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">110,557&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">February 2020 Underwriter Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">60.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zcYVZSi3CjPh" title="Warrant expiration date">2/11/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">12,501&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zMEmBvNVAMA5" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zbZPKZZkTIXf" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zrOf0dYJrE2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">12,501&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2020 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">26.52&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_z1aeXYXBRsW5" title="Warrant expiration date">10/2/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">35,691&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zWX4ursW5POc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zLWH4kCT2yUg" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zc7R9E8u6NO6" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">35,691&#160;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt"/></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">April 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">35.03&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zKPLIOHc3Noc" title="Warrant expiration date">3/31/2025</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3,481&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zz2AoostoV56" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlnDvx8MVxDb" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zqTt6RnmaUkc" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">3,481&#160;</span></td>
    <td/></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">January 2021 Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">36.00&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zLadvihhBEj8" title="Warrant expiration date">7/27/2026</span>&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">285,061&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_981_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zyDYWFturh72" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_982_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_z3xSqRB3iRF" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zHOJ8yFw0jid" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#8211;&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">285,061&#160;</span></td>
    <td/></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">January 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">$&#160;&#160;</span></td>
    <td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-size: 10pt">46.05&#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of warrants or rights issued. Warrants and rights outstanding are derivative securities that give the holder the right to purchase securities (usually equity) from the issuer at a specific price within a certain time frame. Warrants are often included in a new debt issue to entice investors by a higher return potential. The main difference between warrants and call options is that warrants are issued and guaranteed by the company, whereas options are exchange instruments and are not issued by the company. Also, the lifetime of a warrant is often measured in years, while the lifetime of a typical option is measured in months. Disclose the title of issue of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the aggregate amount of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the date from which the warrants or rights are exercisable, and the price at which the warrant or right is exercisable.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140254001343088">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-based Compensation (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 13%; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">208</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">545,401</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331_zfG7tK5LRACl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share">619,508</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so would increase EPS amounts or decrease loss per share amounts for the period presented, by antidilutive securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253834992256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization and Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 26, 2023</div></th>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="text">1-for-12 reverse stock split<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the reverse stock split arrangement. Also provide the retroactive effect given by the reverse split that occurs after the balance sheet date but before the release of financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.C)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253836909712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Collaboration Agreement (Details Narrative) - Agon Ox Clinical Agreement [Member] - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_TotalContractualObligation', window );">Total contractual obligation</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,000,000<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 119,000<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 808<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140254001342832">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 50,000<span></span>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value portion of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253834890144">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases - (Details - Balance sheet lease items) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Right of use asset</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 161<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Lease liability, current</a></td>
<td class="nump">138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">135<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Lease liability, non-current</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total lease liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 170<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Weighted average remaining lease term</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">1 year 3 months<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Weighted average discount rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">4.70%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4.70%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
</body>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>34
<FILENAME>R26.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253832788464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Details - Future lease payments) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear', window );">2023 (remaining)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 106<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths', window );">2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">35<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue', window );">Total lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount', window );">Less: Imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(3)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total operating lease liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 170<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease to be paid in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease having initial or remaining lease term in excess of one year to be paid in remainder of current fiscal year.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253835011824">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Mar. 31, 2023 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>ft&#178;</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Mar. 31, 2022 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments', window );">Operating Lease, Payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 34,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis=us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember', window );">Property Subject to Operating Lease [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty', window );">Operating lease footage | ft&#178;</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,581<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1', window );">Lease Expiration Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar. 31,  2024<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area of a real estate property.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AreaOfRealEstateProperty</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:areaItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date which lease or group of leases is set to expire, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseExpirationDate1</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-5<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis=us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253832537824">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Preferred Stock (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 16, 2022</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems', window );"><strong>Temporary Equity [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember', window );">Series D Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems', window );"><strong>Temporary Equity [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Temporary Equity, Par or Stated Value Per Share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.0001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement', window );">Temporary Equity, Aggregate Amount of Redemption Requirement</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,750<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized', window );">Temporary Equity, Shares Authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued', window );">Temporary Equity, Shares Issued</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding', window );">Temporary Equity, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember', window );">Series D Preferred Stock [Member] | Robert Bitterman [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems', window );"><strong>Temporary Equity [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Temporary Equity, Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,750<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(16)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate amount of redemption requirements for each class or type of redeemable stock classified as temporary equity for each of the five years following the latest balance sheet date. The redemption requirement does not constitute an unconditional obligation that will be settled in a variable number of shares constituting a monetary value predominantly indexed to (a) a fixed monetary amount known at inception, (b) an amount inversely correlated with the residual value of the entity, or (c) an amount determined by reference to something other than the fair value of issuer's stock. Does not include mandatorily redeemable stock. The exception is if redemption is required upon liquidation or termination of the reporting entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquityLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share amount of par value or stated value of stock classified as temporary equity. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (27)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 210<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of securities classified as temporary equity that are permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of securities classified as temporary equity that have been sold (or granted) to the entity's shareholders. Securities issued include securities outstanding and securities held in treasury. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of securities classified as temporary equity that have been issued and are held by the entity's shareholders. Securities outstanding equals securities issued minus securities held in treasury. Temporary equity is a security with redemption features that are outside the control of the issuer, is not classified as an asset or liability in conformity with GAAP, and is not mandatorily redeemable. Includes any type of security that is redeemable at a fixed or determinable price or on a fixed or determinable date or dates, is redeemable at the option of the holder, or has conditions for redemption which are not solely within the control of the issuer. If convertible, the issuer does not control the actions or events necessary to issue the maximum number of shares that could be required to be delivered under the conversion option if the holder exercises the option to convert the stock to another class of equity. If the security is a warrant or a rights issue, the warrant or rights issue is considered to be temporary equity if the issuer cannot demonstrate that it would be able to deliver upon the exercise of the option by the holder in all cases. Includes stock with put option held by ESOP and stock redeemable by holder only in the event of a change in control of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of new stock classified as temporary equity issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_CounterpartyNameAxis=phio_RobertBittermanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_CounterpartyNameAxis=phio_RobertBittermanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>37
<FILENAME>R29.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253831446128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stockholders' Equity (Details - Warrants outstanding) - Warrant [Member] - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">545,401<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">545,401<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">April 2018 Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,079.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 31,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,720<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,720<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">April 2018 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,676.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr.  09,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">117<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">117<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">October 2018 Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 125.40<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct.  03,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,486<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,486<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">October 2018 Underwriter Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 156.72<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct.  01,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,438<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Nov 2019 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 82.50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov. 18,  2024<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,138<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Feb 2020 Registered Direct Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 104.52<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Aug.  06,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,425<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,425<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Feb 2020 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 132.45<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb.  04,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,233<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,233<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Feb 2020 Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 48.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 13,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">110,557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">110,557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Feb 2020 Underwriter Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 60.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 11,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,501<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,501<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">April 2020 Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 26.52<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct.  02,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,691<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,691<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">April 2020 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 35.03<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Mar. 31,  2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,481<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,481<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">January 2021 Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 36.00<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 27,  2026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">285,061<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">285,061<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">January 2021 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 46.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 27,  2026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,509<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,509<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">February 2021 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 51.30<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate', window );">Warrant expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 12,  2026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding', window );">Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,044<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,044<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares', window );">Warrants issued, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares', window );">Warrants exercised, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares', window );">Warrants expired, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_WarrantsExercisedShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Warrants exercised, shares</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_WarrantsExercisedShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_WarrantsExpiredShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Warrants expired, shares</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_WarrantsExpiredShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Warrants issued, shares</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_WarrantsIssuedShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expiration date of outstanding warrant and right embodying unconditional obligation requiring redemption by transferring asset at specified or determinable date or upon event certain to occur, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_April2018WarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_April2018WarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_October2018WarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_October2018WarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020WarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020WarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_April2020WarrantsMember</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_January2021WarrantsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=phio_February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253831437504">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-based Compensation (Details - RSU activity) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">RSU's unvested units, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,335<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">RSU's beginning balance, price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 15.03<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod', window );">RSU's granted</a></td>
<td class="nump">43,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">RSU's granted, price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.24<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10.32<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod', window );">RSU's vested</a></td>
<td class="num">(18,080)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">RSU's vested, price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 16.96<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod', window );">RSU's forfeited</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">RSU's forfeited, price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">RSU's unvested units, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">72,755<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">RSU's ending balance, price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8.70<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that were forfeited during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average fair value as of the grant date of equity-based award plans other than stock (unit) option plans that were not exercised or put into effect as a result of the occurrence of a terminating event.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards issued during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of non-vested equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that validly exist and are outstanding as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or unit weighted-average fair value of nonvested award under share-based payment arrangement. Excludes share and unit options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that vested during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value as of grant date pertaining to an equity-based award plan other than a stock (or unit) option plan for which the grantee gained the right during the reporting period, by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash in accordance with the terms of the arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253834958928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-based Compensation (Details - Option activity) - Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]<br> $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Mar. 31, 2023 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Options outstanding, beginning balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">177<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,231.40<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Options granted | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, granted | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Options exercised | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercised | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod', window );">Options forfeited | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, forfeited | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod', window );">Options expired | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, expired | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Options outstanding, ending balance | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">177<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,231.40<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue', window );">Aggregate intrinsic value, ending balance | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber', window );">Option exercisable | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">177<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercisable | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 35,231.40<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1', window );">Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1D<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-1D<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> 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-Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(02)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares into which fully or partially vested stock options outstanding as of the balance sheet date can be currently converted under the option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted-average price as of the balance sheet date at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance on vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of options or other stock instruments for which the right to exercise has lapsed under the terms of the plan agreements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares under options that were cancelled during the reporting period as a result of occurrence of a terminating event specified in contractual agreements pertaining to the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(01)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which the current fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of options outstanding, including both vested and non-vested options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which option holders acquired shares when converting their stock options into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees could have acquired the underlying shares with respect to stock options of the plan that expired.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees could have acquired the underlying shares with respect to stock options that were terminated.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average per share amount at which grantees can acquire shares of common stock by exercise of options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(01)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of difference between fair value of the underlying shares reserved for issuance and exercise price of vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(02)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253833360160">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-based Compensation (Details - Share-based compensation) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Total stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 111<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 186<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember', window );">Research and Development Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Total stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">63<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember', window );">General and Administrative Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Total stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 48<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 130<span></span>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253832486624">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock-based Compensation (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Share-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 111,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 186,000<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember', window );">Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">RSU's granted, price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.24<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10.32<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Share-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 111,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 179,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue', window );">Aggregate fair value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 95,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">128,000<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems', window );"><strong>Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Share-based compensation expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,000<span></span>
</td>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted average fair value at grant date for nonvested equity-based awards issued during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(iii)(01)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of share-based awards for which the grantee gained the right by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1D<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-1D<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> 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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253832491088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Net Loss per Share (Details - Antidilutive shares) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">618,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">619,508<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember', window );">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">177<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">208<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember', window );">Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">72,755<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">73,899<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Warrant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems', window );"><strong>Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">545,401<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">545,401<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareLineItems</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_EmployeeStockOptionMember</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>43
<FILENAME>R35.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140253836984224">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events (Details Narrative) - Subsequent Event [Member]<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Apr. 20, 2023 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems', window );"><strong>Subsequent Event [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_AmendedWarrants', window );">Amended warrants</a></td>
<td class="nump">191,619<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice', window );">Amended warrants exercise price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.40<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants', window );">Proceeds from amended warrants</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">April 2023 Registered Direct Offering [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems', window );"><strong>Subsequent Event [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</a></td>
<td class="nump">353,983<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Shares Issued, Price Per Share | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.65<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity', window );">Proceeds from Issuance or Sale of Equity | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,654,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">April 2023 Registered Direct Offering [Member] | April 2023 Placement Agent Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems', window );"><strong>Subsequent Event [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares', window );">Warrants issued new, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,549<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Warrants issued new, shares | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.0625<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">April 2023 Private Placement [Member] | April 2023 Long-Term Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems', window );"><strong>Subsequent Event [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares', window );">Warrants issued new, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">353,983<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Warrants issued new, shares | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.40<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">April 2023 Private Placement [Member] | April 2023 Short-Term Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems', window );"><strong>Subsequent Event [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares', window );">Warrants issued new, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">353,983<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Warrants issued new, shares | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5.40<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_AmendedWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_AmendedWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">phio_WarrantsIssuedNewShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>phio_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the issuance of common stock, preferred stock, treasury stock, stock options, and other types of equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or per unit amount of equity securities issued.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481004/946-505-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Detail information of subsequent event by type. User is expected to use existing line items from elsewhere in the taxonomy as the primary line items for this disclosure, which is further associated with dimension and member elements pertaining to a subsequent event.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 855<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483399/855-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis=phio_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis=phio_April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=phio_April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember">
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    <us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zw4YMXfH5jI2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1. &lt;span id="xdx_820_zCLr9zjnxA48"&gt;Organization and Significant Accounting Policies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--NatureOfOperations_zHSA9OtI9uGe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_863_zAZ1ZVV5Gaqb"&gt;Nature of Operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Phio&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;
or the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Company&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) is a clinical stage biotechnology company whose proprietary INTASYL&#x2122; self-delivering RNAi technology
platform is designed to make immune cells more effective in killing tumor cells. Phio is developing therapeutics that are designed to
leverage INTASYL to precisely target specific proteins that reduce the body&#x2019;s ability to fight cancer, without the need for specialized
formulations or drug delivery systems.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Effective January 26, 2023, the Company completed
a &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_c20230125__20230126_z1EQjEkbkIZ3" title="Reverse stock split"&gt;1-for-12 reverse stock split&lt;/span&gt; of the Company&#x2019;s outstanding common stock, including reclassifying an amount equal to the reduction
in par value to additional paid-in capital. The reverse stock split did not reduce the number of authorized shares of the Company&#x2019;s
common or preferred stock. All share and per share amounts have been adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_848_eus-gaap--ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_zhXwsZNN2gAf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86B_zddshCJAoc11"&gt;Principles of Consolidation&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The condensed consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Phio and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MirImmune, LLC. All material intercompany accounts
have been eliminated in consolidation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_844_eus-gaap--BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_zdzrH6OMRREg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_867_zPSGeND6zlxh"&gt;Basis of Presentation&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The accompanying financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;GAAP&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;). Certain information and
footnote disclosures that are included in the Company&#x2019;s annual financial statements, but that are not required for interim reporting
purposes, have been condensed or omitted. Additionally, the Company made adjustments to the outstanding stock option and unvested restricted
stock unit balances, and related per share amounts, at December 31, 2022 to reflect final revisions to these outstanding equity awards
as a result of the Company&#x2019;s reverse stock split. The adjustment had no effect on the Company&#x2019;s condensed consolidated financial
statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included
in the Company&#x2019;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;SEC&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) on March 22, 2023 (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;2022 Form 10-K&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;). In the opinion of management, all
adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial
statements have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeDsCt1hJp6b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_867_zvR56aNN4rW7"&gt;Use of Estimates&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas subject to significant estimates and judgement include, among others, those
related to the fair value of equity awards, accruals for research and development expenses, useful lives of property and equipment, income
taxes, and the valuation allowance on the Company&#x2019;s deferred tax assets. On an ongoing basis the Company evaluates its estimates
and bases its estimates on historical experience and other relevant assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--LiquidityPolicyTextBlock_ziV1pgEtUcLa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86F_zVFb0o2OjLr8"&gt;Liquidity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company has reported recurring
losses from operations since inception and expects to continue to have negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future.
Historically, the Company&#x2019;s primary source of funding has been from sales of its securities. The Company&#x2019;s ability to continue
to fund its operations is dependent on obtaining funding from third parties, such as proceeds from the issuance of debt, sale of equity,
or strategic opportunities, in order to maintain its operations. This is dependent on a number of factors, including the market demand
or liquidity of the Company&#x2019;s common stock. There is no guarantee that debt, additional equity or other funding will be available
to the Company on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company fails to obtain additional funding when needed, the Company would be forced
to scale back or terminate its operations or seek to merge with or to be acquired by another company.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;









&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company has limited cash
resources, has reported recurring losses from operations since inception and has not yet received product revenues. These factors raise
substantial doubt regarding the Company&#x2019;s ability to continue as a going concern, and the Company&#x2019;s current cash resources
may not provide sufficient capital to fund operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of the release of these financial
statements. The continuation of the Company as a going concern depends upon the Company&#x2019;s ability to raise additional capital through
an equity offering, debt offering and/or strategic opportunity to fund its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will
be successful in accomplishing these plans in order to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments
to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zRl65xf6ufk7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_865_z5B8zLFvHNj5"&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;There have been no material
changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in the Company&#x2019;s 2022 Form 10-K.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_z2bjY24SNm2b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86F_zDVzxiZtC7w1"&gt;Recent Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;There have been no recent
accounting pronouncements that have significantly impacted this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, beyond those disclosed in the Company&#x2019;s
2022 Form 10-K.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
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&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Phio Pharmaceuticals Corp. (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Phio&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;
or the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Company&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) is a clinical stage biotechnology company whose proprietary INTASYL&#x2122; self-delivering RNAi technology
platform is designed to make immune cells more effective in killing tumor cells. Phio is developing therapeutics that are designed to
leverage INTASYL to precisely target specific proteins that reduce the body&#x2019;s ability to fight cancer, without the need for specialized
formulations or drug delivery systems.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Effective January 26, 2023, the Company completed
a &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit_c20230125__20230126_z1EQjEkbkIZ3" title="Reverse stock split"&gt;1-for-12 reverse stock split&lt;/span&gt; of the Company&#x2019;s outstanding common stock, including reclassifying an amount equal to the reduction
in par value to additional paid-in capital. The reverse stock split did not reduce the number of authorized shares of the Company&#x2019;s
common or preferred stock. All share and per share amounts have been adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit contextRef="From2023-01-252023-01-26">1-for-12 reverse stock split</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityReverseStockSplit>
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&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The condensed consolidated
financial statements include the accounts of Phio and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MirImmune, LLC. All material intercompany accounts
have been eliminated in consolidation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock>
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&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The accompanying financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;GAAP&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;). Certain information and
footnote disclosures that are included in the Company&#x2019;s annual financial statements, but that are not required for interim reporting
purposes, have been condensed or omitted. Additionally, the Company made adjustments to the outstanding stock option and unvested restricted
stock unit balances, and related per share amounts, at December 31, 2022 to reflect final revisions to these outstanding equity awards
as a result of the Company&#x2019;s reverse stock split. The adjustment had no effect on the Company&#x2019;s condensed consolidated financial
statements. These statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included
in the Company&#x2019;s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;SEC&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) on March 22, 2023 (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;2022 Form 10-K&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;). In the opinion of management, all
adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial
statements have been included. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:UseOfEstimates contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_849_eus-gaap--UseOfEstimates_zeDsCt1hJp6b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_867_zvR56aNN4rW7"&gt;Use of Estimates&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The preparation of financial
statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas subject to significant estimates and judgement include, among others, those
related to the fair value of equity awards, accruals for research and development expenses, useful lives of property and equipment, income
taxes, and the valuation allowance on the Company&#x2019;s deferred tax assets. On an ongoing basis the Company evaluates its estimates
and bases its estimates on historical experience and other relevant assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances.
Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:UseOfEstimates>
    <phio:LiquidityPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84A_ecustom--LiquidityPolicyTextBlock_ziV1pgEtUcLa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86F_zVFb0o2OjLr8"&gt;Liquidity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company has reported recurring
losses from operations since inception and expects to continue to have negative cash flows from operations for the foreseeable future.
Historically, the Company&#x2019;s primary source of funding has been from sales of its securities. The Company&#x2019;s ability to continue
to fund its operations is dependent on obtaining funding from third parties, such as proceeds from the issuance of debt, sale of equity,
or strategic opportunities, in order to maintain its operations. This is dependent on a number of factors, including the market demand
or liquidity of the Company&#x2019;s common stock. There is no guarantee that debt, additional equity or other funding will be available
to the Company on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company fails to obtain additional funding when needed, the Company would be forced
to scale back or terminate its operations or seek to merge with or to be acquired by another company.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;









&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company has limited cash
resources, has reported recurring losses from operations since inception and has not yet received product revenues. These factors raise
substantial doubt regarding the Company&#x2019;s ability to continue as a going concern, and the Company&#x2019;s current cash resources
may not provide sufficient capital to fund operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of the release of these financial
statements. The continuation of the Company as a going concern depends upon the Company&#x2019;s ability to raise additional capital through
an equity offering, debt offering and/or strategic opportunity to fund its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will
be successful in accomplishing these plans in order to continue as a going concern. These financial statements do not include any adjustments
to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the
Company be unable to continue as a going concern.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</phio:LiquidityPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_846_eus-gaap--SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zRl65xf6ufk7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_865_z5B8zLFvHNj5"&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;There have been no material
changes to the significant accounting policies disclosed in the Company&#x2019;s 2022 Form 10-K.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_84B_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_z2bjY24SNm2b" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_86F_zDVzxiZtC7w1"&gt;Recent Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;There have been no recent
accounting pronouncements that have significantly impacted this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, beyond those disclosed in the Company&#x2019;s
2022 Form 10-K.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_zTC4xk104kUe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2.&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_82F_znTMWiKCqRe1"&gt;Collaboration Agreement&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;i&gt;AgonOx, Inc. (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;AgonOx&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;In March 2021, the
Company entered into a clinical co-development collaboration agreement (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Clinical Co-Development Agreement&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;)
with AgonOx, a private company developing a pipeline of novel immunotherapy drugs targeting key regulators of the immune response to
cancer. Under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, Phio and AgonOx are working to develop a T cell-based therapy using the
Company&#x2019;s lead product candidate, PH-762, and AgonOx&#x2019;s &#x201c;double positive&#x201d; tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
(&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;DP TIL&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) technology. Per the terms of the Clinical Co-Development Agreement, the Company committed to provide
financial support for development costs of up to $&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--TotalContractualObligation_iI_pp0p0_c20230331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_z8xp63SJj7l9" title="Total contractual obligation"&gt;4,000,000&lt;/span&gt;
to AgonOx for expenses incurred to conduct a Phase 1 clinical trial of PH-762 treated DP TIL in subjects with advanced melanoma and
other advanced solid tumors.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company will recognize its share of costs arising
from research and development activities performed by AgonOx in the Company&#x2019;s financial statements in the period AgonOx incurs such
expense. Phio will be entitled to certain future development milestones and low single-digit sales-based royalty payments from AgonOx&#x2019;s
licensing of its DP TIL technology.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company recognized
approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ExpenseFromContractualObligations_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_z4TFt3EQZU94" title="Research and development expense"&gt;119,000&lt;/span&gt;
of expense in connection with these efforts during the three months ended March 31, 2023. &lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--ExpenseFromContractualObligations_pn3n3_do_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--TransactionTypeAxis__custom--AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember_zNcNcdpNv59h" title="Research and development expense"&gt;No&lt;/span&gt;
expense under the Clinical Co-Development Agreement was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2022.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_custom_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">4000000</phio:TotalContractualObligation>
    <phio:ExpenseFromContractualObligations
      contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_custom_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">119000</phio:ExpenseFromContractualObligations>
    <phio:ExpenseFromContractualObligations
      contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_custom_AgonOxClinicalAgreementMember"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">0</phio:ExpenseFromContractualObligations>
    <us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_z8wykeiOiov4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3.&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_826_z3ThuwVszTL"&gt;Fair Value of Financial Instruments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company follows the provisions of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;FASB&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) Accounting Standards Codification (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;ASC&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) Topic 820, &#x201c;&lt;i&gt;Fair
Value Measurement&lt;/i&gt;,&#x201d; for the Company&#x2019;s financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value
each reporting period and are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually using a fair value hierarchy that is broken down
into three levels. Level inputs are defined as follows:&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Level 1 &#x2013; quoted prices in active markets
for identical assets or liabilities.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Level 2 &#x2013; other significant observable inputs for the
assets or liabilities through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Level 3 &#x2013; significant unobservable inputs that reflect
management&#x2019;s best estimate of what market participants would use to price the assets or liabilities at the measurement date.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company
categorized its restricted cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pp0p0_c20230331__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_znH8brnaqVj7" title="Cash and cash equivalents"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pp0p0_c20221231__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member_zYLgqBXIOFsd" title="Cash and cash equivalents"&gt;50,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#160;as Level 2 hierarchy. The assets classified as Level 2 have initially been valued at the
applicable transaction price and subsequently valued, at the end of each reporting period, using other market observable data. Observable
market data points include quoted prices, interest rates, reportable trades and other industry and economic events.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The carrying amounts of cash,
accounts payable and accrued expenses of the Company approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;









</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">50000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_zWYiphMNZiGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4. &lt;span id="xdx_828_zoHzedZOYbq5"&gt;Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;In January 2019, the Company
amended the lease for its corporate headquarters and primary research facility in Marlborough, Massachusetts. The lease is for a total
of &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--AreaOfRealEstateProperty_iI_usqft_c20230331__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember_z3XzkHrcJ5ud" title="Operating lease footage"&gt;7,581&lt;/span&gt; square feet of office and laboratory space and will expire on &lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LeaseExpirationDate1_dd_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOrAvailableForOperatingLeaseAxis__us-gaap--PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember_zeiSQ3IDv18c" title="Lease Expiration Date"&gt;March 31, 2024&lt;/span&gt;. The lease contains an option to terminate after
two or three years by providing advance written notice of termination pursuant to the terms of the agreement. The exercise of this option
was not determined to be reasonably certain and thus was not included in the lease liability on the Company&#x2019;s balance sheet. The
Company did not exercise its option to terminate in either the second or third year of the lease, and the option to terminate has expired.
Additionally, the lease agreement did not contain information to determine the borrowing rate implicit in the lease. As such, the Company
calculated its incremental borrowing rate based on what the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over the lease
term for an amount equal to the remaining lease payments, taking into consideration such assumptions as, but not limited to, the U.S.
treasury yield rate and borrowing rates from a creditworthy financial institution using the above lease factors.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The lease for the Company&#x2019;s corporate headquarters represents
all of our significant lease obligations. The amounts reported in the condensed consolidated balance
sheets for the operating lease in which the Company is the lessee and other supplemental balance sheet information is set forth as follows,
in thousands, except the lease term (number of years) and discount rate:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_ecustom--SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zc2Yek4eoCO1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases - (Details - Balance sheet lease items)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zDYO1Xj2gUpa" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of lease and supplemental balance sheet information&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;December 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 66%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Right of use asset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_c20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Right of use asset"&gt;130&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Right of use asset"&gt;161&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Lease liability, current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_c20230331_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Lease liability, current"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Lease liability, current"&gt;135&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Lease liability, non-current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331_zmmkzd0S5Fc1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Lease liability, non-current"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Lease liability, non-current"&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total lease liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total lease liability"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total lease liability"&gt;170&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Lease Term and Discount Rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Weighted average remaining lease term&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20230331_zW31w8zntzRd" title="Weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;1.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20221231_zkNnx4KxnOja" title="Weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;1.25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Weighted average discount rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20230331_zmFULc3X0YR6" title="Weighted average discount rate"&gt;4.70&lt;/span&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20221231_zcuNJzaqUD62" title="Weighted average discount rate"&gt;4.70&lt;/span&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_z8DkIm6iio3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Operating lease costs included
in operating expense were $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pp0p0_c20230101__20230331_zmsvNKuWxYg" title="Operating lease cost"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331_zzqHQBju21cd" title="Operating lease cost"&gt;33,000&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Cash paid for the amounts
included in the measurement of the operating lease liability on the Company&#x2019;s condensed consolidated balance sheets and included
within changes in the lease liability in the operating activities of the Company&#x2019;s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows
was $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_c20230101__20230331_zdBqIe0w166"&gt;34,000&lt;/span&gt; and $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_c20220101__20220331_zecJG1jdoPje"&gt;33,000&lt;/span&gt; for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Future lease payments
for the Company&#x2019;s non-cancellable operating lease and a reconciliation to the carrying amount of the operating lease liability
presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 is as follows, in thousands:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zEhVRMUlQ9W" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases (Details - Future lease payments)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zobsBzVjKcuk" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of future minimum lease payments&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230331_zq212zoCYdp7" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zZlIhGaSJam7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 83%"&gt;2023 (remaining)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;106&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zINmv7jJ2m8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzEqC_zYZ2J1PEzZ0e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total lease payments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;141&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zrH4Gzz7EEVb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Less: Imputed interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total operating lease liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zpdT3VtfVLI8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AreaOfRealEstateProperty
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="sqft">7581</us-gaap:AreaOfRealEstateProperty>
    <us-gaap:LeaseExpirationDate1 contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_PropertySubjectToOperatingLeaseMember">2024-03-31</us-gaap:LeaseExpirationDate1>
    <phio:SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_ecustom--SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zc2Yek4eoCO1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases - (Details - Balance sheet lease items)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_zDYO1Xj2gUpa" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of lease and supplemental balance sheet information&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;December 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 66%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Right of use asset&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_c20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Right of use asset"&gt;130&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Right of use asset"&gt;161&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;Liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Lease liability, current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_c20230331_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Lease liability, current"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" style="text-align: right" title="Lease liability, current"&gt;135&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Lease liability, non-current&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331_zmmkzd0S5Fc1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Lease liability, non-current"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Lease liability, non-current"&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total lease liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total lease liability"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_c20221231_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total lease liability"&gt;170&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Lease Term and Discount Rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Weighted average remaining lease term&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20230331_zW31w8zntzRd" title="Weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;1.00&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20221231_zkNnx4KxnOja" title="Weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;1.25&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Weighted average discount rate&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20230331_zmFULc3X0YR6" title="Weighted average discount rate"&gt;4.70&lt;/span&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_c20221231_zcuNJzaqUD62" title="Weighted average discount rate"&gt;4.70&lt;/span&gt;%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</phio:SupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">130000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">161000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">138000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">135000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">0</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">35000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">138000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">170000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31">P1Y</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31">P1Y3M</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.0470</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="Pure">0.0470</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">34000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_pn3n3_zEhVRMUlQ9W" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Leases (Details - Future lease payments)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zobsBzVjKcuk" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of future minimum lease payments&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230331_zq212zoCYdp7" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zZlIhGaSJam7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 83%"&gt;2023 (remaining)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;106&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzEqC_zINmv7jJ2m8k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;35&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzEqC_zYZ2J1PEzZ0e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total lease payments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;141&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zrH4Gzz7EEVb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Less: Imputed interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total operating lease liability&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">106000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsRemainderOfFiscalYear>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">35000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">141000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">3000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="-3" unitRef="USD">138000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock_zDarcaQlRlyc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;5.&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_82F_zss06Fwnb9Ac"&gt;Preferred Stock&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company has authorized up to&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_c20230331_z3Swc1mFELo1" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"&gt;
10,000,000&lt;/span&gt;&#160;shares of preferred stock, $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20230331_pdd" title="Preferred stock, par value"&gt;0.0001&lt;/span&gt;
par value per share, for issuance. The Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Board&lt;/b&gt;&#x2019;) is authorized under the
Company&#x2019;s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (as may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the
&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Amended Certificate&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;), to designate the authorized preferred stock into one or more series and to fix and
determine such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of any series of preferred stock, including voting rights, dividend
rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, as shall be determined by the Board upon its
issuance.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"/&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;









&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;On November 16, 2022,
the Company issued and sold&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_902_ecustom--TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_dxL_c20221115__20221116__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember__srt--CounterpartyNameAxis__custom--RobertBittermanMember_zi51mOVYpXq3"&gt;one&lt;/span&gt;
share of the Company&#x2019;s Series D Preferred Stock, par value $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare_c20221116__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pdd"&gt;0.0001&lt;/span&gt;&#160;per
share (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Series D Preferred Stock&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) to Robert Bitterman, then its interim Executive Chairman and current Chief
Executive Officer, for $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_c20221101__20221116__srt--CounterpartyNameAxis__custom--RobertBittermanMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pp0p0"&gt;1,750&lt;/span&gt;.
The Series D Preferred Stock was entitled to&#160;17,500,000 votes per share exclusively with respect to any proposal to amend the
Company&#x2019;s Amended Certificate to effect a reverse stock split of the Company&#x2019;s common stock (&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Reverse Stock
Split&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;). The terms of the Series D Preferred Stock provided that it would be voted, without action by the holder, on any
such proposal in the same proportion as shares of the Company&#x2019;s common stock were voted. The Series D Preferred Stock
otherwise had no voting rights except as required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Series D Preferred Stock was not convertible
into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class or series of stock or other securities of the Company. The Series D Preferred Stock
had no rights with respect to any distribution of assets of the Company, including upon a liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, merger,
acquisition, sale, dissolution or winding up of the Company, whether voluntarily or involuntarily. The holder of the Series D Preferred
Stock was not entitled to receive dividends of any kind.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Under its terms, the outstanding share of Series
D Preferred Stock was to be redeemed in whole, but not in part, at any time: (i) if such redemption was approved by the Board
in its sole discretion or (ii) automatically and effective upon the approval by the Company's stockholders of a Reverse Stock Split. Upon
such redemption, the holder of the Series D Preferred Stock was entitled to receive consideration of $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_pp0p0" title="Temporary Equity, Aggregate Amount of Redemption Requirement"&gt;1,750&lt;/span&gt;&#160;in cash.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Series D Preferred Stock was redeemed in whole
on January 4, 2023, upon the approval by the Company&#x2019;s stockholders of a Reverse Stock Split, such that, at March 31, 2023, there
were &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zYVD61JDs6G9" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Authorized"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesIssued_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zyM32spAxIC9" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Issued"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding_iI_pid_do_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--SeriesDPreferredStockMember_zBwCXTldAZl8" title="Temporary Equity, Shares Outstanding"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares of Series D Preferred Stock authorized, issued or outstanding and all of the Company&#x2019;s authorized shares of preferred
stock were undesignated.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:TemporaryEquityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">10000000</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.0001</us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2022-11-16_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.0001</us-gaap:TemporaryEquityParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues
      contextRef="From2022-11-012022-11-16_custom_RobertBittermanMember_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">1750</us-gaap:TemporaryEquityStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="0"
      unitRef="USD">1750</us-gaap:TemporaryEquityAggregateAmountOfRedemptionRequirement>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_SeriesDPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:TemporaryEquitySharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_z9YWQpf7M992" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;6. &lt;span id="xdx_820_zIyB4pIy0BEd"&gt;Stockholders&#x2019; Equity&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Warrants&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The following table summarizes the Company&#x2019;s
outstanding warrants, all of which are classified as equity instruments, at March 31, 2023:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_881_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_zgeWOyGImu7i" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Details - Warrants outstanding)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_znNPqxtX81yd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of outstanding warrants&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expiration&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balance December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;
    &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balance&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
    &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;March 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Issued&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercised&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expired&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 41%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2018 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,079.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zxpalbqr6yt2" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;5/31/2023&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zISHSTBaD0g2" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,720&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zuV8xzTSDMIl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zZD6sbl813Xg" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zJCD61cdE6g1" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_z1ZN74sArQJl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,720&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2018 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,676.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zw262H4mibY8" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;4/9/2023&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zbL040bdqL0b" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;117&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zOy9wgvTriYe" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zRPXNczttXh1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zukJjgjAEMui" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zEyOaINpwLF6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;117&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;October 2018 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;125.40&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zQffJ1PJSBy5" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;10/3/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;32,486&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zqqIKivXwQWa" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_z09g9FDHUOQ9" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zytE0PlZdhgk" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;32,486&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;October 2018 Underwriter Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;156.72&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zyAYn62w7V26" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;10/1/2023&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,438&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zc7w9BXleu9e" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_z3gNy39HVIr1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zCcQXeJFaBE4" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,438&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;November 2019 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;82.50&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSqwObNiIAa7" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;11/18/2024&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,138&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zzAms03xzvQ6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z7BISX8tod8e" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMM6Jp645y02" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,138&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Registered Direct Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;104.52&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zrBGnCemgiDa" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;8/6/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,425&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_z4Aacid5vT99" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zRvA3gBj6ZZe" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zA0cZmVThVMd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,425&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;132.45&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zrfXL33oJqyc" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/4/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,233&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zy8ltTcF58Dd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlUjg2tr66h8" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zXCglguSoqI3" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,233&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;48.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zqxRi0n5sC16" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/13/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;110,557&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zgBSE7tubUEa" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zJqEgbfuMNKh" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zxS5DSvykbjc" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;110,557&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Underwriter Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;60.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zcYVZSi3CjPh" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/11/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,501&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zMEmBvNVAMA5" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zbZPKZZkTIXf" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zrOf0dYJrE2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,501&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2020 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;26.52&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_z1aeXYXBRsW5" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;10/2/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;35,691&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zWX4ursW5POc" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zLWH4kCT2yUg" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zc7R9E8u6NO6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;35,691&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;35.03&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zKPLIOHc3Noc" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;3/31/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,481&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zz2AoostoV56" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlnDvx8MVxDb" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zqTt6RnmaUkc" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,481&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;January 2021 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;36.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zLadvihhBEj8" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;7/27/2026&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;285,061&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zyDYWFturh72" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_z3xSqRB3iRF" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zHOJ8yFw0jid" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;285,061&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;January 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;46.05&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMceRZUDJyLe" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;7/27/2026&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;28,509&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zd1Y8x7UC3i2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zcc48dBsXtxd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zaJMr6hsjti" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;28,509&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;51.30&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z8S1allY6Bh2" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/12/2026&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,044&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zIjcsK4HzJEc" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z4xGSQbdxCr2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zWdCsJ7vBFye" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;14,044&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;545,401&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zlKnH03c7oa5" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zlwrPrzSlTz7" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_zLNbd6Zh8HH9" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;545,401&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;









</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_881_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock_zgeWOyGImu7i" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Details - Warrants outstanding)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_znNPqxtX81yd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of outstanding warrants&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expiration&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balance December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;
    &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Balance&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
    &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;March 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description&lt;/b&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2022&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Issued&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercised&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expired&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 41%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2018 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,079.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zxpalbqr6yt2" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;5/31/2023&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zISHSTBaD0g2" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,720&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zuV8xzTSDMIl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zZD6sbl813Xg" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_zJCD61cdE6g1" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018WarrantsMember_z1ZN74sArQJl" style="width: 7%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,720&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2018 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,676.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zw262H4mibY8" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;4/9/2023&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zbL040bdqL0b" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;117&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zOy9wgvTriYe" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zRPXNczttXh1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zukJjgjAEMui" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2018PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zEyOaINpwLF6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;117&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;October 2018 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;125.40&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zQffJ1PJSBy5" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;10/3/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;32,486&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zqqIKivXwQWa" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_z09g9FDHUOQ9" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_zytE0PlZdhgk" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;32,486&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;October 2018 Underwriter Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;156.72&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zyAYn62w7V26" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;10/1/2023&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,438&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zc7w9BXleu9e" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_z3gNy39HVIr1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zCcQXeJFaBE4" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--October2018UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,438&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;November 2019 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;82.50&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSqwObNiIAa7" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;11/18/2024&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,138&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zzAms03xzvQ6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z7BISX8tod8e" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMM6Jp645y02" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Nov2019PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,138&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Registered Direct Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;104.52&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zrBGnCemgiDa" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;8/6/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,425&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_z4Aacid5vT99" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zRvA3gBj6ZZe" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_zA0cZmVThVMd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020RegisteredDirectWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,425&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;132.45&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zrfXL33oJqyc" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/4/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,233&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zy8ltTcF58Dd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlUjg2tr66h8" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zXCglguSoqI3" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,233&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;48.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zqxRi0n5sC16" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/13/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;110,557&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zgBSE7tubUEa" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zJqEgbfuMNKh" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_zxS5DSvykbjc" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;110,557&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2020 Underwriter Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;60.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zcYVZSi3CjPh" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/11/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,501&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zMEmBvNVAMA5" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zbZPKZZkTIXf" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_983_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_zrOf0dYJrE2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--Feb2020UnderwriterWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,501&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2020 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;26.52&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_z1aeXYXBRsW5" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;10/2/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;35,691&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zWX4ursW5POc" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zLWH4kCT2yUg" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_zc7R9E8u6NO6" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;35,691&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;April 2020 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;35.03&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zKPLIOHc3Noc" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;3/31/2025&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,481&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zz2AoostoV56" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zlnDvx8MVxDb" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zqTt6RnmaUkc" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,481&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;January 2021 Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;36.00&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zLadvihhBEj8" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;7/27/2026&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;285,061&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zyDYWFturh72" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_z3xSqRB3iRF" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_zHOJ8yFw0jid" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021WarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;285,061&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td/&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;January 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;46.05&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zMceRZUDJyLe" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;7/27/2026&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20221231__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;28,509&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zd1Y8x7UC3i2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98A_ecustom--WarrantsExercisedShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zcc48dBsXtxd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--WarrantsExpiredShares_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zaJMr6hsjti" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;28,509&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"/&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;February 2021 Placement Agent Warrants&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_pdd" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;51.30&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate_iI_dd_c20230331__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__custom--February2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_z8S1allY6Bh2" title="Warrant expiration date"&gt;2/12/2026&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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    <us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember">2025-03-31</us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2022-12-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember"
      decimals="INF"
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    <phio:WarrantsIssuedShares
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      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsIssuedShares>
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      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsExercisedShares>
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      contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsExpiredShares>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_April2020PlacementAgentWarrantsMember"
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      decimals="INF"
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    <us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember">2026-07-27</us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding
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      decimals="INF"
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      contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsIssuedShares>
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      contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember"
      decimals="INF"
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      contextRef="From2023-01-012023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021WarrantsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsExpiredShares>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding
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      contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember"
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    <us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31_us-gaap_WarrantMember_custom_January2021PlacementAgentWarrantsMember">2026-07-27</us-gaap:WarrantsAndRightsOutstandingMaturityDate>
    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding
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    <phio:WarrantsIssuedShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsIssuedShares>
    <phio:WarrantsExercisedShares
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      decimals="INF"
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    <us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding
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    <phio:WarrantsIssuedShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">545401</us-gaap:ClassOfWarrantOrRightOutstanding>
    <phio:WarrantsIssuedShares
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      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">0</phio:WarrantsIssuedShares>
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      decimals="INF"
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      decimals="INF"
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    <us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_zJ0AKl1fHgQh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7. &lt;span id="xdx_826_zjCvrjV34Sl4"&gt;Stock-based Compensation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Restricted Stock Units&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Restricted stock units
(&#x201c;&lt;b&gt;RSUs&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) are issued under the Company&#x2019;s 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;2020 Plan&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;)
or as inducement grants issued outside of the 2020 Plan to new employees. RSUs are generally subject to graded vesting and the
satisfaction of certain service requirements. Upon vesting, each outstanding RSU will be settled for one share of the
Company&#x2019;s common stock. Employee RSU recipients may elect to net share settle upon vesting, in which case the Company pays the
employee&#x2019;s income taxes due upon vesting and withholds a number of shares of equal value. The fair value of the RSUs awarded
are based upon the Company&#x2019;s closing stock price at the grant date and are expensed over the requisite service period.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity of
the Company&#x2019;s RSUs for the three months ended March 31, 2023:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockUnitsAwardActivityTableTextBlock_zsZVl802Y9ck" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - RSU activity)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zibvdugq1Ix2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of RSU activity&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Number&lt;br/&gt; of Shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Grant Date Fair Value&lt;br/&gt; Per&#160;Share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 66%"&gt;Unvested units at December&#160;31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zjRrVXnOJSKk" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="RSU's unvested units, beginning balance"&gt;47,335&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z0UXePdmICXf" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="RSU's beginning balance, price per share"&gt;15.03&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's granted"&gt;43,500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's granted, price per share"&gt;5.24&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Vested&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_di_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z35Jcxu7PVhd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's vested"&gt;(18,080&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's vested, price per share"&gt;16.96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zPEm5KEJOpAa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="RSU's forfeited"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z5n28yySuWjl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="RSU's forfeited, price per share"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Unvested units at March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zypD9ZekUMwk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="RSU's unvested units, ending balance"&gt;72,755&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zcc1Yza7BUdb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="RSU's ending balance, price per share"&gt;8.70&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zefRhSS02Pcl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The weighted-average fair
value of RSUs granted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zvdRqlrDhXI7" title="RSU's granted, price per share"&gt;5.24&lt;/span&gt; and $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zaEcbCADvZUi" title="RSU's granted, price per share"&gt;10.32&lt;/span&gt;, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Stock-based compensation expense
related to RSUs was $&lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pp0p0" title="Share-based compensation expense"&gt;111,000&lt;/span&gt; and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z5rTkm4IN85b" title="Share-based compensation expense"&gt;179,000&lt;/span&gt; for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The aggregate fair value of awards that vested
during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pp0p0" title="Aggregate fair value"&gt;95,000&lt;/span&gt; and $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zE04sHa9OwJg" title="Aggregate fair value"&gt;128,000&lt;/span&gt;, respectively, which represents the market value of the
Company&#x2019;s common stock on the date that the RSUs vested.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock Options&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Stock options are available
to be issued under the 2020 Plan and are generally subject to graded vesting and the satisfaction of certain service requirements. Upon
the exercise of a stock option, the Company issues new shares and delivers them to the recipient. The Company does not expect to net share
settle to satisfy stock option exercises.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company used the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model to determine the fair value of all its option grants. The risk-free interest rate used for each grant was based upon
the yield on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities with a term similar to the expected life of the related option. The Company&#x2019;s
expected stock price volatility assumption was based upon the Company&#x2019;s own implied volatility. The expected life assumption used
for option grants was based upon the simplified method provided for under ASC 718. The dividend yield assumption was based upon the fact
that the Company has never paid cash dividends and presently has no intention of paying cash dividends.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The following table summarizes the activity of
the Company&#x2019;s stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2023:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zFcWV9LkfyMi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Option activity)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zGDRmV8OIyF" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Stock Option Activity&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Number&lt;br/&gt; of Shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Exercise&lt;br/&gt; Price&lt;br/&gt; Per Share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Aggregate&lt;br/&gt; Intrinsic&lt;br/&gt; Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNAglvAEQ4kl" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Options outstanding, beginning balance"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z3RSttD8sYv2" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance"&gt;35,231.40&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 13%; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zPqW31hdfLE" style="text-align: right" title="Options granted"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEry0cQWWIz1" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, granted"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zsVwqSBBP2b7" style="text-align: right" title="Options exercised"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_ziIXeLkXGBK8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercised"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoeJEUOnB697" style="text-align: right" title="Options forfeited"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNbYRuhbYrOb" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, forfeited"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Expired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z30tYSQsW9z6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Options expired"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoVwmFeXxjea" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, expired"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance at March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zWRI2JT4GCfd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Options outstanding, ending balance"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zuFGY5BzItua" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance"&gt;35,231.40&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zCaBUDnXU1Yl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, ending balance"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Exercisable at March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z4mqelzRIID" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Option exercisable"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zB318CYIpF28" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercisable"&gt;35,231.40&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEiK1T9wwBBi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;



&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zU5ZEqBm5Nof" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;Stock-based compensation
expense related to stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pp0p0_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zosMS5U4wK3e"&gt;7,000&lt;/span&gt;.
As of December 31, 2022, the compensation expense for all unvested stock options had been recognized in the Company&#x2019;s results of
operations.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 22.5pt"/&gt;









&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Compensation Expense Related to Equity Awards&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The following table sets forth
total stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, in thousands:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock_pn3n3_z5zRoGDGneU4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Share-based compensation)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zeLsjzvCpyC" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of stock based compensation expense&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March&#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Research and development&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;General and administrative&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;130&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total stock-based compensation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;111&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20220101__20220331_zPl2kmAFK0Sk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;186&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_zjRyAzEwGeS8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockUnitsAwardActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationRestrictedStockUnitsAwardActivityTableTextBlock_zsZVl802Y9ck" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - RSU activity)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zibvdugq1Ix2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of RSU activity&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Number&lt;br/&gt; of Shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Grant Date Fair Value&lt;br/&gt; Per&#160;Share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 66%"&gt;Unvested units at December&#160;31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zjRrVXnOJSKk" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="RSU's unvested units, beginning balance"&gt;47,335&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z0UXePdmICXf" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="RSU's beginning balance, price per share"&gt;15.03&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriod_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's granted"&gt;43,500&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's granted, price per share"&gt;5.24&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Vested&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_iN_di_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z35Jcxu7PVhd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's vested"&gt;(18,080&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="RSU's vested, price per share"&gt;16.96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zPEm5KEJOpAa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="RSU's forfeited"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeituresWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_z5n28yySuWjl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="RSU's forfeited, price per share"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Unvested units at March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zypD9ZekUMwk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="RSU's unvested units, ending balance"&gt;72,755&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_zcc1Yza7BUdb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="RSU's ending balance, price per share"&gt;8.70&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_zFcWV9LkfyMi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Option activity)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zGDRmV8OIyF" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Stock Option Activity&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Number&lt;br/&gt; of Shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Weighted-&lt;br/&gt; Average&lt;br/&gt; Exercise&lt;br/&gt; Price&lt;br/&gt; Per Share&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;Aggregate&lt;br/&gt; Intrinsic&lt;br/&gt; Value&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 52%"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNAglvAEQ4kl" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Options outstanding, beginning balance"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iS_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z3RSttD8sYv2" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, beginning balance"&gt;35,231.40&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 13%; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zPqW31hdfLE" style="text-align: right" title="Options granted"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEry0cQWWIz1" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, granted"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zsVwqSBBP2b7" style="text-align: right" title="Options exercised"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_ziIXeLkXGBK8" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercised"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoeJEUOnB697" style="text-align: right" title="Options forfeited"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zNbYRuhbYrOb" style="text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, forfeited"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Expired&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriod_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z30tYSQsW9z6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Options expired"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_d0_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zoVwmFeXxjea" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, expired"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance at March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zWRI2JT4GCfd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Options outstanding, ending balance"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iE_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zuFGY5BzItua" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, ending balance"&gt;35,231.40&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zCaBUDnXU1Yl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, ending balance"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Exercisable at March 31, 2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_z4mqelzRIID" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Option exercisable"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_iI_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zB318CYIpF28" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Weighted-average exercise price per share, exercisable"&gt;35,231.40&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_iI_pn3n3_d0_c20230331__us-gaap--AwardTypeAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_zEiK1T9wwBBi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Aggregate intrinsic value, exercisable"&gt;&#x2013;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;



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    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTextBlock_pn3n3_z5zRoGDGneU4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Stock-based Compensation (Details - Share-based compensation)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zeLsjzvCpyC" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of stock based compensation expense&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March&#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Research and development&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;General and administrative&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;48&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;130&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total stock-based compensation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230101__20230331_pn3n3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;111&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_pn3n3_c20220101__20220331_zPl2kmAFK0Sk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total stock-based compensation"&gt;186&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

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      contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember"
      decimals="-3"
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    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">48000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">130000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
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      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">111000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31"
      decimals="-3"
      unitRef="USD">186000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zoQ5lTIwZMP5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;8. &lt;span id="xdx_824_zzGqVbXR5xE6"&gt;Net Loss per Common Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The following table sets forth
the potential common shares excluded from the calculation of net loss per common share because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_884_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_z3iTKUrtlOk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%" summary="xdx: Disclosure - Net Loss per Share (Details - Antidilutive shares)"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_z5YfnilTyH91" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of anti-dilutive stock&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March&#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Options to purchase common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;208&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Unvested restricted stock units&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;72,755&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;73,899&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Warrants to purchase common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;545,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;545,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;618,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331_zfG7tK5LRACl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;619,508&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
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  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_z5YfnilTyH91" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of anti-dilutive stock&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;March&#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2022&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;Options to purchase common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;177&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--EmployeeStockOptionMember_pdd" style="width: 13%; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;208&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Unvested restricted stock units&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;72,755&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_pdd" style="text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;73,899&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Warrants to purchase common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;545,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331__us-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis__us-gaap--WarrantMember_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;545,401&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20230101__20230331_pdd" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;618,333&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_c20220101__20220331_zfG7tK5LRACl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total amount of anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share"&gt;619,508&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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      decimals="INF"
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    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2022-01-012022-03-31"
      decimals="INF"
      unitRef="Shares">619508</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock contextRef="From2023-01-01to2023-03-31">&lt;p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--SubsequentEventsTextBlock_zR8hK4ZwkAs" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9. &lt;span id="xdx_820_zenxOK39FjZe"&gt;Subsequent Events&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;On April 20, 2023, the
Company completed a registered direct offering of &lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_zqppdcphMjp1"&gt;353,983&lt;/span&gt;
shares of the Company&#x2019;s common stock at a purchase price per share of $&lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--SharesIssuedPricePerShare_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_z74CuLXX4Iv7"&gt;5.65&lt;/span&gt;.
In a concurrent private placement, the Company also issued five and one-half years Series A warrants to purchase up to &lt;span id="xdx_909_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_zkK2Zk2uPjYe" title="Warrants issued new, shares"&gt;353,983&lt;/span&gt;
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023LongTermWarrantsMember_zm00Gt7xcRAh" title="Warrants issued new, shares"&gt;5.40&lt;/span&gt;
per share and eighteen months Series B warrants to purchase up to &lt;span id="xdx_90F_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_zRrXBvt9m3Zf" title="Warrants issued new, shares"&gt;353,983&lt;/span&gt;
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PrivatePlacementMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023ShortTermWarrantsMember_zs3oDrJqF3S4" title="Warrants issued new, shares"&gt;5.40&lt;/span&gt;
per share (collectively, the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;April 2023 Financing&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;). In addition, the Company issued warrants to the placement
agent, H.C. Wainwright &amp;amp; Co., LLC, for the April 2023 Financing to purchase a total of &lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--WarrantsIssuedNewShares_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zSLLdEef7BOi" title="Warrants issued new, shares"&gt;26,549&lt;/span&gt;
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $&lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_iI_c20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--April2023PlacementAgentWarrantsMember_zizL8q0bBwy6" title="Warrants issued new, shares"&gt;7.0625&lt;/span&gt;
per share. Net proceeds to the Company from the April 2023 Financing are estimated to be approximately $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromIssuanceOrSaleOfEquity_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember__us-gaap--SubsidiarySaleOfStockAxis__custom--April2023RegisteredDirectOfferingMember_zT1ZCkCC2282"&gt;1,654,000&lt;/span&gt;
after deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;In connection with the April
2023 Financing, the Company entered into warrant amendment agreements (the &#x201c;&lt;b&gt;Warrant Amendment Agreements&lt;/b&gt;&#x201d;) with the
participating investors to amend the exercise price of certain existing warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of &lt;span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--AmendedWarrants_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zpPcYO43GCWe" title="Amended warrants"&gt;191,619&lt;/span&gt; shares of common
stock that were previously issued in April 2018 through January 2021, such that each of the amended warrants have an exercise price of
$&lt;span id="xdx_900_ecustom--AmendedWarrantsExercisePrice_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zzRKUrVrwQme" title="Amended warrants exercise price"&gt;5.40&lt;/span&gt; per share. The Company received $&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--ProceedsFromAmendmentOfWarrants_c20230401__20230420__us-gaap--SubsequentEventTypeAxis__us-gaap--SubsequentEventMember_zOHDPd1TgXpd" title="Proceeds from amended warrants"&gt;24,000&lt;/span&gt; as consideration in connection with the Warrant Amendment Agreements.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;The Company is currently reviewing
the accounting for the warrants issued in the April 2023 Financing and for the warrants amended under the Warrant Amendment Agreements.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

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<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>45
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   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "Section": "50",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "230",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8",
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef"
  }
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}
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
