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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

| Form | 10-Q |

(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-39186

ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | 81-2974255 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
3027 Townsgate Road Suite 300 Westlake Village, California (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | 91361 (Zip Code)

(805) 418-5006
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 | ARQT | The Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☒
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of May 10, 2024 was 115,764,164.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may be forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “targets,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to statements regarding our future results of operations and financial position, industry and business trends, stock compensation, business strategy, plans, market growth, commercialization of approved products, and our objectives for future operations.
The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are only predictions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, the important factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and have filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the understanding that our actual future results, levels of activity, performance, and achievements may be materially different from what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, whether as a result of any new information, future events, or otherwise.

INDEX

|  | Page
PART I | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 4
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 5
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 17
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 27
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 28
PART II | OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 29
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 29
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 29
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 29
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 29
Item 5. | Other Information | 29
Item 6. | Exhibits | 30
Signatures |  |

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
aItem 1. Financial Statements
ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and par value)

| March 31, |  | December 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
| (unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 190,097 |  |  | $ | 88,398 |
Restricted cash | 617 |  |  | 925 |
Marketable securities | 213,769 |  |  | 183,463 |
Trade receivables, net | 37,154 |  |  | 25,807 |
Inventories | 13,247 |  |  | 13,134 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 13,178 |  |  | 18,704 |
Total current assets | 468,062 |  |  | 330,431 |
Property, plant, and equipment, net | 1,369 |  |  | 1,539 |
Intangible assets, net | 6,250 |  |  | 6,438 |
Operating lease right-of-use asset | 2,264 |  |  | 2,361 |
Other assets | 596 |  |  | 596 |
Total assets | $ | 478,541 |  |  | $ | 341,365 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 12,969 |  |  | $ | 11,992 |
Accrued liabilities | 33,584 |  |  | 33,941 |
Operating lease liability | 756 |  |  | 735 |
Total current liabilities | 47,309 |  |  | 46,668 |
Operating lease liability, noncurrent | 3,181 |  |  | 3,382 |
Long-term debt, net | 202,803 |  |  | 201,799 |
Other long-term liabilities | 306 |  |  | 849 |
Total liabilities | 253,599 |  |  | 252,698 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023; no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 115,505,437 and 96,787,343 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | 12 |  |  | 9 |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,242,349 |  |  | 1,070,558 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (133) |  |  | 4 |
Accumulated deficit | (1,017,286) |  |  | (981,904) |
Total stockholders’ equity | 224,942 |  |  | 88,667 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 478,541 |  |  | $ | 341,365 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
1

Table of Contents
ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Revenues: |  |  |
Product revenue, net | $ | 21,569 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |
Other revenue | 28,000 |  |  | — |
Total revenues | 49,569 |  |  | 2,781 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |
Cost of sales | 3,256 |  |  | 783 |
Research and development | 23,141 |  |  | 35,345 |
Selling, general, and administrative | 54,794 |  |  | 42,918 |
Total operating expenses | 81,191 |  |  | 79,046 |
Loss from operations | (31,622) |  |  | (76,265) |
Other income (expense): |  |  |
Other income, net | 4,044 |  |  | 3,207 |
Interest expense | (7,480) |  |  | (7,042) |
Loss before income taxes | (35,058) |  |  | (80,100) |
Provision for income taxes | 324 |  |  | — |
Net loss | $ | (35,382) |  |  | $ | (80,100) |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |
Unrealized income (loss) on marketable securities | (116) |  |  | 724 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | (21) |  |  | (52) |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (137) |  |  | $ | 672 |
Comprehensive loss | $ | (35,519) |  |  | $ | (79,428) |
Per share information: |  |  |
Net loss per share, basic and diluted | $ | (0.32) |  |  | $ | (1.31) |
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic and diluted | 111,048,525 |  |  | 61,169,089 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
2

Table of Contents

ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (In thousands, except share data) (unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance—December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  | 96,787,349 |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 1,070,558 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (981,904) |  |  | $ | 88,667 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of shares of common stock net of discount and issuance costs of $10,820 |  |  |  |  |  | 18,157,895 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 161,679 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 161,682 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options |  |  |  |  |  | 21,863 |  |  | — |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of common stock upon the vesting of restricted stock units |  |  |  |  |  | 538,330 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,030 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,030 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized loss on marketable securities |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (116) |  |  | — |  |  | (116) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (21) |  |  | — |  |  | (21) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (35,382) |  |  | (35,382) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance—March 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  | 115,505,437 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 1,242,349 |  |  | $ | (133) |  |  | $ | (1,017,286) |  |  | $ | 224,942 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Accumulated Deficit |  | Total Stockholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance—December 31, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  | 61,037,403 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 930,425 |  |  | $ | (1,086) |  |  | $ | (719,764) |  |  | $ | 209,581 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options |  |  |  |  |  | 31,497 |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Issuance of common stock upon the vesting of restricted stock units |  |  |  |  |  | 285,314 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lapse of repurchase rights related to common stock issued pursuant to early exercises |  |  |  |  |  | 3,718 |  |  | — |  |  | 37 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 37 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,479 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,479 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain on marketable securities |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 724 |  |  | — |  |  | 724 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (52) |  |  | — |  |  | (52) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (80,100) |  |  | (80,100) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance—March 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  | 61,357,932 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 940,004 |  |  | $ | (414) |  |  | $ | (799,864) |  |  | $ | 139,732 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (35,382) |  |  | $ | (80,100) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation | 170 |  |  | 175 |
Non-cash lease expense | 97 |  |  | 87 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 188 |  |  | 188 |
Net accretion on marketable securities | (1,725) |  |  | (2,161) |
Non-cash interest expense | 1,004 |  |  | 994 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 10,030 |  |  | 9,479 |
Changes in fair value of embedded derivative instrument | (543) |  |  | — |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts receivable, net | (11,347) |  |  | (4,311) |
Inventories | (113) |  |  | (1,037) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 5,538 |  |  | (2,415) |
Accounts payable | 992 |  |  | 3,376 |
Accrued liabilities | (332) |  |  | (4,459) |
Operating lease liabilities | (180) |  |  | (160) |
Net cash used in operating activities | (31,603) |  |  | (80,344) |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Purchases of marketable securities | (105,952) |  |  | (39,667) |
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities | 77,255 |  |  | 147,500 |
Purchases of property and equipment | — |  |  | (82) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (28,697) |  |  | 107,751 |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | 82 |  |  | 100 |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs | 161,682 |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by financing activities | 161,764 |  |  | 100 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (73) |  |  | (52) |
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | 101,391 |  |  | 27,455 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | 89,323 |  |  | 54,875 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 190,714 |  |  | $ | 82,330 |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING INFORMATION: |  |  |
Interest expense paid in cash | $ | 6,512 |  |  | $ | 5,999 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
1. Organization and Description of Business
Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc., or the Company, is a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing treatments for dermatological diseases with high unmet medical needs. The Company’s strategy is to focus on validated biological targets and to use its drug development platform and deep dermatology expertise to develop differentiated products that have the potential to address the major shortcomings of existing therapies in its targeted indications.
The Company received U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") approval of its first product, ZORYVE® (roflumilast) cream 0.3% ("ZORYVE cream"), on July 29, 2022, for the treatment of plaque psoriasis, including intertriginous psoriasis, in individuals 12 years of age and older (subsequently approved down to 6 years old), and began U.S. commercialization in August 2022. The Company also received Health Canada approval of ZORYVE cream in plaque psoriasis on April 28, 2023 and began Canadian commercialization in June 2023. The Company received FDA approval of ZORYVE® (roflumilast) topical foam 0.3% ("ZORYVE foam"), on December 15, 2023, for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in individuals 9 years of age and older, and began U.S. commercialization in late January 2024.
Initial Public Offering and Follow-On Financings
On February 4, 2020, the Company closed an initial public offering ("IPO") issuing and selling shares of its common stock receiving aggregate net proceeds of approximately $167.2 million. The company completed subsequent public sales of its common stock in October 2020, February 2021, August 2022 and October 2023, receiving aggregate net proceeds of $93.4 million, $207.5 million, $161.6 million and $95.8 million, respectively.
In addition to the sale of common stock, the offering completed in October 2023 consisted of prefunded warrants to purchase 7,500,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $2.4999 per underlying share of common stock. The exercise price of the warrants is $0.0001 per underlying share of common stock. The prefunded warrants are exercisable at any time on or after their original issuance, and were not exercised as of March 31, 2024.
On February 28, 2024, the Company completed an offering relating to the sale of 15,789,474 shares of the Company's common stock at $9.50 per share. The Company also granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional 2,368,421 shares at $9.50 per share, which the underwriters exercised in full on February 29, 2024. The aggregate net proceeds to the Company was $161.7 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company.
At-the-Market ("ATM") Offerings
On May 6, 2021, the Company entered into a sales agreement ("Sales Agreement") with Cowen and Company, LLC ("Cowen"), under which the Company may from time to time issue and sell shares of its common stock through ATM offerings for an aggregate offering price of up to $100.0 million. Cowen will act as the Company's sales agent for the ATM program and is entitled to compensation for its services equal to 3% of the gross proceeds of any shares of common stock sold under the Sales Agreement. In March 2022, the Company sold 882,353 shares under the ATM for $17.00 per share and received $14.5 million in net proceeds. In December 2023, the Company sold 1,250,000 shares under the ATM for $2.60 per share and received $3.1 million in net proceeds.
In January 2024, the Company amended and restated its Sales Agreement with Cowen, to reset the shares available for sale, from time to time, through the Company's ATM equity offering program to such number of shares as would generate aggregate gross sales proceeds of up to $100.0 million. All terms are substantially the same as the original Sales Agreement entered into in May 2021. The Company has not yet issued or sold any common stock under the amended and restated Sales Agreement.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Liquidity
The Company has incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations since its inception and had an accumulated deficit of $1,017.3 million and $981.9 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Management expects to continue to incur operating losses. The Company had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities of $404.5 million and $272.8 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company has $200.0 million outstanding under the Loan Agreement as of March 31, 2024. See Note 7.
The Company believes that its existing capital resources will be sufficient to meet the projected operating requirements for at least 12 months from the date of issuance of its financial statements. If the Company's available cash and marketable securities and anticipated future cash flows from operations are insufficient to satisfy its liquidity requirements, the Company may need to raise additional capital to fund its operations. No assurance can be given as to whether additional needed financing will be available on terms acceptable to the Company, if at all. If sufficient funds on acceptable terms are not available when needed, the Company may be required to curtail certain planned activities. Failure to manage discretionary spending or raise additional financing, as needed, may adversely impact the Company’s ability to achieve its intended business objectives and have an adverse effect on its results of operations and future prospects.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP"). The condensed consolidated financial statements include the Company's wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates such estimates and assumptions for continued reasonableness. In particular, management makes estimates with respect to revenue recognition, accruals for research and development activities, stock-based compensation expense, and income taxes. Appropriate adjustments, if any, to the estimates used are made prospectively based upon such periodic evaluation. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
The interim condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024, the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, and the condensed consolidated changes in convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are unaudited. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s audited annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial information. The financial data and the other financial information disclosed in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements related to the three month periods are also unaudited. The condensed consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any other future annual or interim period. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. Therefore, these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Significant Accounting Policies
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
There have been no significant changes to the accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in Note 2 Company’s audited financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Restricted Cash
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held $0.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of restricted cash as collateral for a letter of credit related to the Company's amended office space lease.
Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and accounts receivable. The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of a default by either the financial institutions holding its cash or by its customers owing trade receivables to the extent recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. To manage accounts receivable credit risk, the Company continuously evaluates the creditworthiness of its customers and the need for an allowance for potential credit losses.
Fair Value Measurement
The Company’s financial instruments, in addition to those presented in Note 4, include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and long-term debt. The carrying amount of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their fair values due to their short maturities. As the long-term debt is subject to variable interest rates that are based on market rates which regularly reset, the Company believes that the carrying value of the long-term debt approximates its fair value.
Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis on the condensed consolidated balance sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair values. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or an exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows:
Level 1—Observable inputs such as unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date;
Level 2—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active;
Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to apply the disclosure requirements in ASU 2023-07, as well as all existing segment disclosures and reconciliation requirements in ASC 280 on an interim and annual basis. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2023-07.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
3. Revenue
Revenues are recognized under guidance within ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The following table presents the Company's disaggregated revenue for the periods presented (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
ZORYVE cream | $ | 15,026 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |
ZORYVE foam | 6,543 |  |  | — |
Total product revenue, net | 21,569 |  |  | 2,781 |
Other revenue | 28,000 |  |  | — |
Total revenues | $ | 49,569 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |

Other revenue relates to the Sato and Huadong licensing agreements. See Note 6.
4. Fair Value Measurements
The following table sets forth the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |
Money market funds(1) | $ | 169,927 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 169,927 |
Commercial paper | — |  |  | 6,958 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,958 |
Corporate debt securities | — |  |  | 96,400 |  |  | — |  |  | 96,400 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 130,581 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 130,581 |
Total assets | $ | 300,508 |  |  | $ | 103,358 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 403,866 |

______________
(1)This balance includes cash requirements settled on a nightly basis.

| December 31, 2023
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Assets: |
Money market funds(1) | $ | 73,544 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 73,544 |
Commercial paper | — |  |  | 11,806 |  | — |  |  | 11,806 |
Corporate debt securities | — |  |  | 59,954 |  | — |  |  | 59,954 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 126,557 |  | — |  | — |  |  | 126,557 |
Total assets | $ | 200,101 |  | $ | 71,760 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 271,861 |

______________
(1)This balance includes cash requirements settled on a nightly basis.
Money market funds and U.S. Treasury securities are valued based on quoted market prices in active markets, with no valuation adjustment.
Commercial paper and corporate debt securities are valued taking into consideration valuations obtained from third-party pricing services. The pricing services utilize industry standard valuation models, including both income and market-based approaches, for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly, to estimate fair value. These inputs include reported trades of and broker/dealer quotes on the same or similar securities; issuer credit spreads; benchmark securities; prepayment/default projections based on historical data; and other observable inputs.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
The following table summarizes the estimated value of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and the gross unrealized holding gains and losses (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024
| Amortized cost |  | Unrealized gains |  | Unrealized losses |  | Estimated fair value
Cash and cash equivalents: |
Money market funds(1) | $ | 169,927 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 169,927 |
Corporate debt securities | 10,276 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,276 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 9,894 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,894 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | $ | 190,097 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 190,097 |
Marketable securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial paper | $ | 6,962 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | 6,958 |
Corporate debt securities | 86,131 |  |  | 18 |  |  | (25) |  |  | 86,124 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 120,692 |  |  | 7 |  |  | (12) |  |  | 120,687 |
Total marketable securities | $ | 213,785 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | (41) |  |  | $ | 213,769 |

______________
(1)This balance includes cash requirements settled on a nightly basis.

| December 31, 2023
| Amortized cost |  | Unrealized gains |  | Unrealized losses |  | Estimated fair value
Cash and cash equivalents: |
Money market funds(1) | $ | 73,544 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 73,544 |
Corporate debt securities | 14,851 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,854 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | $ | 88,395 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 88,398 |
Marketable securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial paper | $ | 11,817 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (12) |  |  | $ | 11,806 |
Corporate debt securities | 45,056 |  |  | 45 |  |  | (1) |  |  | 45,100 |
U.S. Treasury securities | 126,492 |  |  | 82 |  |  | (17) |  |  | 126,557 |
Total marketable securities | $ | 183,365 |  |  | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | (30) |  |  | $ | 183,463 |

______________
(1)This balance includes cash requirements settled on a nightly basis.
Realized gains or losses on investments for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were not material. As of March 31, 2024, it was determined that no credit losses exist, because the change in market value of those securities resulted from fluctuations in market interest rates since the time of purchase, rather than a deterioration of the credit worthiness of the issuers. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all securities have a maturity of 18 months or less and all securities with gross unrealized losses have been in a continuous loss position for less than one year. The Company generally holds its marketable securities until maturity and does not intend to sell, and is not required to sell, the investments that are in an unrealized loss position before the recovery of their amortized cost basis.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
The following table summarizes the change in the fair value of the embedded derivative instrument for the three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands). There was no activity for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

| March 31,
| 2024
Beginning balance | $ | 849
Gain from changes in fair value | (543)
Ending balance | $ | 306

The fair value of the Company’s embedded derivative instrument is based on significant inputs not observed in the market, and thus represents a Level 3 measurement. Refer to Note 7 for further discussion on the embedded derivative instrument.
5. Balance Sheet Components
Inventories
The components of inventory are summarized as follows (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Raw materials | $ | 8,202 |  |  | $ | 9,951 |
Work in progress | 2,303 |  |  | 486 |
Finished goods | 2,742 |  |  | 2,697 |
Total inventories | $ | 13,247 |  |  | $ | 13,134 |

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Prepaid insurance | $ | 1,953 |  |  | $ | 864 |
Prepaid clinical trial costs | 1,533 |  |  | 1,024 |
Prepaid co-pay assistance program | — |  |  | 8,608 |
Other prepaid expenses and current assets | 9,692 |  |  | 8,208 |
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 13,178 |  |  | $ | 18,704 |

Accrued Liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Accrued sales deductions | $ | 16,651 |  |  | $ | 11,578 |
Accrued compensation | 7,476 |  |  | 14,872 |
Clinical trial accruals | 3,425 |  |  | 4,192 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 6,032 |  |  | 3,299 |
Total accrued liabilities | $ | 33,584 |  |  | $ | 33,941 |

6. License Agreements & Acquisition
Sato License Agreement
On February 27, 2024, the Company entered into a License Agreement with Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (“Sato”). Pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement, the Company grants to Sato an exclusive, sublicensable
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
(under certain circumstances) license under certain patent rights and know-how controlled by the Company for Sato to develop, conduct medical affairs activities for, manufacture, commercialize, and otherwise exploit roflumilast formulations (the “Licensed Products”) for all therapeutic uses for certain dermatological indications in humans (the “Field”) in Japan (the "Territory").
The License Agreement sets forth each party’s respective obligations with respect to the development, medical affairs activities, manufacture and supply, and commercialization of the Licensed Products. Pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement, Sato will, at its expense, develop, obtain regulatory approval for, commercialize, and conduct medical affairs activities related to the Licensed Products in the Field in Japan, subject to certain of the Company’s approval and oversight rights.
Pursuant to the terms of the License Agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $25.0 million and will potentially receive additional payments (i) up to an aggregate amount of $10.0 million upon the achievement of certain regulatory milestones and (ii) up to an aggregate amount of $30.0 million upon the achievement of certain sales milestones. In addition, on a Licensed Product-by-Licensed Product basis, commencing from the first commercial sale of such Licensed Product in Japan until the latest of (i) the expiration of the last valid claim in the intellectual property rights licensed by the Company to Sato under the License Agreement covering such Licensed Product in Japan, (ii) the expiration of regulatory exclusivity for such Licensed Product in Japan, or (iii) ten years after the first commercial sale of such Licensed Product in Japan, the Company will receive low double-digit to mid-teen double-digit percentage royalties on Sato’s, its affiliates’ and sublicensees’ total annual net sales of all Licensed Products, subject to certain royalty reductions.
The term of the License Agreement continues until, on a Licensed Product-by-Licensed Product basis, the expiration of the Royalty Term. The License Agreement may be terminated by either party in its entirety if the other party commits a material breach, subject to a cure period, or if the other party becomes insolvent. Sato may terminate the License Agreement at-will in its entirety upon 90 days’ written notice. Unless unenforceable under applicable law, the Company may terminate the License Agreement in its entirety if Sato, its affiliate or sublicensee contests or assists a third party in contesting the scope, validity or enforceability of any patent or patent application licensed by the Company to Sato. The Company may also terminate the License Agreement if Sato or any director, officers, employee, agent, affiliate, sublicensee, or subcontractor is charged by a governmental authority for a violation of any anti-corruption, anti-money laundering, sanctions or export or import control laws or regulations, or, subject to the terms of the License Agreement, if Sato, its affiliates and sublicensees do not conduct any material development or commercialization activities of a Licensed Product in Japan for a certain period of time.
Other revenue under the Sato agreement was $25.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Huadong License and Collaboration Agreement
In August 2023, the Company entered into a license and collaboration agreement with Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (“Huadong”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Huadong Medicine Co., Ltd. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the Company granted to Huadong an exclusive, sublicensable (under certain circumstances) license under certain patent rights and know-how controlled by the Company for Huadong to develop, conduct medical affairs activities for, manufacture, commercialize, and otherwise exploit both cream and foam topical roflumilast for all therapeutic uses for certain dermatological indications ("Huadong Licensed Products") in Greater China (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan) and Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Singapore, The Philippines, Thailand, Myanmar, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, and Vietnam) ("Huadong Territories").
Huadong will, at its expense, develop, obtain regulatory approval for, commercialize, and conduct medical affairs activities for the Huadong Licensed Products, subject to certain of the Company’s approval and oversight rights. The Company will retain exclusive rights for the development, manufacture and commercialization of topical roflumilast outside the Huadong Territories.
As consideration for the rights granted under the Huadong Agreement, Huadong paid the Company a non-refundable upfront fee pursuant to the terms of the agreement, upon closing in September 2023. The Company received a net payment of $27.0 million, which consisted of a $30.0 million upfront payment less the applicable tax withholding obligation in China of $3.0 million. In addition, the Company received a payment of $3.0 million in March 2024 related to the achievement of a development and regulatory milestone. The Company may also potentially receive additional payments: (i) up to an aggregate amount of $21.0 million upon the achievement of
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
certain development and regulatory milestones, (ii) up to an aggregate amount of $40.3 million upon the achievement of certain sales milestones, and (iii) low double-digit to high-teen double-digit tiered percentage royalties on net sales of the Huadong Licensed Products.
The term of the Huadong Agreement continues on a Licensed Product-by-Licensed Product and country or region-by-country or region basis, until the expiration of the Royalty Term, which is: (i) the date of expiration of the last valid patent claim related to the Huadong Licensed Products, (ii) ten years after the first commercial sale of a the Huadong Licensed Product and (iii) the expiration of any regulatory exclusivity as to a Huadong Licensed Product. The License Agreement may be terminated by both parties under certain circumstances.
For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $3.0 million of Other revenue and $0.3 million of income tax expense related to the achievement of a development and regulatory milestone. No milestones were achieved for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
7. Long-term debt
On December 22, 2021, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement, or Loan Agreement, with SLR Investment Corp. ("SLR") and the lenders party thereto. The Loan Agreement was amended and restated on January 10, 2023 to include Arcutis Canada, Inc. as a borrower and party to the Loan Agreement. The lenders agreed to extend term loans to the Company in an aggregate principal amount of up to $225.0 million, comprised of (i) a tranche A term loan of $75.0 million, (ii) a tranche B-1 term loan of $50.0 million, (iii) a tranche B-2 term loan of up to $75.0 million, available in minimum increments of $15.0 million, and (iv) a tranche C term loan of up to $25.0 million (Term Loans). As security for the obligations under the Loan Agreement, the Company granted SLR, for the benefit of the lenders, a continuing security interest in substantially all of the Company's assets, including its intellectual property, subject to certain exceptions.
On November 1, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the Loan Agreement with SLR. Pursuant to the amendment, the terms of the Loan Agreement were revised to, among others, (i) eliminate the undrawn tranche C term loan of up to $25.0 million, (ii) modify the financial covenant relating to minimum net product revenue, and (iii) include an additional minimum financing covenant.
The tranche A term loan under the Loan Agreement was funded on December 22, 2021 in the amount of $75.0 million. With the approval of ZORYVE cream on July 29, 2022, the tranche B term loans were funded and the Company received $125.0 million on August 2, 2022. The amended Loan Agreement provides for term loans to the Company in aggregate principal amount of up to $200.0 million, which amounts were fully drawn as of December 31, 2023.
Principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans will accrue interest at a floating rate equal to the applicable rate in effect from time to time, as determined by SLR on the third business day prior to the funding date of the applicable Term Loan and on the first business day of the month prior to each payment date of each Term Loan. The applicable rate is a per annum interest rate equal to 7.45% plus the greater of (a) 0.10% and (b) the per annum rate published by the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. (or on any successor or substitute published rate) for a term of one month, subject to a replacement with an alternate benchmark rate and spread in certain circumstances. Starting in July 2023, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for a term of one month was substituted for the benchmark rate. On March 31, 2024, the rate was 12.87%. The maturity date for each term loan is January 1, 2027.
Commencing on February 1, 2022, interest payments are payable monthly following the funding of any Term Loan. Any principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans, if not repaid sooner, are due and payable on January 1, 2027, or the Maturity Date. The Company may voluntarily prepay principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans in minimum increments of $5.0 million, subject to a prepayment premium of 1.0% of the principal amount of such Term Loan so prepaid after December 22, 2023 and prior to December 22, 2025.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
If the Term Loans are accelerated due to, among others, the occurrence of a bankruptcy or insolvency event, the Company is required to make mandatory prepayments of (i) all principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the prepayment date, (ii) any fees applicable by reason of such prepayment, (iii) the prepayment premiums set forth in the paragraph above, plus (iv) all other obligations that are due and payable, including expenses and interest at the Default Rate (as defined below) with respect to any past due amounts.
The Loan Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, among others, requirements as to financial reporting and insurance and restrictions on the Company’s ability to dispose of its business or property, to change its line of business, to liquidate or dissolve, to enter into any change in control transaction, to merge or consolidate with any other entity or to acquire all or substantially all the capital stock or property of another entity, to incur additional indebtedness, to incur liens on its property, to pay any dividends or other distributions on capital stock other than dividends payable solely in capital stock or to redeem capital stock. The Company also agreed to a financial covenant whereby, beginning with the month ending December 31, 2023, the Company must generate net product revenue in excess of specified amounts for applicable measuring periods pursuant to the Loan Agreement.
In addition, the Loan Agreement contains customary events of default that entitle the lenders to cause any indebtedness under the Loan Agreement to become immediately due and payable, and to exercise remedies against the Company and the collateral securing the Term Loans. Under the Loan Agreement, an event of default will occur if, among other things, the Company fails to make payments under the Loan Agreement, the Company breaches any of the covenants under the Loan Agreement, subject to specified cure periods with respect to certain breaches, the lenders determine that a material adverse change has occurred, or the Company or the Company's assets become subject to certain legal proceedings, such as bankruptcy proceedings. Upon the occurrence and for the duration of an event of default, an additional default interest rate, or the Default Rate, equal to 4.0% per annum will apply to all obligations owed under the Loan Agreement. The prepayment upon default and other potential additional interest provisions under the Loan Agreement were determined to be a compound embedded derivative instrument to be bifurcated from the loan and accounted for as a separate liability for accounting purposes under the guidance in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. At the inception of the Loan Agreement, the fair value of the embedded derivative was determined to be immaterial. The embedded derivative instrument is remeasured at fair value each reporting period with any future changes in fair value reported in Other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized $0.5 million gain in Other income, net related to the change in fair value of the embedded derivative instrument. The fair value of the embedded derivative instrument as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was a liability of $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, and is included in Other-long term liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. See Note 4.
I n connection with the Loan Agreement, the Company paid a closing fee of $1.0 million on December 22, 2021, and is further obligated to pay (i) a final fee equal to 6.95% of the aggregate original principal amount of the Term Loans funded upon the earliest to occur of the Maturity Date, the acceleration of any Term Loan and the prepayment, refinancing, substitution, or replacement of any Term Loan and (ii) a certain amount of lenders’ expenses incurred in connection with the execution of the Loan Agreement. Additionally, in connection with the Loan Agreement, the Company entered into an Exit Fee Agreement, whereby the Company agreed to pay an exit fee in the amount of 3.0% of each Term Loan funded upon (i) any change of control transaction or (ii) a revenue milestone, calculated on a trailing six month basis. Notwithstanding the prepayment or termination of the Term Loan, the exit fee will expire 10 years from the date of the Loan Agreement.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Pursuant to the amendment, the modified financial covenant requires the Company to generate a minimum net product revenue equal to 75% of its projected net product revenue as set forth in the Company's annual plan for the respective period, tested on a trailing 12 month basis for the month ending December 31, 2023 and then tested on a trailing six month basis, as of the end of each month, for the month ending January 31, 2024 and each month thereafter. Pursuant to the amendment, each annual plan shall be approved by the Company’s board of directors and SLR, in its capacity as collateral agent, in its reasonable discretion. Any failure by the Company to deliver such annual plan on or before December 15 of the prior year shall be an immediate event of default. In addition, the Company agreed to raise at least $31.0 million in net cash proceeds, during the period commencing on November 1, 2023 and ending on April 1, 2024, from (a) the sale or issuance of the Company’s equity interests, (b) business development or collaboration agreements (including upfront, milestone, royalty, and other payments), or (c) subordinated debt, in each case as permitted pursuant to the terms of the Loan Agreement. The Company raised the required capital during the first quarter of 2024 and was in compliance with all financing covenants under the Loan Agreement as of March 31, 2024.
The debt issuance costs have been recorded as a debt discount which are being accreted to interest expense through the maturity date of the term loan. Interest expense is calculated using the effective interest method, and is inclusive of non-cash amortization of debt issuance costs. The final maturity payment of $13.7 million is recognized over the life of the term loan through interest expense. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the effective interest rate was 14.79% and 13.79%, respectively. Interest expense relating to the term loan for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $7.5 million and $7.0 million, respectively.
The following summarizes additional information related to the Company's long-term debt (in thousands):

| March 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Long-term debt, gross | $ | 200,000 |  |  | $ | 200,000 |
Accrued final fee | 5,625 |  |  | 4,876 |
Unamortized debt issuance costs | (2,822) |  |  | (3,077) |
Long-term debt, net | $ | 202,803 |  |  | $ | 201,799 |

Upon the contractual maturity of the Company's long term debt, a payment of principal and final fees of $213.9 million is due on January 1, 2027.
8. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock Option Exchange Program
On January 16, 2024, the Company commenced an offer to certain eligible employees and consultants to exchange certain outstanding eligible options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock for a lesser number of RSUs pursuant to an option exchange program (the “Option Exchange”). The Option Exchange expired on February 12, 2024. Pursuant to the Option Exchange, eligible option holders elected to exchange, and the Company accepted for cancellation, eligible options to purchase an aggregate of 5,059,129 shares of the Company’s common stock, representing approximately 98% of the total shares of common stock underlying the eligible options. On February 13, 2024, immediately following the expiration of the Option Exchange, the Company granted 2,129,594 shares of Replacement RSU Awards, pursuant to the terms of the Option Exchange. The Replacement RSU Awards will vest based on continued service with the Company over a period of either 1, 2 or 3 years, depending on the grant date of the exchanged options.
The exchange of stock options was treated as a modification for accounting purposes, which requires an incremental expense of $8.6 million to be recognized for the Replacement RSU Awards over their new service
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
periods (1 - 3 years). In addition, any unamortized expense remaining on the exchanged options as of the modification will be recognized over their original remaining service period.
Stock Option Activity
The following summarizes option activity:

| Number of Options |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  | Remaining Contractual Term (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value ($, in thousands)
Balance—December 31, 2023 | 7,919,699 |  |  | $ | 18.52 |  |  | 7.35 |  | $ | 1,435 |
Granted | 2,904,500 |  |  | 3.84 |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | (21,863) |  |  | 3.82 |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited(1) | (5,157,144) |  |  | 23.15 |  |  |  |  |
Expired | (171,428) |  |  | 23.21 |  |  |  |  |
Balance—March 31, 2024 | 5,473,764 |  |  | $ | 6.28 |  |  | 8.08 |  | $ | 28,716 |
Exercisable—March 31, 2024(2) | 1,936,138 |  |  | $ | 9.39 |  |  | 5.20 |  | $ | 8,798 |

______________
(1)The number of stock options forfeited includes those exchanged in the Option Exchange as described above.
(2)Options exercisable includes early exercisable options.
The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock as of March 31, 2024. The intrinsic value of options exercised for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
The total grant-date fair value of the options vested during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $0.5 million and $6.2 million, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of employee options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $2.71 and $10.93, respectively.
Restricted Stock Unit Activity
The following table summarizes information regarding the Company's RSUs:

| Number of Units |  | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Balance—December 31, 2023 | 2,929,602 |  |  | $ | 15.24 |
Granted(1) | 4,715,094 |  |  | 4.03 |
Vested | (538,955) |  |  | 17.71 |
Forfeited | (292,235) |  |  | 11.08 |
Unvested Balance—March 31, 2024 | 6,813,506 |  |  | $ | 7.46 |

______________
(1)The number of RSU's granted includes those in association with the Option Exchange as described above.
The grant date fair value of an RSU equals the closing price of the Company's common stock on the grant date. RSUs generally vest equally over four years.
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ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss was as follows (in thousands):

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Research and development | $ | 3,657 |  |  | $ | 3,688 |
Selling, general, and administrative | 6,373 |  |  | 5,791 |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ | 10,030 |  |  | $ | 9,479 |

As of March 31, 2024, there was $37.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested options that are expected to vest, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years. As of March 31, 2024, there was $45.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs that is expected to vest, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.
The fair value of stock option awards granted was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |  | Year Ended December 31, 2023
Expected term (in years) | 6.0 – 6.1 |  | 5.0 – 6.1
Expected volatility | 79.1 – 80.8% |  | 75.2 – 78.4%
Risk-free interest rate | 3.9 – 4.2% |  | 3.5 – 4.7%
Dividend yield | —% |  | —%

9. Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average common shares outstanding. Pre-funded warrants to purchase 7,500,000 shares of the Company's stock were included in the weighted-average common shares outstanding used in calculating net loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The following outstanding potentially dilutive shares have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented due to their anti-dilutive effect:

| As of March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
Stock options to purchase common stock | 5,473,764 |  |  | 8,343,760 |
Early exercised options subject to future vesting | — |  |  | 11,135 |
RSUs subject to future vesting | 6,813,506 |  |  | 2,807,215 |
ESPP shares subject to future issuance | 359,184 |  |  | 98,670 |
Total | 12,646,454 |  |  | 11,260,780 |

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and the audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the related Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans, objectives, expectations, projections, and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “should,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. As a result of many factors, including those factors identified below and those set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.
Overview
We are a commercial-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing treatments for dermatological diseases with high unmet medical needs. Our current portfolio is comprised of highly differentiated topical and systemic treatments with significant potential to treat immune-mediated dermatological diseases and conditions. We believe we have built the industry's leading platform for dermatologic product development and commercialization. Our strategy is to focus on validated biological targets, and to use our drug development platform and deep dermatology expertise to develop and commercialize differentiated products that have the potential to address the major shortcomings of existing therapies in our targeted indications. We believe this strategy uniquely positions us to rapidly advance our goal of bridging the treatment innovation gap in dermatology, while maximizing our probability of technical success and financial resources.
We launched our lead product, ZORYVE® (roflumilast) cream 0.3% ("ZORYVE cream"), in August 2022 after obtaining our initial U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") approval for the treatment of plaque psoriasis, including psoriasis in the intertriginous areas (e.g. groin or axillae), in individuals 12 years of age or older. ZORYVE cream is approved for once-daily treatment of mild, moderate, and severe plaque psoriasis with no limitations on location or duration of use. In October 2023, we received FDA approval for an expanded indication in plaque psoriasis down to 6 years of age. We are currently working with the FDA to potentially further expand this indication in plaque psoriasis down to 2 years of age following the generation of additional clinical data. In April 2023, we had our first commercial launch outside of the United States following Health Canada approval of ZORYVE cream for the treatment of plaque psoriasis in individuals 12 years or age or older. ZORYVE cream is a once-daily topical formulation of roflumilast, a highly potent and selective phosphodiesterase-4 ("PDE4") inhibitor. PDE4 is an established biological target in dermatology, with multiple PDE4 inhibitors approved by the FDA for the treatment of dermatological conditions.
In December 2023, we received FDA approval for ZORYVE® (roflumilast) topical foam 0.3% ("ZORYVE foam") for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in individuals aged 9 years and older, with no limitation on severity, location, or duration of use. ZORYVE foam has been shown to provide rapid disease clearance and significant reduction in itch in clinical trials. In a pivotal Phase 3 study, 80% of individuals treated with ZORYVE foam achieved the primary efficacy endpoint of IGA Success, defined as an IGA score of “clear” or “almost clear” plus a 2-point improvement at Week 8, and just over 50% of individuals achieved an IGA score of clear at Week 8. In addition, individuals treated with ZORYVE foam reported reductions in itch from baseline within 48 hours of first application. ZORYVE foam is a once-daily steroid-free foam and, as a PDE4 inhibitor, is the first drug approved for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis with a new mechanism of action in over two decades. ZORYVE foam became commercially available in late January 2024. Seborrheic dermatitis is estimated to occur in as many as 10 million people in the United States, and is associated with a substantial psychosocial burden for those suffering from the disease.
In addition to the approval of ZORYVE cream for plaque psoriasis and ZORYVE foam for seborrheic dermatitis (collectively, "ZORYVE"), we are also developing ZORYVE cream for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In
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atopic dermatitis, we have successfully completed three pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials: INTEGUMENT-1 and -2 enrolled subjects 6 years of age or older and INTEGUMENT-PED enrolled subjects between the ages of 2 and 5 years. We are also conducting INTEGUMENT-OLE, an open label extension study of the long-term safety of ZORYVE cream 0.15% in individuals 6 years of age or older and ZORYVE cream 0.05% in subjects between the ages 2 and 5 years. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we announced positive topline data from both INTEGUMENT-1 and -2 in atopic dermatitis, and in September 2023, we announced positive topline data from INTEGUMENT-PED and positive interim results from INTEGUMENT-OLE. In September 2023, we submitted a supplemental new drug application (“sNDA”) for ZORYVE cream 0.15% for the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in individuals 6 years of age or older, which was accepted by the FDA and assigned a Prescription Drug User Fee Act ("PDUFA") target action date of July 7, 2024. Based on the positive results from the INTEGUMENT-PED study in September 2023, we expect to submit a subsequent sNDA for topical ZORYVE cream 0.05% for children ages 2 to 5 years of age if our current sNDA for ZORYVE cream 0.15% is approved for the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in individuals 6 years of age or older.
Beyond seborrheic dermatitis, we are also developing ZORYVE foam for scalp and body psoriasis and have successfully completed our pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial. We announced positive topline data in September 2022, and we plan to submit an sNDA in the third quarter of 2024.
Beyond ZORYVE, we are developing ARQ-255, a deep-penetrating topical formulation of ivarmacitinib, a potent and highly selective topical Janus kinase type 1 ("JAK1") inhibitor, designed to preferentially deliver the drug deep into the hair follicle, the site of inflammation in alopecia areata, in order to potentially develop the first topical treatment for this disease. In December 2022, we announced that the first subject had been enrolled in a Phase 1b study evaluating ARQ-255 for the treatment of alopecia areata. The first subject in the alopecia areata cohort enrolled in the second quarter of 2023.
In September 2022, we acquired Ducentis BioTherapeutics LTD ("Ducentis") and its lead asset, DS-234 (now ARQ-234), a fusion protein that is a potent and highly selective checkpoint agonist of the CD200 Receptor (CD200R). Currently in the preclinical stage, we plan to develop ARQ-234 in atopic dermatitis, where we believe it could be a potentially highly complementary biologic treatment option to ZORYVE cream in that indication, if approved. ARQ-234 could potentially be used to treat other inflammatory conditions as well.
We have incurred net losses in each year since inception, including net losses of net losses of $35.4 million and $80.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $1,017.3 million and cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities of $404.5 million. As of March 31, 2024, we had $200.0 million outstanding under the Loan Agreement.
We expect to continue to incur losses and significant expenses as we commercialize ZORYVE cream in psoriasis and ZORYVE foam in seborrheic dermatitis, and as we advance our product candidates and label extensions through clinical trials, regulatory submissions, and commercialization. We expect to incur significant and prioritized commercialization expenses related to the sales, marketing, manufacturing, and distribution of ZORYVE cream and foam, while we focus our clinical development spend on ARQ-234, ARQ-255, and ZORYVE label extensions, if we obtain regulatory approval for them. If our available cash and marketable securities balances, amounts available under the Loan Agreement, and anticipated future cash flows from operations are insufficient to cover these expenses, we may need to fund our operations through equity or debt financings or other sources, such as future potential collaboration agreements. Adequate funding may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. Any failure to obtain sufficient funds on acceptable terms as and when needed could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. See “Liquidity, Capital Resources, and Requirements” below and Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
We rely on third parties in the conduct of our nonclinical studies and clinical trials and for manufacturing and supply of our product candidates. We have no internal manufacturing capabilities, and we will continue to rely on third parties, many of whom are single source suppliers, for our nonclinical and clinical trial materials, as well as the commercial supply of our products.
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Components of Our Results of Operations
Revenue
Product Revenue, Net
In August 2022, in conjunction with the launch of our first FDA approved product, ZORYVE cream, we began to recognize revenue from product sales, net of rebates, chargebacks, discounts, and other adjustments. Additionally, in June 2023, we began recognizing revenue net of deductions for ZORYVE cream in Canada and, in January 2024, for ZORYVE foam. We will continue to evaluate trends related to revenue for ZORYVE. Additionally, if our development efforts for our other product candidates and ZORYVE label extensions are successful and result in regulatory approval, we may generate additional revenue in the future from product sales.
Other Revenue
Other revenue relates to the Sato License Agreement and the Huadong License and Collaboration Agreement. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales includes direct and indirect costs related to the manufacturing and distribution of ZORYVE cream, including raw materials, third-party manufacturing costs, packaging services, and freight-in, as well as third-party royalties payable on our net product sales and amortization of intangible assets associated with ZORYVE.
Our cost of sales will reflect a lower average per unit cost of materials until inventory that was previously expensed is sold, which is expected to occur over the next eighteen months. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the value of this inventory, mostly at the raw materials stage, was approximately $8.7 million and $8.7 million, respectively.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development Expenses
Since our inception, we have focused significant resources on our research and development activities, including conducting nonclinical studies and clinical trials, manufacturing development efforts, and activities related to regulatory filings for our product candidates. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. These costs include direct program expenses, which are payments made to third parties that specifically relate to our research and development, such as payments to clinical research organizations, clinical investigators, manufacturing of clinical material, nonclinical testing, and consultants. In addition, employee costs, including salaries, payroll taxes, benefits, stock-based compensation, and travel for employees contributing to research and development activities are classified as research and development costs. We allocate direct external costs on a program specific basis (topical roflumilast program, topical JAK inhibitor program, and early stage programs). Our internal costs are primarily related to personnel or professional services and apply across programs, and thus are not allocable on a program specific basis.
We expect to continue to incur research and development expenses in the future as we develop our product candidates. In particular, we expect to incur research and development expenses for the pediatric and open label extension Phase 3 trials of ZORYVE cream for atopic dermatitis, phase 1 ARQ-255 study for alopecia areata, and early development of ARQ-234 for atopic dermatitis.
We have entered, and may continue to enter, into license agreements to access and utilize certain molecules for the treatment of dermatological diseases and disorders. We evaluate if the license agreement is an acquisition of an asset or a business. To date, none of our license agreements have been considered to be an acquisition of a business. For asset acquisitions, the upfront payments, as well as any future milestone payments made before product approval, are immediately recognized as research and development expense when due, provided there is no alternative future use of the rights in other research and development projects.
The successful development of our product candidates is highly uncertain. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate the nature, timing, or costs required to complete the remaining development of ZORYVE cream, ZORYVE foam, ARQ-255, and ARQ-234 or any other product candidates. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with the development of product candidates. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of the risks and uncertainties associated with the development of our product candidates.
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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Our selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs, including payroll taxes, benefits, stock-based compensation, and travel, and costs related to sales and marketing of ZORYVE cream. Other selling, general and administrative expenses include legal costs of pursuing patent protection of our intellectual property, insurance, and professional services fees for auditing, tax, and general legal services. We expect our selling, general and administrative expenses to continue to increase in the future as we continue to commercialize ZORYVE and potentially other product candidates and support our operations, including increased expenses related to legal, accounting, insurance, regulatory, and tax-related services associated with maintaining compliance with exchange listing and SEC requirements, directors and officers liability insurance premiums, and investor relations activities.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net primarily consists of interest income earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, as well as changes in the fair value of the derivative related to our debt. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Interest Expense
Interest expense is related to interest incurred on our long term debt.
Provision for Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes is related to the Huadong License and Collaboration Agreement. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
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Results of Operations
Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  | Change
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | $ |  | %
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product revenue, net | $ | 21,569 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |  |  | $ | 18,788 |  |  | 676 | %
Other revenue | 28,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 28,000 |  |  | *
Total revenues | 49,569 |  |  | 2,781 |  |  | 46,788 |  |  | 1682 | %
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 3,256 |  |  | 783 |  |  | 2,473 |  |  | 316 | %
Research and development | 23,141 |  |  | 35,345 |  |  | (12,204) |  |  | (35) | %
Selling, general, and administrative | 54,794 |  |  | 42,918 |  |  | 11,876 |  |  | 28 | %
Total operating expenses | 81,191 |  |  | 79,046 |  |  | 2,145 |  |  | 3 | %
Loss from operations | (31,622) |  |  | (76,265) |  |  | 44,643 |  |  | (59) | %
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other income, net | 4,044 |  |  | 3,207 |  |  | 837 |  |  | 26 | %
Interest expense | (7,480) |  |  | (7,042) |  |  | (438) |  |  | 6 | %
Loss before income taxes | (35,058) |  |  | (80,100) |  |  | 45,042 |  |  | (56) | %
Provision for income taxes | 324 |  |  | — |  |  | 324 |  |  | *
Net loss | $ | (35,382) |  |  | $ | (80,100) |  |  | $ | 44,718 |  |  | (56) | %

______________
*Not applicable
Product revenue, net
We began recording U.S. product revenue in the third quarter of 2022 following the FDA approval and subsequent commercial launch of ZORYVE cream in August 2022, Canada product revenue in the second quarter of 2023 following the Health Canada approval and subsequent commercial launch of ZORYVE in June 2023, and additional U.S. revenue in the first quarter of 2024 following the FDA approval and subsequent commercial launch of ZORYVE foam in January 2024.

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  | Change
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | $ |  | %
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |
Product revenue, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ZORYVE cream | $ | 15,026 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |  |  | $ | 12,245 |  |  | 440 | %
ZORYVE foam | 6,543 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,543 |  |  | *
Total product revenue, net | $ | 21,569 |  |  | $ | 2,781 |  |  | $ | 18,788 |  |  | 676 | %

______________
*Not applicable
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Product revenue, net, for ZORYVE cream increased by $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily driven by higher end customer demand for ZORYVE cream in the United States and the commercial launch of ZORYVE cream in Canada in June 2023.
Product revenue, net, for ZORYVE foam increased by $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to three months ended March 31, 2023, driven by its commercial launch in January 2024.
Other revenue
Other revenue in the first quarter of 2024 includes $25.0 million received as an upfront payment in connection with the Sato Agreement and a $3.0 milestone payment received in connection with the Huadong Agreement. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Cost of Sales
Cost of sales increased by $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase is related primarily to additional ZORYVE cream and foam product costs incurred. Prior to the dates on which the initial regulatory approvals were received for each product, costs of raw materials were recorded as research and development expense. Therefore, cost of sales will reflect a lower average per unit cost until the related inventory is sold, which is expected to occur over the next eighteen months. See Note 5 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Research and Development Expenses

| Three Months Ended March 31, |  | Change
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | $ |  | %
| (in thousands) |  |  |  |
Direct external costs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Topical roflumilast program | $ | 3,588 |  |  | $ | 16,186 |  |  | $ | (12,598) |  |  | (78) | %
Topical JAK inhibitor program | 667 |  |  | 1,172 |  |  | (505) |  |  | (43) | %
Other early stage programs | 4,133 |  |  | 1,132 |  |  | 3,001 |  |  | 265 | %
Indirect costs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Compensation and personnel-related | 10,378 |  |  | 10,835 |  |  | (457) |  |  | (4) | %
Other | 4,375 |  |  | 6,020 |  |  | (1,645) |  |  | (27) | %
Total research and development expense | $ | 23,141 |  |  | $ | 35,345 |  |  | $ | (12,204) |  |  | (35) | %

Research and development expenses decreased by $12.2 million, or 35%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to the completion of Phase 3 studies of roflumilast cream in atopic dermatitis and roflumilast foam in seborrheic dermatitis and scalp and body psoriasis, partially offset by manufacturing costs incurred related to the development of early stage programs.
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Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased by $11.9 million, or 28%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in sales and marketing expenses of $6.2 million and an increase in compensation and personnel-related expenses of $5.3 million. These increases were primarily due to our continued commercialization efforts for ZORYVE.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net increased by $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily due to the change in fair value of the derivative related to our debt, as well as the impact of higher interest rates. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased by $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023, due to the impact of higher interest rates. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.
Provision for Income Taxes
Income tax expense of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to withholding tax on the Huadong License and Collaboration Agreement.
Liquidity, Capital Resources, and Requirements
Sources of Liquidity
Our primary sources of capital to date have been private placements of preferred stock, our IPO completed in January 2020, our follow-on financings in October 2020, February 2021, August 2022, October 2023, and March 2024, our Loan Agreement, our ATM, and revenue from the sale of ZORYVE cream and foam. We have incurred operating losses since our inception and have an accumulated deficit as a result of ongoing efforts to develop and commercialize our products and product candidates, including conducting nonclinical and clinical trials and providing selling, general and administrative support for these operations. As of March 31, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities of $404.5 million, and an accumulated deficit of $1,017.3 million. We maintain cash balances with financial institutions in excess of insured limits. In March 2024, we completed a public offering of shares of our common stock and received $161.7 million in net proceeds. In March 2024, we received an upfront payment of $25.0 million related to the Sato Agreement and a milestone payment $2.7 million related to the Huadong Agreement. As of March 31, 2024, we had $200.0 million outstanding under the Loan Agreement.
If our capital resources are insufficient to satisfy our requirements, we may need to fund our operations through the sale of our equity securities, accessing or incurring additional debt, entering into licensing or collaboration agreements with partners, grants, or other sources of financing. There can be no assurance that sufficient funds will be available to us at all or on attractive terms when needed from these sources. If we are unable to obtain additional funding from these or other sources when needed it may be necessary to significantly reduce our current rate of spending through, among other things, reductions in staff and delaying, scaling back, or stopping certain research and development programs, nonclinical studies, clinical trials or other development activities, and commercialization efforts. Insufficient liquidity may also require us to relinquish rights to product candidates at an earlier stage of development or on less favorable terms than we would otherwise choose. In addition, market conditions impacting financial institutions could impact our ability to access some or all of our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and we may be unable to obtain alternative funding when and as needed on acceptable terms, if at all.
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We have based our projected operating requirements on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect and we may use all our available capital resources sooner than we expect. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with research, development, and commercialization of pharmaceutical products, we are unable to estimate the exact amount of our operating capital requirements. Any future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:
•the timing, receipt, and amount of sales of any current and future products;
•the scope, progress, results, and costs of researching and developing our lead product candidates or any future product candidates, and conducting nonclinical studies and clinical trials, in particular our planned or ongoing development activities of ZORYVE cream in plaque psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, ZORYVE foam in seborrheic dermatitis and scalp psoriasis, ARQ-255 in alopecia areata, and our formulation and nonclinical efforts for ARQ-234;
•suspensions or delays in the enrollment or changes to the number of subjects we decide to enroll in our ongoing clinical trials;
•the number and scope of clinical programs we decide to pursue, and the number and characteristics of any product candidates we develop or acquire;
•the timing of, and the costs involved in, obtaining regulatory approvals for any future product candidates;
•the number and characteristics of any additional product candidates we develop or acquire;
•the cost of manufacturing ZORYVE or any future product candidates and any products we successfully commercialize, including costs associated with building out our supply chain;
•the cost of commercialization activities for ZORYVE or any future product candidates that are approved for sale, including marketing, sales and distribution costs, and any discounts or rebates to obtain access;
•our ability to establish and maintain strategic collaborations, licensing or other arrangements and the financial terms of any such agreements that we may enter into;
•the costs related to milestone payments to AstraZeneca, Hengrui, or any future collaborator or licensing partner, upon the achievement of predetermined milestones;
•any product liability or other lawsuits related to our products;
•the expenses needed to attract and retain skilled personnel;
•the costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, defending, and enforcing our intellectual property portfolio; and
•costs associated with any adverse market conditions or other macroeconomic factors.
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Indebtedness
On December 22, 2021 we entered into a loan and security agreement, or Loan Agreement, with SLR and the lenders party thereto. The Loan Agreement was amended and restated on January 10, 2023 to include Arcutis Canada, Inc. as a borrower and party to the Loan Agreement. The lenders agreed to extend term loans to us in an aggregate principal amount of up to $225.0 million, comprised of: (i) a tranche A term loan of $75.0 million, (ii) a tranche B-1 term loan of $50.0 million, (iii) a tranche B-2 term loan of up to $75.0 million, available in minimum increments of $15.0 million, and (iv) a tranche C term loan of up to $25.0 million. We refer to the tranche A, tranche B, and tranche C term loans together as our Term Loans. As security for the obligations under the Loan Agreement, we granted SLR, for the benefit of the lenders, a continuing security interest in substantially all of our assets, including our intellectual property, subject to certain exceptions.
On November 1, 2023, we entered into an amendment to the Loan Agreement. Pursuant to the amendment, the terms of the Loan Agreement were revised to, among others, (i) eliminate the undrawn tranche C term loan of up to $25.0 million, (ii) modify the financial covenant relating to minimum net product revenue and remove the market capitalization threshold, and (iii) include an additional minimum financing covenant. The modified financial covenant requires us to generate a minimum net product revenue equal to 75% of our projected net product revenue as set forth in our annual plan for the respective period, tested on a trailing 12 month basis for the month ending December 31, 2023 and then tested on a trailing six month basis, as of the end of each month, for the month ending January 31, 2024 and each month thereafter. Pursuant to the amendment, each annual plan shall be approved by our board of directors and SLR, in its capacity as collateral agent, in its reasonable discretion. Any failure by us to deliver such annual plan on or before December 15 of the prior year shall be an immediate event of default. In addition, we agreed to raise at least $31.0 million in net cash proceeds, during the period commencing on November 1, 2023 and ending on April 1, 2024, from (a) the sale or issuance of the our equity interests, (b) business development or collaboration agreements (including upfront, milestone, royalty and other payments), or (c) subordinated debt, in each case as permitted pursuant to the terms of the Loan Agreement. We raised the required capital during the first quarter of 2024 and were in compliance with all covenants under the Loan Agreement as of March 31, 2024.
The tranche A term loan was funded on December 22, 2021. Following the approval of ZORYVE, we drew down $125.0 million on the tranche B term loans, which we received in August 2022. As amended, the Loan Agreement provides for term loans to us in an aggregate principal amount of up to $200.0 million, which amounts were fully drawn as of March 31, 2024.
Principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans will accrue interest at a floating rate equal to the applicable rate in effect from time to time, as determined by SLR on the third business day prior to the funding date of the applicable Term Loan and on the first business day of the month prior to each payment date of each Term Loan. The applicable rate is a per annum interest rate equal to 7.45% plus the greater of (a) 0.10% and (b) the per annum rate published by the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. (or on any successor or substitute published rate) for a term of one month, subject to a replacement with an alternate benchmark rate and spread in certain circumstances. Starting in July 2023, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") for a term of one month was substituted for the benchmark rate. On March 31, 2024, the rate was 12.87%.
Interest payments are payable monthly following the funding of any Term Loan. Any principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans, if not repaid sooner, are due and payable on January 1, 2027, or the Maturity Date. We may voluntarily prepay principal amounts outstanding under the Term Loans in minimum increments of $5.0 million, subject to a prepayment premium of (i) 3.0% of the principal amount of such Term Loan so prepaid prior to December 22, 2022, (ii) 2.0% of the principal amount of such Term Loan so prepaid after December 22, 2022 and prior to December 22, 2023, or (iii) 1.0% of the principal amount of such Term Loan so prepaid after December 22, 2023 and prior to December 22, 2025.
The Loan Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, among others, requirements as to financial reporting and insurance and restrictions on our ability to dispose of its business or property, to change its line of business, to liquidate or dissolve, to enter into any change in control transaction, to merge or consolidate with any other entity or to acquire all or substantially all the capital stock or property of another entity, to incur additional indebtedness, to incur liens on its property, to pay any dividends or other distributions on capital stock other than dividends payable solely in capital stock or to redeem capital stock. We also agreed to a financial covenant whereby, beginning with the month ending December 31, 2023, we must generate net product revenue in excess of specified amounts for applicable measuring periods pursuant to the Loan Agreement.
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If the Term Loans are accelerated due to, among others, the occurrence of a bankruptcy or insolvency event, we are required to make certain mandatory prepayments, including fees applicable by reason of such prepayment.
In addition, the Loan Agreement contains customary events of default that entitle the lenders to cause any indebtedness under the Loan Agreement to become immediately due and payable, and to exercise remedies against us and the collateral securing the Term Loans. Upon the occurrence and for the duration of an event of default, an additional default interest rate, or the Default Rate, equal to 4.0% per annum will apply to all obligations owed under the Loan Agreement.
In connection with the Loan Agreement, we are obligated to pay (i) a final fee equal to 6.95% of the aggregate original principal amount of the Term Loans funded upon the earliest to occur of the Maturity Date, the acceleration of any Term Loan and the prepayment, refinancing, substitution or replacement of any Term Loan and (ii) a certain amount of lenders’ expenses incurred in connection with the execution of the Loan Agreement. Additionally, in connection with the Loan Agreement, we entered into an Exit Fee Agreement, whereby we agreed to pay an exit fee in the amount of 3.0% of each Term Loan funded upon (i) any change of control transaction or (ii) a revenue milestone, calculated on a trailing six month basis. Notwithstanding the prepayment or termination of the Term Loan, the exit fee will expire 10 years from the date of the Loan Agreement.
We were in compliance with all covenants under the Loan Agreement as of March 31, 2024.
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth our cash flows for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Cash used in operating activities | $ | (31,603) |  |  | $ | (80,344) |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (28,697) |  |  | 107,751 |
Cash provided by financing activities | 161,764 |  |  | 100 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (73) |  |  | (52) |
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | $ | 101,391 |  |  | $ | 27,455 |

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in operating activities was $31.6 million, which consisted of a net loss of $35.4 million and a change in net operating assets and liabilities of $5.4 million, partially offset by net non-cash charges of $9.2 million. The net non-cash charges were primarily related to stock-based compensation expense of $10.0 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in operating activities was $80.3 million, which consisted of a net loss of $80.1 million and a change in net operating assets and liabilities of $9.0 million, partially offset by net non-cash charges of $8.8 million. The net non-cash charges were primarily related to stock-based compensation expense of $9.5 million.
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in investing activities was $28.7 million, which was comprised primarily by purchases of marketable securities of $106.0 million, offset by proceeds from the maturities of marketable securities of $77.3 million.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash provided by investing activities was $107.8 million, which was comprised primarily of proceeds from the maturities of marketable securities of $147.5 million, partially offset by purchases of marketable securities of $39.7 million.
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Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities was $161.8 million, which was comprised primarily of $161.7 million of net proceeds from our February 2024 public stock offering.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash provided by financing activities was $0.1 million, which related to proceeds from the issuance of common stock upon the exercise of stock options.
Contractual Obligations and Contingent Liabilities
There have been no material changes outside the ordinary course of business to our contractual obligations and commitments as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include interest rate sensitivities. As of March 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $190.1 million, restricted cash of $0.6 million, and marketable securities of $213.8 million; which consist of bank deposits, money market funds, commercial paper, government securities, and corporate debt securities. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve capital to fund our operations. We also seek to maximize income from our investments without assuming significant risk. Because our investments are primarily short-term in duration, we believe that our exposure to interest rate risk is not significant, and a 1% movement in market interest rates would not have a significant impact on the total value of our portfolio.
In addition, as of March 31, 2024, we had $200.0 million outstanding under our Loan Agreement. Amounts outstanding under our Loan Agreement bear interest at a floating rate equal a per annum interest rate equal to 7.45% plus the greater of (a) 0.10% and (b) the per annum rate published by the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration Ltd. (or on any successor or substitute published rate) for a term of one month, subject to a replacement with an alternate benchmark rate and spread in certain circumstances. Starting in July 2023, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") for a term of one month was substituted for the benchmark rate. As a result, we are exposed to risks related to our indebtedness from changes in interest rates. Based on the amount outstanding under our Loan Agreement as of March 31, 2024, for every 100 basis point increase in the interest rates, we would incur approximately $2.0 million of additional annual interest expense. We do not currently engage in hedging transactions to manage our exposure to interest rate risk, but higher interest expense would be offset in part by higher earnings on our cash and marketable securities. We may in the future use swaps, caps, collars, structured collars or other common derivative financial instruments to reduce interest rate risk. It is difficult to predict the effect that future hedging activities would have on our operating results.
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange risk as our Canadian subsidiary operates with the Canadian dollar as its functional currency. The majority of our transactions occur in U.S. dollars. The fluctuation in the value of the U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar affects the reported amounts of expenses, assets and liabilities. If we expand our international operations our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations will increase. At March 31, 2024 we had cash balances denominated in Canadian dollars of $5.5 million. We currently do not hedge any foreign currency exposure. A hypothetical 10% change in foreign exchange rates during any of the periods presented would not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed at a reasonable assurance level and are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such required information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based our assessment on the criteria set forth in "Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)" issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the results of our assessment, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2024.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets;
(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our internal controls will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of internal controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Also, any evaluation of the effectiveness of controls in future periods are subject to the risk that those internal controls may become inadequate because of changes in business conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc. filed a lawsuit against Padagis Israel Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Padagis US LLC, and Padagis LLC (collectively, Padagis) in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey and the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware on March 26, 2024 and March 27, 2024, respectively, based on the submission to the FDA of an ANDA seeking approval to market and sell a generic version of Arcutis’s ZORYVE® 0.3% cream for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. The complaint asserts infringement of the following six patents, which are listed in the FDA’s Orange Book for Arcutis’ ZORYVE® 0.3% cream: 9,884,050; 9,907,788; 10,940,142; 11,129,818; 11,793,796; and 11,819,496 (collectively, Asserted Patents). Arcutis seeks a judgment that Padagis has infringed or will infringe one or more claims of each of the Asserted Patents and based on that judgment, a permanent injunction prohibiting the commercial manufacture, use, offer to sell, or sale within the United States or importation into the United States of Padagis’s proposed generic product before expiration of each of the Asserted Patents found to infringe.
On April 23, 2024, Padagis responded to the complaint in the District Court of Delaware, denying infringement and asserting counterclaims seeking a declaratory judgement that the asserted patents are not infringed, invalid and/or unenforceable.
Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the information in Part I, "Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
Item 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
Item 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Trading Plans
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number |  | Description of Document | Incorporated by Reference Form | Date | Number | Filed/Furnished Herewith
3.1 |  | Restated Certificate of Incorporation. | 10-Q | 5/12/20 | 3.1 |
3.2 |  | Restated Bylaws. | 10-Q | 5/12/20 | 3.2 |
4.1 |  | Form of Common Stock Certificate. | S-1/A | 1/21/20 | 4.1 |
4.2^ |  | Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated October 8, 2019, by and among the Registrant and certain of its stockholders. | S-1/A | 1/21/20 | 4.2 |
10.1 |  | Amended and Restated Sales Agreement, dated January 31, 2024, by and between Registrant and Cowen and Company, LLC. | S-3 | 1/31/24 | 1.2 |
10.2 |  | Amendment Employment Agreement, dated February 22, 2024, by and between the Registrant and Matthew R. Moore. | 10-K | 2/22/24 | 10.35 |
10.3† |  | License Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2024, by and between the Registrant and Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. |  |  |  | X
10.4 |  | First Amendment to the License Agreement, dated February 18, 2024, by and b etween the Registrant and Hangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. |  |  |  | X
31.1 |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  | X
31.2 |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  | X
32.1* |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |  |  |  | X
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document. |  |  |  | X
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. |  |  |  | X
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. |  |  |  | X
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. |  |  |  | X
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. |  |  |  | X
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. |  |  |  | X
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). |  |  |  | X

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______________
^ Registrant has omitted schedules and exhibits pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Registrant agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of the omitted schedules and exhibits to the SEC upon request.
† Registrant has omitted portions of the exhibit as permitted under Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K.
* The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not deemed filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Arcutis Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  | ARCUTIS BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC.
Date: | May 14, 2024 | By: | /s/ Todd Franklin Watanabe
|  |  | Todd Franklin Watanabe President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)
Date: | May 14, 2024 | By: | /s/ David Topper
|  |  | David Topper Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)